WoRMS source details

van Ofwegen, L.P. (2016). The genus Litophyton Forskål, 1775 (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea, Nephtheidae) in the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean. ZooKeys. 567: 1-128.
229720
10.3897/zookeys.567.7212 [view]
van Ofwegen, L.P.
2016
The genus Litophyton Forskål, 1775 (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea, Nephtheidae) in the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean
ZooKeys
567: 1-128
Publication
Available for editors  PDF available [request]
The Litophyton species of the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean are revised, which includes species previously belonging to the genus Nephthea, which is synonymized with Litophyton. A neotype for both Litophyton arboreum, the type species of Litophyton, and Nephthea chabrolii, the type species of Nephthea, are designated. The new species L. curvum sp. n. is described and depicted, and a key to all Litophyton species is provided. Of the 26 species previously described from the western Indian Ocean and Red Sea, 13 species are considered valid and 13 have been synonymized or placed in other genera.
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Date
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2016-04-06 14:13:13Z
created
2019-04-29 18:08:31Z
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2021-09-19 00:27:57Z
changed

Ammothea arborea (Forskål, 1775) accepted as Litophyton arboreum Forskål, 1775 (basis of record)
Ammothea sanderi May, 1899 accepted as Litophyton viridis (May, 1898) (basis of record)
Ammothea stuhlmanni May, 1898 accepted as Litophyton viridis (May, 1898) (basis of record)
Eunephthya maldivensis Hickson, 1905 accepted as Litophyton maldivensis (Hickson, 1905) (basis of record)
Litophyton Forskål, 1775 (taxonomy source)
Litophyton acuticonicum (Verseveldt, 1974) (new combination reference)
Litophyton acutifolium Kükenthal, 1913 accepted as Litophyton viridis (May, 1898) (status source)
Litophyton albida (Holm, 1894) accepted as Litophyton savignyi (Ehrenberg, 1834) (new combination reference)
Litophyton amentaceum (Studer, 1895) (new combination reference)
Litophyton arboreum Forskål, 1775 (taxonomy source)
Litophyton arvispiculosa (Thomson & Dean, 1931) accepted as Litophyton cervispiculosum (Thomson & Dean, 1931) (new combination reference)
Litophyton bayeri (Verseveldt, 1966) (new combination reference)
Litophyton bedfordi (Shann, 1912) (new combination reference)
Litophyton brassicum (Kükenthal, 1903) (new combination reference)
Litophyton bumastum (Verseveldt, 1973) (new combination reference)
Litophyton capnelliformis (Thomson & Dean, 1931) (new combination reference)
Litophyton cervispiculosa (Thomson & Dean, 1931) accepted as Litophyton cervispiculosum (Thomson & Dean, 1931) (new combination reference)
Litophyton chabrolii (Andouin, 1828) accepted as Litophyton chabrolii (Audouin, 1828) (new combination reference)
Litophyton columnaris (Studer, 1895) (new combination reference)
Litophyton compactum (Verseveldt, 1966) (new combination reference)
Litophyton concinnum (Kükenthal, 1905) (new combination reference)
Litophyton corallinum (Kükenthal, 1910) (new combination reference)
Litophyton crassum (Kükenthal, 1903) (new combination reference)
Litophyton crosslandi Thomson & McQueen, 1908 accepted as Litophyton viridis (May, 1898) (status source)
Litophyton cupressiformis (Kükenthal, 1903) (new combination reference)
Litophyton curvum van Ofwegen, 2016 (original description)
Litophyton debilis (Kükenthal, 1895) (new combination reference)
Litophyton digitatum (Wright & Studer, 1889) (new combination reference)
Litophyton elongatum (Kükenthal, 1895) (new combination reference)
Litophyton erectum (Kükenthal, 1903) (new combination reference)
Litophyton filamentosum (Verseveldt, 1973) (new combination reference)
Litophyton globulosum (May, 1899) (new combination reference)
Litophyton gracillimum (Thomson & Dean, 1931) (new combination reference)
Litophyton griseum (Kükenthal, 1895) (new combination reference)
Litophyton juniperum (Thomson & Dean, 1931) (new combination reference)
Litophyton laevis (Kükenthal, 1913) (new combination reference)
Litophyton lanternarium (Verseveldt, 1973) (new combination reference)
Litophyton legiopolypum (Verseveldt & Alderslade, 1982) (new combination reference)
Litophyton maldivensis (Hickson, 1905) (new combination reference)
Litophyton mollis (Macfadyen, 1936) (new combination reference)
Litophyton nigrum (Kükenthal, 1895) (new combination reference)
Litophyton pacificum (Kükenthal, 1903) (new combination reference)
Litophyton pyramidalis (Kükenthal, 1895) (new combination reference)
Litophyton savignyi (Ehrenberg, 1834) (new combination reference)
Litophyton setoensis (Utinomi, 1954) (new combination reference)
Litophyton sibogae (Thomson & Dean, 1931) (new combination reference)
Litophyton simulatum (Verseveldt, 1970) (new combination reference)
Litophyton sphaerophorum (Kükenthal, 1903) (new combination reference)
Litophyton tenuis (Kükenthal, 1895) (new combination reference)
Litophyton thujarium (Kükenthal, 1903) (new combination reference)
Litophyton tongaensis (Kükenthal, 1903) (new combination reference)
Litophyton viridis (May, 1898) (additional source)
Nephthea Audouin, 1828 accepted as Litophyton Forskål, 1775 (status source)
Nephthea aberrans Verseveldt, 1968 accepted as Litophyton savignyi (Ehrenberg, 1834) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea acuticonica Verseveldt, 1974 accepted as Litophyton acuticonicum (Verseveldt, 1974) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea albida (Holm, 1894) accepted as Litophyton albida (Holm, 1894) accepted as Litophyton savignyi (Ehrenberg, 1834) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea amentacea Studer, 1895 accepted as Litophyton amentaceum (Studer, 1895) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea armata Thomson & Henderson, 1906 accepted as Stereonephthya armata (Thomson & Henderson, 1906) (status source)
Nephthea bayeri Verseveldt, 1966 accepted as Litophyton bayeri (Verseveldt, 1966) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea brassica Kükenthal, 1903 accepted as Litophyton brassicum (Kükenthal, 1903) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea bumasta Verseveldt, 1973 accepted as Litophyton bumastum (Verseveldt, 1973) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea capnelliformis Thomson & Dean, 1931 accepted as Litophyton capnelliformis (Thomson & Dean, 1931) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea cervispiculosa (Thomson & Dean, 1931) accepted as Nephthea cervispiculosa Thomson & Dean, 1931 accepted as Litophyton cervispiculosum (Thomson & Dean, 1931) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea cervispiculosa Thomson & Dean, 1931 accepted as Litophyton cervispiculosum (Thomson & Dean, 1931) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea chabrolii Audouin, 1828 accepted as Litophyton chabrolii (Audouin, 1828) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea columnaris Studer, 1895 accepted as Litophyton columnaris (Studer, 1895) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea compacta Verseveldt, 1966 accepted as Litophyton compactum (Verseveldt, 1966) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea concinna Kükenthal, 1905 accepted as Litophyton concinnum (Kükenthal, 1905) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea corallina Kükenthal, 1910 accepted as Litophyton corallinum (Kükenthal, 1910) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea crassa Kükenthal, 1903 accepted as Litophyton crassum (Kükenthal, 1903) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea cupressiformis Kükenthal, 1903 accepted as Litophyton cupressiformis (Kükenthal, 1903) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea debilis (Kükenthal, 1895) accepted as Litophyton debilis (Kükenthal, 1895) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea digitata (Wright & Studer, 1889) accepted as Litophyton digitatum (Wright & Studer, 1889) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea elatensis Verseveldt & Cohen, 1971 accepted as Litophyton striatum (Kükenthal, 1903) (status source)
Nephthea elongata (Kükenthal, 1895) accepted as Litophyton elongatum (Kükenthal, 1895) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea erecta Kükenthal, 1903 accepted as Litophyton erectum (Kükenthal, 1903) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea filamentosa Verseveldt, 1973 accepted as Litophyton filamentosum (Verseveldt, 1973) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea galbuloides Verseveldt, 1973 accepted as Litophyton striatum (Kükenthal, 1903) (status source)
Nephthea globulosa (May, 1899) accepted as Litophyton globulosum (May, 1899) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea gracillima Thomson & Dean, 1931 accepted as Litophyton gracillimum (Thomson & Dean, 1931) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea grisea (Kükenthal, 1895) accepted as Litophyton griseum (Kükenthal, 1895) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea hirsuta Tixier-Durivault, 1966 accepted as Stereonephthya hirsuta (Tixier-Durivault, 1966) (status source)
Nephthea junipera Thomson & Dean, 1931 accepted as Litophyton juniperum (Thomson & Dean, 1931) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea laevis Kükenthal, 1913 accepted as Litophyton laevis (Kükenthal, 1913) (basis of record)
Nephthea laevis sensu Verseveldt, 1974 accepted as Litophyton arboreum Forskål, 1775 (status source)
Nephthea lanternaria Verseveldt, 1973 accepted as Litophyton lanternarium (Verseveldt, 1973) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea legiopolypa Verseveldt & Alderslade, 1982 accepted as Litophyton legiopolypum (Verseveldt & Alderslade, 1982) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea mollis Macfadyen, 1936 accepted as Litophyton mollis (Macfadyen, 1936) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea nigra (Kükenthal, 1895) accepted as Nephthea nigrescens Roxas, 1933 accepted as Litophyton nigrum (Kükenthal, 1895) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea pacifica Kükenthal, 1903 accepted as Litophyton pacificum (Kükenthal, 1903) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea pyramidalis (Kükenthal, 1895) accepted as Litophyton pyramidalis (Kükenthal, 1895) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea rubra Kükenthal, 1910 accepted as Chromonephthea rubra (Kükenthal, 1910) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea savignyi Ehrenberg, 1834 accepted as Litophyton savignyi (Ehrenberg, 1834) (basis of record)
Nephthea setoensis Utinomi, 1954 accepted as Litophyton setoensis (Utinomi, 1954) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea sibogae Thomson & Dean, 1931 accepted as Litophyton sibogae (Thomson & Dean, 1931) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea simulata Verseveldt, 1970 accepted as Litophyton simulatum (Verseveldt, 1970) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea sphaerophora Kükenthal, 1903 accepted as Litophyton sphaerophorum (Kükenthal, 1903) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea striata Kükenthal, 1903 accepted as Litophyton striatum (Kükenthal, 1903) (source of synonymy)
Nephthea tenuis (Kükenthal, 1896) accepted as Litophyton tenuis (Kükenthal, 1895) (new combination reference)
Nephthea thujaria Kükenthal, 1903 accepted as Litophyton thujarium (Kükenthal, 1903) (source of synonymy)
 Diagnosis

Nephtheids with bushy and arborescent colonies. Polyps clustered at the end of the terminal branches, forming ... [details]

 Spelling

Because of the synonymy of Nephthea with Litophyton, for many species a spelling emendation needed to be made to ... [details]

 Status

BM 1912.2.25.12 (holotype) and BM 1933.3.13.148 (holotype fragment) were re-examined. Despite disintegrated ... [details]

 Type material

Type lost [details]

 Type material

Type lost [details]

 Type material

MNHN holotype was re-examined. Despite disintegrated sclerites it was obvious that the species belongs to Stereonephthya [details]

 Type material

BM 1933.3.13.150 (part of syntype) was re-examined. Despite disintegrated sclerites it was obvious that the species ... [details]