CaRMS (2018). Dinoflagellida. Accessed at: http://www.marinespecies.org/CaRMS/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=147418 on 2019-12-09
Kennedy, M.K., L. Van Guelpen, G. Pohle, L. Bajona (Eds.) (2019). Canadian Register of Marine Species. Dinoflagellida. Accessed at: http://marinespecies.org/carms/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=147418 on 2019-12-09
basis of recordHayward, P.J.; Ryland, J.S. (Ed.). (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK. ISBN 0-19-857356-1. 627 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality