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Asteroidea source details
Clark, A. H., Clark, A. M. (1967). A monograph of the existing crinoids. Bulletin of the United States National Museum. (82): 1-860.
133557
Clark, A. H., Clark, A. M.
1967
A monograph of the existing crinoids
Bulletin of the United States National Museum
(82): 1-860
Publication
Date action by 2013-01-12 18:30:12Z created db_admin Diagnosis Andrometra with centrodorsal conical, as high as broad at the base; cirri 50. Second and third pinnules with 15 ... [details] Diagnosis Andrometra with centrodorsal low hemispherical to almost columnar; cirri not more than 35. Second pinnule with ... [details] Diagnosis Annametra with P1 and P2 with ~18 segments. Arms ~30 mm and cirri ~5 mm long. [details] Diagnosis Annametra with P1 and P2 of up to 35 very short segments. Arms ~50 mm long in adult. Longest cirri up to 15 mm long. [details] Diagnosis Antedon with centrodorsal flattened hemispherical. Cirri ~30, in three crowded marginal rows, of 10-12 cirrals; ... [details] Diagnosis Antedon bifida with P2 similar to and same length as P3 but with no gonad. P1 about twice as long as following two ... [details] Diagnosis Antedon bifida with distal cirrals strongly compressed laterally, up to twice as wide in lateral view as proximal ... [details] Diagnosis Antedon with not more than 35 cirri, of not over 17 (rarely more than 15) cirrals; distal cirrals strongly ... [details] Diagnosis Antedon with arms to ~50 mm long. Cirri to 40, of 16-18 cirrals; length to ~25% arm length; longer proximal cirrals ... [details] Diagnosis Antedon incommoda with a relatively smaller aboral pole (0.4-0.9 mm across) with center sometimes very slightly ... [details] Diagnosis Antedon incommoda with centrodorsal discoidal, with aboral pole quite flat although variable in width and with ... [details] Diagnosis Antedon with cirri ~30, of 10-12 cirrals, short (about a fifth the arm length), rather stout, strongly recurved ... [details] Diagnosis Small Antedon with arms up to 40 mm long; cirri 10-20,of 12-17 cirrals, long, (more than a fourth the arm length), ... [details] Diagnosis Antedon with centrodorsal hemispherical, more or less flattened, with fairly large convex polar area. Cirri 15-30, ... [details] Diagnosis Antedon with 18-30 (usually 20-23) cirrals; all but first 2-3 are longer than wide and centrally constricted; distal ... [details] Diagnosis Antedon with P2 stouter basally and two-thirds the length of P1, which has 18-20 segments. Cirri ~30, of up to 11 ... [details] Diagnosis Small Antedon with arms to only 35 mm (rarely 20 mm) long. Cirri <40, about a fifth as long as arms, slender, delicate, of 8-11 greatly elongated segments with greatly expanded distal ends (weker distally); longest with L/W ratio ~4; antepenultimate with L/W ratio ~2; penultimate with L/W ratio 1.3-1.5; opposing spine prominent. P2 is about half as long as P1. Centrodorsal ... [details] Diagnosis Antedon with P2 intermediate in length between P1 and P3, and resembling P1. Cirri usually 40, of at most 18 ... [details] Diagnosis Antedon with arms up to 70 mm long. Centrodorsal flattened hemispherical. Cirri in largest specimens about ... [details] Diagnosis Argyrometra with first three pinnules successively longer; pinnulars with rather prominently everted and spinous ... [details] Diagnosis Argyrometra with first three pinnules successively longer. Cirri of 12-17 cirrals. Holotype with arms ~30 mm long. [details] Diagnosis Athrypsometra with low conical centrodorsal 1.7 mm across base and 1.0 mm tall. Radial areas each with 2 columns of ... [details] Diagnosis Athrypsometra with centrodorsal sharply conical, ~1.8 times wider across base than tall; sockets in 2 (apical) to 4 ... [details] Diagnosis Athrypsometra with centrodorsal 1.9 mm across base and 1.6 mm tall, with 4-5 cirrus sockets in each radial area in ... [details] Diagnosis Athrypsometra with centrodorsal almost as tall as basal diameter in large specimens but relatively lower in small ... [details] Diagnosis Atopocrinus with cirrus sockets in 10 columns, two per radial area. [details] Diagnosis Bathymetra with 10-15 cirri around aboral pole, directed aborally; none around centrodorsal base. Radials form ... [details] Diagnosis Bathymetra with centrodorsal having flattened aboral pole with cirrus sockets alternating irregularly around the ... [details] Diagnosis Caryometra with centrodorsal about 1.25 times taller than wide. Cirri in 15 crowded columns, slender, of moderate ... [details] Diagnosis Caryometra with centrodorsal low conical, wider than tall. Cirri in 10 columns, long, very slender, scarcely curved ... [details] Diagnosis Caryometra with centrodorsal about as tall as wide; aboral apex papillose. Cirri in 15 columns, long, very slender, ... [details] Diagnosis Caryometra with centrodorsal rounded conical, about as tall as wide. Cirri in 10 columns, short, strongly curved ... [details] Diagnosis Caryometra with centrodorsal slightly taller than wide. Cirri in 15 columns, long, slender, of 27-34 cirrals; ... [details] Diagnosis Caryometra with centrodorsal sharply conical, up to 1.5 times taller than wide at the base. Cirri in 15 columns ... [details] Diagnosis Cyclometra with cirri ~40 when arms are 130 mm long, arranged in three columns of 2-3 cirri in each radius; longest ... [details] Diagnosis Cyclometra with cirri ~80 when arms are just over 100 mm long, arranged in 3 columns of 4-5 each per radial area; ... [details] Diagnosis Dorometra with P2 (12 pinnulars) intermediate in size and number of pinnulars between P1 (8 pinnulars) and P3 ... [details] Diagnosis Dorometra with third to fifth cirrals longest, with L/W ratio ~3. P1 10 mm long with 13 segments; P2 3.5 mm long, ... [details] Diagnosis Dorometra with P3 much less than twice as long as P1 and P2, which is slightly shorter than P1. Cirri 7-11 mm long, ... [details] Diagnosis Dorometra with P2 intermediate in length between P1 and P3; first three pinnules with 8-9 segments. Cirri ... [details] Diagnosis Dorometra with P2 slightly smaller than P1, which is about half as long as P3, which has 18-20 segments. Cirrals ... [details] Diagnosis Dorometra with P1 and P2 similar, with usually 8-10 segments, only half as long as P3, which has 13-16 segments. ... [details] Diagnosis Large, robust Dorometra with P2 (13 to at least 14 pinnulars) intermediate in size and in number of pinnulars ... [details] Diagnosis Eometra with centrodorsal as tall as wide at the base, which is 2.5 mm. in the type specimen. Cirri ~20, of 26-31 ... [details] Diagnosis Eometra with centrodorsal basal diameter 1.33 times height. Cirri 22-27, ~18 mm long, probably of ~18 cirrals; ... [details] Diagnosis A species of Erythrometra with cirri of 36-39 cirrals with arm length 60 mm. [details] Diagnosis A species of Erythrometra with cirri of up to 30 cirrals and arms up to 35 mm long. [details] Diagnosis Euantedon with 40-50 cirri, 10-12 mm long, with up to 15 cirrals; longest cirrals with L/W ratio up to 6 (median ... [details] Diagnosis Euantedon with 15-17 cirrals; longest cirrals with L/W ratio ~4 (median width); distal cirrals decreasing in length ... [details] Diagnosis Euantedon with 25 cirri of 17-26 (usually about 20) cirrals; longest cirrals with L/W ratio ~2. Arms ~40 mm long in ... [details] Diagnosis Euantedon with 30 cirri, 8-10 mm long, of 13-14 cirrals; longest cirrals with L/W ratio of ~2. P1 11-15 mm long, ... [details] Diagnosis Euantedon with 15-17 cirrals; longest cirrals with L/W ratio 2.0-2.5; distal cirrals only very slightly shorter; ... [details] Diagnosis Euantedon with ~40 cirri with up to 25 cirrals; longest with L/W ratio 2.5-3. Arms ~100 mm long. [details] Diagnosis Eumorphometra with ~40 cirri of up to 28 cirrals when arms are ~30 mm long. Brachitaxes with distinctly spinous ... [details] Diagnosis Eumorphometra with ~30 cirri of up to 25 cirrals, 7 mm long when arms are ~30 mm long. Brachitaxis margins spinous; ... [details] Diagnosis Eumorphometra having cirri ~45, of 34-40 cirrals, up to 12 mm long in 15 columns, when arms are 35-40 mm long. [details] Diagnosis Eumorphometra with ~40 cirri (in distinct columns interradially), of 25-30 cirrals, when arms are ~35 mm long. ... [details] Diagnosis Eumorphometra with ~40 cirri irregularly arranged, of 23-28 cirrals, when arm length is 25 mm. First primibrachial ... [details] Diagnosis Fariometra with lateral margins of first primibrachial converging; lateral angles of axils extending beyond angles ... [details] Diagnosis Fariometra with centrodorsal conical, 2.6 mm across base and 2.2 mm tall (holotype). Cirri 45-100, with up to 21 ... [details] Diagnosis Fariometra with primibrachial ossicles and first two brachials in close lateral contact throughout and sharply and ... [details] Diagnosis Fariometra with arms 30 mm long. Cirri ~40, of 20-22 cirrals; longest cirrals with L/W ratio ~3 (median width) with ... [details] Diagnosis Fariometra with cirri of 19-21 cirrals; longest with L/W ratio 2-3 (median width). Primibrachial ossicles and first ... [details] Diagnosis Large Fariometra with centrodorsal 3.5 mm across base and 3 mm tall. First primibrachials with converging lateral ... [details] Diagnosis Fariometra similar to F. alcyon but with centrodorsal an equilateral triangle in lateral view, and longest cirrals ... [details] Diagnosis Fariometra with second brachials shield-shaped and much longer than broad. Pinnules and cirri unknown. [details] Diagnosis Fariometra with centrodorsal large, conical, twice as broad at the base as tall. Cirri ~55, with ~26 cirrals; ... [details] Diagnosis Fariometra with centrodorsal conical, almost as high as wide at the base. Cirri ~60, of 21-36 cirrals; longest ... [details] Diagnosis Florometra similar to F. serratissima but with third syzygy at brachials 14+15 (occasionally 12+13 to 16+17). [details] Diagnosis Florometra with basal segments of oral pinnules markedly broadened but not carinate. P1 usually of ~60 segments ... [details] Diagnosis Florometra with centrodorsal conical; bare aboral pole very small. Cirri ~100, of up to 38 cirrals; no aboral ... [details] Diagnosis Florometra with basal pinnulars enlarged and carinate. P1 and P2 similar in length and number of segments, their ... [details] Diagnosis Florometra with brachials following the third syzygy about as long as broad instead of markedly broader than long. ... [details] Diagnosis Florometra with 40-77 cirri, of up to 34 cirrals; longest cirrals with L/W ratio up to 3; distal cirrals usually ... [details] Diagnosis Florometra with third syzygy usually between brachials 16+17 (sometimes 15+16). Basal pinnulars of oral pinnules ... [details] Diagnosis Florometra with oral pinnules slender, lacking carinate processes on basal pinnulars of proximal pinnules. Middle ... [details] Diagnosis Iridometra with first three exterior (and usually first two interior) pinnules similar, elongate, longer than their ... [details] Diagnosis Very large and robust Iridometra with centrodorsal large, hemispherical, with deeply concave aboral apex. Arms up ... [details] Diagnosis Leptometra differing from L. phlangium in having cirri proportionately shorter and not tapered distally, so that ... [details] Diagnosis Leptometra with centrodorsal sharply to bluntly, rounded, or truncated conical, or even somewhat columnar, usually ... [details] Diagnosis Mastigometra with 50-80 cirri 12-14 mm long, of ~15 cirrals; distal cirrals with L/W ratio 1.3-1.5. P1 25 mm long ... [details] Diagnosis Mastigometra with 50-90 cirri ~10 mm long, of ~16 cirrals; sixth and following cirrals with L/W ratio ~1. P1 15 mm ... [details] Diagnosis Mastigometra with ~35 cirri 12-14 mm long, of 12-16 cirrals; distal cirrals with L/W ratio 1.3-1.5. P1 15 mm long ... [details] Diagnosis Nanometra with centrodorsal conical with small aboral pole; cirri XXX-L, 30-45 (usually 35-40) segments, when arms ... [details] Diagnosis Nanometra with centrodorsal broadly truncated with wide, more or less flat, aboral pole; cirri ~LXX when arms are ... [details] Diagnosis Perometra closely resembling P. diomedeae but with all pinnules present, 13-15+ arms 50-60 mm long, less strongly ... [details] Diagnosis Perometra with 10 arms only, to 90 mm long; Pa usually absent; synarthrial tubercles extravagantly developed; 35-55 ... [details] Diagnosis Perometra with 10 arms (in the unique holotype) ~30 mm long; cirri XVII, up to 6 mm long with 28 segments (about a ... [details] Diagnosis Perometra with cirri to 20 mm long when arm length is 60 mm, rather stout basally, with 39-47 segments; longer ... [details] Diagnosis Phrixometra with cirri of up to 20 cirrals, wider distally; longest cirrals in peripheral cirri with L/W ratio ~3. ... [details] Diagnosis Similar to the types of Phrixometra longipinna longipinna but with more cirri (45), fewer cirrals (17-19), more ... [details] Diagnosis P. longipinna with cirri ~30, of 20-25 cirrals. Proximal pinnules all long;, P1 reaching to about brachial 12, with ... [details] Diagnosis Phrixometra with cirri ~45, with <20 cirrals. P1 of ~14 segments; P2 usually first genital pinnule, similar in length and number ... [details] |