The formerly monotypic genus
Glyphohesione Friedrich, 1950 is removed from synonymy with
Synelmis Chamberlin, 1919 and emended. The type species,
G. klatti Friedrich, 1950, from northern European waters, is redescribed, and
G. longocirrata, a new species from the east coast of North America, is described.
Glyphohesione is transferred from the Pilargidae to the Hesionidae, where it was originally placed, as the pilargid stem-species might have evolved from a hesionid species by progenesis.