1. Subfamily Atherininae Risso, 1827
   1. Genus Atherina Linnaeus, 1758
   2. Genus Atherinason Whitley, 1934
   3. Genus Atherinosoma Castelnau, 1872
   4. Genus Kestratherina Pavlov, Ivantsoff, Last & Crowley, 1988
   5. Genus Leptatherina Pavlov, Ivantsoff, Last & Crowley, 1988
   6. Genus Allanetta Whitley, 1943 accepted as Craterocephalus McCulloch, 1912
   7. Genus Pranesella Whitley, 1934 accepted as Atherinosoma Castelnau, 1872
   8. Genus Pranesus Whitley, 1930 accepted as Atherinomorus Fowler, 1903
   9. Genus Taeniomembras Ogilby, 1898 accepted as Atherinosoma Castelnau, 1872
2. Subfamily Atherinomorinae Dyer & Chernoff, 1996
   1. Genus Atherinomorus Fowler, 1903
   2. Genus Doboatherina Sasaki & Kimura, 2019
   3. Genus Hypoatherina Schultz, 1948
   4. Genus Stenatherina Schultz, 1948
   5. Genus Teramulus Smith, 1965
   6. Genus Atherinamorous accepted as Atherinomorus Fowler, 1903 (misspelling)
   7. Genus Atherinimorus accepted as Atherinomorus Fowler, 1903 (misspelling)
   8. Genus Atherinomorphus accepted as Atherinomorus Fowler, 1903 (misspelling)
   9. Genus Hypoatheria accepted as Hypoatherina Schultz, 1948 (misspelling)
   10. Genus Hypotherina accepted as Hypoatherina Schultz, 1948 (unaccepted > misspelling - incorrect subsequent spelling)
3. Subfamily Atherinopsinae Fitzinger, 1873
   1. Genus Atherinops Steindachner, 1876
   2. Genus Atherinopsis Girard, 1854
   3. Genus Colpichthys Hubbs, 1918
   4. Genus Leuresthes Jordan & Gilbert, 1880
   5. Genus Austroatherina Marrero, 1950 accepted as Odontesthes Evermann & Kendall, 1906
   6. Genus Austromenidia Hubbs, 1918 accepted as Odontesthes Evermann & Kendall, 1906
   7. Genus Bachmannia Nani, 1951 accepted as Odontesthes Evermann & Kendall, 1906
   8. Genus Cauque Eigenmann, 1928 accepted as Odontesthes Evermann & Kendall, 1906
   9. Genus Kronia Miranda Ribeiro, 1915 accepted as Odontesthes Evermann & Kendall, 1906 (synonym)
   10. Genus Patagonia accepted as Patagonina Eigenmann, 1928 accepted as Odontesthes Evermann & Kendall, 1906 (unaccepted > misspelling - incorrect subsequent spelling)
   11. Genus Patagonina Eigenmann, 1928 accepted as Odontesthes Evermann & Kendall, 1906
   12. Genus Pseudothyrina Miranda Ribeiro, 1915 accepted as Odontesthes Evermann & Kendall, 1906
   13. Genus Sorgentinia Risso & Risso, 1953 accepted as Odontesthes Evermann & Kendall, 1906
   14. Genus Tupa de Buen, 1953 accepted as Odontesthes Evermann & Kendall, 1906
   15. Genus Yaci de Buen, 1953 accepted as Odontesthes Evermann & Kendall, 1906
4. Subfamily Craterocephalinae Dyer & Chernoff, 1996
   1. Genus Craterocephalus McCulloch, 1912

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