Hydrozoa source details
Schuchert P. (1997). Review of the family Halopterididae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden. 309: 1-162.
33907
Schuchert P.
1997
Review of the family Halopterididae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria)
Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden
309: 1-162
Publication
All genera and species of the hydrozoan family Halopterididae are reviewed. Where material was available, species are described and figured and the extent of morphological variation is assessed as far as possible. The re-examined material includes samples from the Challenger, Siboga, and Galathea expeditions. Numerous types were re-examined and taxonomic revisions made where necessary. For several nominal species lectotypes are designated. Two new species are described: Antennella kiwiana from New Zealand and Halopteris platygonotheca, a wide spread species from the Indo-Pacific Ocean. Halopteris buskii var. peculiaris (Billard, 1913) is raised to species level as Halopteris peculiaris. Several species are sunk into synonymy: Plumularia balei Billard, 1911 is referred to Antennella varians (Billard, 1911); Antennella variabilis Fraser, 1936 is referred to A. quadriaurita Ritchie, 1909; Plumularia nuttingi Billard, 1911 is referred to Halopteris polymorpha (Billard, 1913); Thecocaulus heterogona Bale, 1924 is referred to Halopteris crassa (Billard, 1911); Halopteris constricta Totton, 1930 is referred to H. minuta (Trebilcock, 1928); Corhiza mortenseni Millard, 1968 is referred to Corhiza complexa (Nutting, 1905); Plumularia obconica Kirchenpauer, 1876, Heteroplon pluma Allznan, 1883, and Plumularia armata Allman, 1883 are all referred to Halopteris buskii (Bale, 1884). Antennella siliquosa (Hincks, 1877), Halopteris alternata (Nutting, 1900), and Halopteris tenella (Verrill, 1874) are recognised as valid species. The recognised genera of the Halopterididae are: Antennella Allman, 1887, Halopteris Allman, 1887, Monostaechas Allman, 1877, Schizotricha Allman, 1883, Antennellopsis Jaderholm, 1896, Corhiza Millard, 1962, Gattya Allman, 1886, Calvinia Nutting, 1900, Nuditheca Nutting, 1900, Astrolabia Naumov, 1955, Anarthoclada Naumov, 1955, and Pentatheca Naumov, 1955. The validity of the generic division is discussed; only minor emendations are made for the genera Halopteris and Schizotricha. Descriptors: ANTENNELLA KIWIANA new species; HALOPTERIS PLATYGONOTHECA new species; HALOPTERIS PECULIARIS new rank; HALOPTERIS BUSKII var. PECULIARIS figs 1-51. AGGIORNAMENTO FAUNA ITALIANA
Systematics, Taxonomy
Zoogeography, Biogeography (generalities), Geographic distribution
Zoogeography, Biogeography (generalities), Geographic distribution
Anarthroclada Naumov, 1955 (additional source)
Anarthroclada parmata Naumov, 1955 (additional source)
Antennella allmani Armstrong, 1879 (additional source)
Antennella avalonia Torrey, 1902 (status source)
Antennella biarmata Nutting, 1927 (additional source)
Antennella campanulaformis (Mulder & Trebilcock, 1909) (redescription)
Antennella compacta Fraser, 1938 (status source)
Antennella kiwiana Schuchert, 1997 (original description)
Antennella microscopica (Mulder & Trebilcock, 1909) (status source)
Antennella sibogae (Billard, 1911) (redescription)
Antennella tubulosa (Bale, 1894) (redescription)
Antennella varians (Billard, 1911) (redescription)
Calvinia mirabilis Nutting, 1900 (redescription)
Corhiza Millard, 1962 (redescription)
Corhiza complexa (Nutting, 1906) (redescription)
Corhiza fascicularis (Allman, 1883) (additional source)
Corhiza mortenseni Millard, 1968 accepted as Corhiza complexa (Nutting, 1906) (source of synonymy)
Gattya aglaopheniaformis (Mulder & Trebilcock, 1909) (redescription)
Gattya balei (Bartlett, 1907) (redescription)
Gattya tropicalis Millard & Bouillon, 1973 (additional source)
Halopterididae Millard, 1962 (redescription)
Halopteris Allman, 1877 (additional source)
Halopteris alternata (Nutting, 1900) (redescription)
Halopteris billardi (Vannucci, 1951) (additional source)
Halopteris buskii (Bale, 1884) accepted as Halopteris glutinosa (Lamouroux, 1816) (redescription)
Halopteris campanula (Busk, 1852) (redescription)
Halopteris carinata Allman, 1877 (redescription)
Halopteris catharina (Johnston, 1833) (redescription)
Halopteris concava (Billard, 1911) (additional source)
Halopteris constricta Totton, 1930 accepted as Halopteris minuta (Trebilcock, 1928) (source of synonymy)
Halopteris crassa (Billard, 1911) (redescription)
Halopteris diaphana (Heller, 1868) (redescription)
Halopteris diaphragmatica (Billard, 1911) (redescription)
Halopteris everta (Mulder & Trebilcock, 1909) (redescription)
Halopteris geminata (Allman, 1877) (redescription)
Halopteris gracilis (Clarke, 1879) accepted as Halopteris clarkei (Nutting, 1900) (redescription)
Halopteris heterogona (Bale, 1924) accepted as Halopteris crassa (Billard, 1911) (source of synonymy)
Halopteris infundibulum Vervoort, 1966 (redescription)
Halopteris jedani (Billard, 1913) (redescription)
Halopteris liechtensternii (Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890) (redescription)
Halopteris minuta (Trebilcock, 1928) (redescription)
Halopteris opposita (Mulder & Trebilcock, 1911) (redescription)
Halopteris peculiaris (Billard, 1913) (redescription)
Halopteris plagiocampa (Pictet, 1893) (redescription)
Halopteris platygonotheca Schuchert, 1997 (original description)
Halopteris polymorpha (Billard, 1913) (redescription)
Halopteris pseudoconstricta Millard, 1975 (redescription)
Halopteris regressa (Billard, 1918) (status source)
Halopteris tenella (Verrill, 1874) (redescription)
Halopteris tuba (Kirchenpauer, 1876) (redescription)
Halopteris valdiviae (Stechow, 1923) accepted as Thamnopteros valdiviae (Stechow, 1923) (redescription)
Monostaechas Allman, 1877 (additional source)
Monostaechas fisheri Nutting, 1906 (redescription)
Monostaechas sibogae Billard, 1913 (additional source)
Plumularia nuttingi Billard, 1911 accepted as Halopteris nuttingi (Billard, 1911) (basis of record)
Plumularia siliquosa Hincks, 1877 accepted as Antennella siliquosa (Hincks, 1877) (redescription)
Sertularia secundaria Gmelin, 1791 accepted as Antennella secundaria (Gmelin, 1791) (redescription)
Anarthroclada parmata Naumov, 1955 (additional source)
Antennella allmani Armstrong, 1879 (additional source)
Antennella avalonia Torrey, 1902 (status source)
Antennella biarmata Nutting, 1927 (additional source)
Antennella campanulaformis (Mulder & Trebilcock, 1909) (redescription)
Antennella compacta Fraser, 1938 (status source)
Antennella kiwiana Schuchert, 1997 (original description)
Antennella microscopica (Mulder & Trebilcock, 1909) (status source)
Antennella sibogae (Billard, 1911) (redescription)
Antennella tubulosa (Bale, 1894) (redescription)
Antennella varians (Billard, 1911) (redescription)
Calvinia mirabilis Nutting, 1900 (redescription)
Corhiza Millard, 1962 (redescription)
Corhiza complexa (Nutting, 1906) (redescription)
Corhiza fascicularis (Allman, 1883) (additional source)
Corhiza mortenseni Millard, 1968 accepted as Corhiza complexa (Nutting, 1906) (source of synonymy)
Gattya aglaopheniaformis (Mulder & Trebilcock, 1909) (redescription)
Gattya balei (Bartlett, 1907) (redescription)
Gattya tropicalis Millard & Bouillon, 1973 (additional source)
Halopterididae Millard, 1962 (redescription)
Halopteris Allman, 1877 (additional source)
Halopteris alternata (Nutting, 1900) (redescription)
Halopteris billardi (Vannucci, 1951) (additional source)
Halopteris buskii (Bale, 1884) accepted as Halopteris glutinosa (Lamouroux, 1816) (redescription)
Halopteris campanula (Busk, 1852) (redescription)
Halopteris carinata Allman, 1877 (redescription)
Halopteris catharina (Johnston, 1833) (redescription)
Halopteris concava (Billard, 1911) (additional source)
Halopteris constricta Totton, 1930 accepted as Halopteris minuta (Trebilcock, 1928) (source of synonymy)
Halopteris crassa (Billard, 1911) (redescription)
Halopteris diaphana (Heller, 1868) (redescription)
Halopteris diaphragmatica (Billard, 1911) (redescription)
Halopteris everta (Mulder & Trebilcock, 1909) (redescription)
Halopteris geminata (Allman, 1877) (redescription)
Halopteris gracilis (Clarke, 1879) accepted as Halopteris clarkei (Nutting, 1900) (redescription)
Halopteris heterogona (Bale, 1924) accepted as Halopteris crassa (Billard, 1911) (source of synonymy)
Halopteris infundibulum Vervoort, 1966 (redescription)
Halopteris jedani (Billard, 1913) (redescription)
Halopteris liechtensternii (Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890) (redescription)
Halopteris minuta (Trebilcock, 1928) (redescription)
Halopteris opposita (Mulder & Trebilcock, 1911) (redescription)
Halopteris peculiaris (Billard, 1913) (redescription)
Halopteris plagiocampa (Pictet, 1893) (redescription)
Halopteris platygonotheca Schuchert, 1997 (original description)
Halopteris polymorpha (Billard, 1913) (redescription)
Halopteris pseudoconstricta Millard, 1975 (redescription)
Halopteris regressa (Billard, 1918) (status source)
Halopteris tenella (Verrill, 1874) (redescription)
Halopteris tuba (Kirchenpauer, 1876) (redescription)
Halopteris valdiviae (Stechow, 1923) accepted as Thamnopteros valdiviae (Stechow, 1923) (redescription)
Monostaechas Allman, 1877 (additional source)
Monostaechas fisheri Nutting, 1906 (redescription)
Monostaechas sibogae Billard, 1913 (additional source)
Plumularia nuttingi Billard, 1911 accepted as Halopteris nuttingi (Billard, 1911) (basis of record)
Plumularia siliquosa Hincks, 1877 accepted as Antennella siliquosa (Hincks, 1877) (redescription)
Sertularia secundaria Gmelin, 1791 accepted as Antennella secundaria (Gmelin, 1791) (redescription)
Diagnosis
Halopterididae with stems arising directly from creeping stolons, stems normally unbranched, not polysiphonic. ... [details]
Diagnosis
Plumularoidea forming colonies with erect cormoids arising either from creeping stolons, or from any strand of a ... [details]
Status
It is unclear whether this genus is distinct from Antennella [details]