CaRMS taxon details
context source (Deepsea)
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO. The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), available online at http://www.iobis.org/ [details]
basis of record
van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 357-374 (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source
Põllumäe, A. [details]
additional source
Fourmanoir, P. (1961). Requins de la Cote Ouest de Madagascar. Memoires de l'Institut Scientifique de Madagascar Serie F (Oceanographie) 4: 1-82 [details]
additional source
Randall, J. E. (1992). Red Sea Reef Fishes. <em>Immel Publishing.</em> [details]
additional source
McEachran, J. D. (2009). Fishes (Vertebrata: Pisces) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 1223–1316 in: Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas. [details]
additional source
Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). Checklist of marine biota of China seas. <em>China Science Press.</em> 1267 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
additional source
Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2023). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (02/2023)., available online at https://www.fishbase.org [details]
From other sources
Description Found over sandy and muddy areas of coastal waters, including estuaries. May inhabit oceanic waters. Feeds on benthic animals, fishes, rays, gastropods, and squids (Ref. 5213). Viviparous; litter size 1-14 pups, born during midsummer (Ref. 5485); 56-75 cm at birth (Ref. 2334). Populations are segregated by age. Preferred water tempeatures range from 23 to 27°C. Potentially dangerous but has never been incriminated in any attack on people. Utilized for human consumption, for leather and oil. Marketed fresh, dried-salted and frozen; fins are valued for soup (Ref. 9987). [details]
Diet Feeds mainly on bony fishes, also small sharks, cephalopods, and shrimps [details]
Distribution Massachusetts (Woods Hole, straying into Gulf of Maine) to southern Brazil [details]
Habitat nektonic [details]
Importance Social & Scientific- Commercial, gamefish, aquarium fish, Utilized for human consumption, for leather and oil. Chinese medicine [details]
From editor or global species database
From other sources
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