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WoRMS name detailsLepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer, 1837)
 135782 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:135782)
alternative representation
Species
Caligus salmonis Krøyer, 1837 · unaccepted > superseded combination
Caligus stroemii Baird, 1847 · unaccepted (synonymy)
Caligus vespa Milne Edwards, 1840 · unaccepted (synonymy)
Laxe luus Ström, 1770 · unaccepted (A vernacular name but listed as a...)
A vernacular name but listed as a synonym by Baird, 1850 Lepeophtheirus stroemii (Baird, 1847) · unaccepted (synonym)
marine, brackish,
(of Caligus salmonis Krøyer, 1837) Krøyer, H. (1837). Om Snyltekrebsene, isaer med Hensyn til den danske Fauna. III. Formbeskrivelser (Fortsaettelse).[Concerning parasitic Crustacea with special reference to the Danish fauna. ]. <em>Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift Ser. I.</em> 1(6): 605-628, pl. 6.
page(s): plate 6 fig 7a-e, ; note: Kroyer named the species in 1837 and provided figures, but was not described until 1838 [details]  (of Caligus salmonis Krøyer, 1837) Krøyer, H. (1838). Om Snyltekrebsene, isaer med Hensyn til den danske Fauna. III. Formbeskrivelser (Fortsaettelse). [On the Parasitic Crayfish, Especially with Regard to the Danish Fauna. III. Descriptions of Forms (Continued)]. <em>Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift Ser. I.</em> 2(1): 8-52, pl. 1. page(s): 13-15; note: text description of the figured 1837 plate [details]
Distribution Northern hemisphere, all salmon inhabited waters
Distribution Northern hemisphere, all salmon inhabited waters [details] Taxonomy The original description of L. salmonis is Kroyer, 1837. The paper contains an illustration of L. salmonis (as Caligus...
Taxonomy The original description of L. salmonis is Kroyer, 1837. The paper contains an illustration of L. salmonis (as Caligus salmonis) plus the name in the figure legend, which is sufficient to constitute an indication under the ICZN. The full text description was published in 1838. [details] Distribution Northwestern Atlantic
Distribution Northwestern Atlantic [details]
Walter, T.C.; Boxshall, G. (2025). World of Copepods Database. Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer, 1837). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=135782 on 2025-07-20
Date action by
Nomenclatureoriginal description
(of Caligus salmonis Krøyer, 1837) Krøyer, H. (1837). Om Snyltekrebsene, isaer med Hensyn til den danske Fauna. III. Formbeskrivelser (Fortsaettelse).[Concerning parasitic Crustacea with special reference to the Danish fauna. ]. <em>Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift Ser. I.</em> 1(6): 605-628, pl. 6. page(s): plate 6 fig 7a-e, ; note: Kroyer named the species in 1837 and provided figures, but was not described until 1838 [details] original description (of Caligus salmonis Krøyer, 1837) Krøyer, H. (1838). Om Snyltekrebsene, isaer med Hensyn til den danske Fauna. III. Formbeskrivelser (Fortsaettelse). [On the Parasitic Crayfish, Especially with Regard to the Danish Fauna. III. Descriptions of Forms (Continued)]. <em>Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift Ser. I.</em> 2(1): 8-52, pl. 1. page(s): 13-15; note: text description of the figured 1837 plate [details] basis of record Boxshall, G. (2001). Copepoda (excl. Harpacticoida), <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 252-268 (look up in IMIS) [details] Otheradditional source
Brunel, P., L. Bosse & G. Lamarche. (1998). Catalogue of the marine invertebrates of the estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence. <em>Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 126.</em> 405 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
 [request]additional source Aarseth, K.A. & T.A Schram. (1999). Wavelength-specific behaviour in Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Calanus finmarchicus to ultraviolet and visible light in laboratory experiments (Crustacea: Copepoda). Marine Ecology Progress Series 186:211-217. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Andrade-Salas, O., C. Sommerville, R. Wootten, T. Turnbull, W. Melvin, T. Amezaga & M. Labus. (1993). Immunohistochemical screening and selection of monoclonal antibodies to salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer, 1837). <em>In: Boxshall, G.A. & D. Defaye (eds.). Pathogens of Wild and Farmed Fish. Sea Lice. Ellis Horwood, New York.</em> :323-334. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Hogans, W.E. (1995). Infection dynamics of sea lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligidae): Parasitic on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) cultured in marine waters of the lower Bay of Fundy. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2067:i-iv, 1-10. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Hogans, W.E. & D.J. Trudeau. (1989). Preliminary studies on the biology of sea lice, Caligus elongatus, Caligus curtus and Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligoida) parasitic on cage-cultured salmonids in the lower Bay of Fundy. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 1715:i-iv, 1-14. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Ritchie, G. (1997). The host transfer ability of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligidae) from farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. Journal of Fish Diseases 20(2): 153-157. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Ritchie, G., A.J. Mordue, A.W. Pike & G.H. Rae. (1996). Morphology and ultrastructure of the reproductive system of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer, 1837) (Copepoda: Caligidae). Journal of Crustacean Biology 16(2):330-346. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Ritchie, G., A.J. Mordue, A.W. Pike & G.H. Rae. (1996). Observations on mating and reproductive behaviour of Lepeophtheirus salmonis, Kroyer (Copepoda: Caligidae). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 201(1-2): 285-298. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Bruno, D.W. & J. Stone. (1990). The role of saithe, Pollachius virens L., as a host for the sea lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis Kroyer and Caligus elongatus Nordmann. Aquaculture 89(3-4):201-207. [details] additional source Birkeland, K & P.J. Jakobsen. (1997). Salmon lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, infestation as a causal agent of premature return to rivers and estuaries by sea trout, Salmo trutta, juveniles. Environmental Biology of Fishes 49(1):129-137. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Birkeland, K. (1996). Consequences of premature return by sea trout (Salmo trutta) infested with the salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis Kroyer): Migration, growth, and mortality. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 53(12):2808-2813. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Birkeland, K. (1996). Salmon lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, infestations and implications for anadramous brown trout, Salmo trutta. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. [details] additional source Bjorn, P.A. (1996). The effects of salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis Kroyer) infestation on sea trout (Salmo trutta L.) post smolt. M.Sc. Thesis, The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, University of Tromso, Norway. [details] additional source Bjørn, P.A. & B. Finstad. (1998). The development of salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) on artificially infected post smolts of sea trout (Salmo trutta). <em>Canadian Journal of Zoology.</em> 76(5):970-977. (v.1998). [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Boxaspen, K. (1997). Geographical and temporal variation in abundance of salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) on salmon (Salmo salar L.). ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea) Journal of Marine Science 54(6):1144-1147. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Boxaspen, K. & T. Naess. (1998). Development of eggs and planktonic (early life) stages of salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) at low temperatures. In: Proceedings and Abstracts of the 4th International Crustacean Congress, Amsterdam, 20-24 July 1998 [shelved under 'Proceedings'] :101. [abstract] [details] additional source Brandal, P.O. (1977). Neguvon (0,0-dimetyl-1-hydroksy-2,2,2-trikloretylfosfonat), et organofosfat til behandling av laks, Salmo salar, infisert med lakselus, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, Kroyer (Copepoda: Caligidae). (Neguvon (0,0-dimethyl-1-hydroxy-2,2,2-trichlorethylphosphonate) Master's Thesis, University of Bergen, Norway. (In Norwegian.) [details] additional source Brandal, P.O. & E. Egidius. (1977). Preliminary report on oral treatment against salmon lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, with neguvon. <em>Aquaculture.</em> 10:177-178. [details] additional source Brandal, P.O. & E. Egidius. (1979). Treatment of salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis Kroyer, 1838) with Neguvon. Description of method and equipment. Aquaculture 18(2):183-188, figs. 1-6. (x-1979) [details] additional source Brandal, P.O., E. Egidius & I. Romslo. (1976). Host blood: a major food component for the parasitic copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis Kröyer, 1838 (Crustacea: Caligidae). Norwegian Journal of Zoology 24(4):341-343, figs. 1-3. (xii-1976) [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Bron, J.E. (1993). A study of the biology and behaviour of the copepodid larvae of the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer, 1837) (Copepoda: Caligidae). <em>Doctoral dissertation, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland.</em> 401 pp. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Bron, J.E. & C. Sommerville. (1998). The functional and comparative morphology of the photoreceptors of the copepodid larva of the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer, 1837) (Crustacea: Copepoda, Caligidae). <em>Zoologischer Anzeiger.</em> 237(2-3):113-126. (xii.1998). [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Bron, J.E. & J.W. Treasurer. (1992). Sea lice (Caligidae) on wrasse (Labridae) from selected British wild and salmon-farm sources. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 72(3):645-650, tabs. 1-2. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Bron, J.E., C. Sommerville & G.H. Rae. (1990). Mode of settlement and attachment of larval stages of the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer 1838) (Copepoda: Caligidae). In: World Association of Copepodologists: Fourth International Conference on Copepoda, Karuizawa, Japan, 16-20 September 1990. Program and Abstracts: :47. (Abstract.) [details] additional source Bron, J.E., C. Sommerville & G.H. Rae. (1993). Aspects of the behaviour of copepodid larvae of the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer, 1837). In: Boxshall, G.A. & D. Defaye (eds.). Pathogens of Wild and Farmed Fish: Sea Lice. Ellis Horwood, New York :125-142. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Bron, J.E., C. Sommerville & G.H. Rae. (1993). The functional morphology of the alimentary canal of larval stages of the parasitic copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis. <em>Journal of Zoology, London.</em> 230(2):207-220, fig. 1, pls. 1-2., available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1993.tb02683.x [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Bron, J.E., C. Sommerville, M. Jones & G.H. Rae. (1991). The settlement and attachment of early stages of the salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligidae) on the salmon host, Salmo salar. Journal of Zoology, London 224:201-212, figs. 1-2, pls. 1-2. (12.vi.1991). [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Bron, J.E., C. Sommerville, R. Wootten & G.H. Rae. (1993). Influence of treatment with dichlorvos on the epidemiology of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer, 1837) and Caligus elongatus Nordmann, 1832 on Scottish salmon farms. In: Boxshall, G.A. & D. Defaye (eds.). Pathogens of Wild and Farmed Fish. Sea Lice. Ellis Horwood, New York :263-274. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Bron, J.E., C. Sommerville, R. Wootten & G.H. Rae. (1993). Fallowing of marine Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., farms as a method for the control of sea lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer, 1837). <em>Journal of Fish Diseases.</em> 16:487-493., available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1993.tb00882.x [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Carli, A. & C.L. Bruzzone. (1978). Recherches sur les Copépodes parasites des poissons du golfe de Gascogne. Lepeophtheirus salmonis Kröyer, 1838 (Copepoda: Caligidae). III ème contribution. [Research on Copepod parasites of fish in the Bay of Biscay. Lepeophtheirus salmonis Kröyer, 1838 (Copepoda: Caligidae). Third contribution.]. <em>Annuario dell'Istituto e del Museo di Zoologia dell'Università di Napoli.</em> 22:61-76, figs. 1-23, tabs. 1-2. (22-xii-1978). [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Costelloe, M., J. Costelloe, N. Roche & B. O'Connor. (1996). Studies on sea lice larvae Lepeophtheirus salmonis Kroyer on the West Coast of Ireland. In: Keegan, B.F. & R. O'Connor (eds.). Irish Marine Science ,Galway University Press Ltd., Galway. 1995:303-324. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Dawson, L.H.J. (1996). Physiological, behavioural and pathological effects of sea lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer, 1837), on salmonids. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland. [details] additional source Dawson, L.H.J. (1998). The physiological effects of salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) infections on returning post-smolt sea trout (Salmo trutta L.) in western Ireland, 1996). ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea) Journal of Marine Science 55(2):193-200. (iv.1998) [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Dawson, L.H.J., A.W. Pike, D.F. Houlihan & A.H. McVicar. (1997). Comparison of the susceptibility of sea trout (Salmo trutta L.) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) to sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer, 1837)) infections. ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea) Journal of Marine Science 54(6):1129-1139. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Dawson, L.H.J., A.W. Pike, D.F. Houlihan & A.H. McVicar. (1998). Effects of salmon lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis on sea trout Salmo trutta at different times after seawater transfer. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 33(3):179-186. (30.vii.1998) [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Dawson, L.H.J., A.W. Pike, D.F. Houlihan & A.H. McVicar. (1998). Detection of mitotic activity in the epidermis of sea trout, Salmo trutta L., infected with sea lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer, 1837) using bromodeoxyuridine staining. In: Barnes, A.C., G.A. Davidson, M.P. Hiney & D. McIntosh (eds.). Methodology in Fish Diseases Research. Fisheries Research Services, Aberdeen :265-270. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Egidius, E. (1985). Parasitisme du saumon par Lepeophtheirus salmonis. [Salmon lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis.]. <em>Fiches d'Identification des Maladies et Parasites des Poissons, Crustacés et Mollusques.</em> 26:1-4, figs. 1-3. [details] additional source Ellis, A.E., N. Masson & A.L.S. Munro. (1990). A comparison of proteases extracted from Caligus elongatus (Nordmann, 1832) and Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer, 1838). <em>Journal of Fish Diseases, Oxford, U.K.</em> 13(2):163-165., available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1990.tb00769.x [details] additional source Fast, M.D. (2005). Host immunomodulation by Lepeophtheirus salmonis. <em>Ph.D. Thesis, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.</em> 246 pp. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Finstad, B., B.O. Johnsen & N.A. Hvidsten. (1994). Prevalence and mean intensity of salmon lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis Kroyer, infection on wild Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., postsmolts. Aquaculture Fisheries Management 25:761-764. [details] additional source Finstad, B., P.A. Bjørn & S.T. Nilsen. (1995). Survival of salmon lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis Kroyer, on Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L.), in fresh water. <em>Aquaculture Research.</em> 26(10):791-795. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Freeman, M.A., A.S. Bell & C. Sommerville. (2003). A hyperparasitic microsporidian infecting the salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis: an rDNA-based molecular phylogenetic study. <em>Journal of Fish Diseases.</em> 26(11-12):667-676. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Galbraith, M.D. (2005). Identification of larval stages of Caligus clemensi and Lepeophtheirus salmonis from the Broughton Archipelago. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 548: 1-21. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Heuch, P.A. (1995). Experimental evidence for aggregation of salmon louse copepodids (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) in steep salinity gradients. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 75:927-939. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Heuch, P.A. (1996). Host-finding in the parasitic copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis. Dr. Scient. Thesis, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. [details] additional source Heuch, P.A. & H.E. Karlsen. (1997). Detection of infrasonic water oscillations by copepodids of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligida). <em>Journal of Plankton Research.</em> 19(6):735-747. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Heuch, P.A., A. Parsons & K. Boxaspen. (1995). Diel vertical migration: A possible host-finding mechanism in salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) copepodids? Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52:681-689. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Gresty, K.A. & A. Warren. (1993). Incidence of ciliate epibionts on Lepeophtheirus salmonis from salmon in Japan and Scotland: a scanning electron microscopic study. In: Boxshall, G.A. & D. Defaye (eds.). Pathogens of wild and farmed fish: sea lice. Ellis Horwood, New York, London etc. 1-378. :356-363. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Gresty, K.A., G.A. Boxshall & K. Nagasawa. (1993). Antennulary sensors of the infective copepodid larva of the salmon louse, Lepeophtheiris salmonis (Copepoda: Caligidae). In: Boxshall, G.A. & D. Defaye (eds.). Pathogens of Wild and Farmed Fish. Sea Lice. Ellis Horwood, New York :83-98. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Grimnes, A. F. (1994). Salmon lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis infestations on Atlantic salmon Salmo salar: Physiological consequences and mortal impact. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. [details] additional source Gusev, A.V. (1951). Parazitičeskie Copepoda s nekotoryh morskih ryb. [Parasitic Copepoda of some marine fishes.]. <em>Parazitičeskij sbornik Zoologičeskogo instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR.</em> 13: 394-463, figs. 1-37. (Russian). [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Gusev, A.V. (1987). Class Crustacea Lamarck, 1801. <em>In: Bauer, O.N. (ed.). Opredelitel' parazitov presnovodnykh ryb SSSR. [Key to the Parasites of Freshwater Fishes of the USSR.] Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR, Zoologicheskii Instituta SSSR. Nauka, Leningrad.</em> 3(149):378-432. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Jaworski, A. & J.C. Holm. (1992). Distribution and structure of the population of sea lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis Kroyer, on Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., under typical rearing conditions. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23(5):577-589. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Jacobsen, J.A. & E. Gaard. (1997). Open-ocean infestation by salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis): Comparison of wild and escaped farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea) Journal of Marine Science 54(6):1113-1119. [details] additional source Ho, J.S. & K. Nagasawa. (2001). Why infestation by Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligidaae) is not a problem in the Coho salmon Farming industry in Japan. Journal of Crustacean Biology 21(4):954-960 [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Hull, M.Q., A.W. Pike, A.J. Mordue & G.H. Rae. (1998). Should I stay or should I go? New on- and off-host parasite data having implications for inter-host transfer of Lepeophtheirus salmonis. In: Proceedings and Abstracts of the 4th International Crustacean Congress, Amsterdam, 20-24 July 1998 [shelved under 'Proceedings'] :116. [abstract] [details] additional source Hull, M.Q., A.W. Pike, A.J. Mordue & G.H. Rae. (1998). Patterns of pair formation and mating in an ectoparasitic caligid copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer 1837): Implications for its sensory and mating biology. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Biological Sciences 353(1369):753-764. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Jackson, D. & D. Minchin. (1992). Aspects of the reproductive output of two caligid copepod species parasitic on cultivated salmon. <em>Invertebrate Reproduction and Development.</em> 22(1-3):87-90., available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.1992.9672260 [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Jenkins, P.G., T.H. Grayson, J.V. Hone, A.B. Wrathmell, M.L. Gilpin, J.E. Harris & C.B. Munn. (1993). The extraction and analysis of potential candidate vaccine antigens from the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer, 1837). <em>In: Boxshall, G.A. & D. Defaye (eds.). Pathogens of Wild and Farmed Fish. Sea Lice. Ellis Horwood, New York.</em> :311-322. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Johannessen, A. (1978). Early stages of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda, Caligidae). Sarsia 63(3):169-176, figs. 1-4, tabs. 1-4. (20-iv-1978) [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Johnson, S.C. (1993). A comparison of development and growth rates of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligidae) on naive Atlantic (Salmo salar) and chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) salmon. In: Boxshall, G.A. & D. Defaye (eds.). Pathogens of wild and farmed fish: sea lice. Ellis Horwood, New York, London etc. 378pp. :68-80. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Johnson, S.C. & L. Margolis. (1993). Efficacy of ivermectin for the control of the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis on Atlantic salmon. <em>Diseases of Aquatic Organisms.</em> 17:101-105. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Johnson, S.C. & L.J. Albright. (1991). The development stages of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer, 1837) (Copepoda: Caligidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology 69(4):929-950. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Johnson, S.C. & L.J. Albright. (1991). Development, growth, and survival of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligidae) under laboratory conditions. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 71(2):425-436, figs. 1-5, tabs. 1-3. (v-1991) [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Johnson, S.C. & L.J. Albright. (1992). Comparative susceptibility and histopathology of the response of naive Atlantic, Chinook, and Coho Salmon to infection with the Salmon Louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis. <em>Diseases of Aquatic Organisms.</em> 14:179-193. Dce 1992. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Johnson, S.C., J.M. Constible & J. Richard. (1993). Laboratory investigations on the efficacy of hydrogen peroxide against the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis and its toxicological and histopathological effects on Atlantic salmon Salmo salar and chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 17:197-204. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Johnson, S.C., J.N.C. White & L. Margolis. (1993). The efficacy of hydrogen peroxide against the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis, its toxicological effects on Atlantic and chinook salmon, its stability in sea water, and its toxic effects on some non-target species. Aquaculture Update 63:1-6. [details] additional source Jónasdóttir, S.H., J.E. Bron, R. Wootten & J.F. Turnbull. (1992). The histopathology associated with the pre-adult and adult stages of Lepeophtheirus salmonis on the Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. <em>Journal of Fish Diseases.</em> 15(6):521-527., available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1992.tb00684.x [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Jones, M.W., C. Sommerville & R. Wootten. (1992). Reduced sensitivity of the salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis to the organophosphate dichlorvos. <em>Journal of Fish Diseases.</em> 15(2):197-202., available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1992.tb00654.x [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Kabata, Z. (1979). Parasitic Copepoda of British Fishes. <em>The Ray Society, London.</em> 152: i-xii, 1-468, figs. 1-203. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Karasev, A.B., O.G. Kuzmin, B. Finstad & S.T. Nilsen. (1997). Occurrence and levels of infestation of salmon lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis on wild salmon of the White Sea. ICES CM (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, Council Meeting) 1997/M:4, Ref.:F: 6 pp. [details] additional source Margolis, L. (1958). The identity of the species of Lepeophtheirus (Copepoda) on Pacific salmon (genus Oncorhynchus) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Canadian Journal of Zoology 36:889-892. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Margolis, L. & B. Berland. (1984). A nomenclatural note concerning Binoculus salmoneus Müller, 1785 and Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer, 1837) (Copepoda: Caligidae). Sarsia 69:219. (29-xii-1984) [details] Available for editors [request]additional source McLean, P.H., G.W. Smith & M.J. Wilson. (1990). Residence time of the sea louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis K., on Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., after immersion in fresh water. Journal of Fish Biology 37(2):311-314. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Markevich, A.P. (1937). Copepoda parasitica prisnikh vod SRSR. Copepoda parasitica der Binnengewässer der USSR. [Copepods parasitic on freshwater fishes of the USSR.]. <em>Institut Zoologii i Biologii, Akademiya Nauk Ukrainii SSR, Kiev.</em> :1-223, figs. 1-10, pls. 1-27. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Markevich, A.P. (1956). Paraziticheskie veslonogie ryb SSSR. [Parasitic copepods of fishes of the USSR.]. <em>Akademiya Nauk Ukraine SSR, Institut Zoology, Kiev.</em> 259 pp. figs. 1-153. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source McAndrew, K.J., C. Sommerville, R. Wootten & J.E. Bron. (1998). The effects of hydrogen peroxide treatment on different life-cycle stages of the salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer, 1837). Journal of Fish Diseases 21(3):221-228., available online at https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.1998.00096.x [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Nagasawa, K. (1987). Prevalence and abundance of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligidae) on high seas salmon and trout in the North Pacific Ocean. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries (= Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi) 53(12):2151-2156. (Japanese summary, unpaginated.) [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Nagasawa, K. (1990). Notes on parasites of aquatic organisms, 11. Fish louse Argulus japonicus and salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis. <em>Aquabiology, Tokyo.</em> 12(5):410-411. (In Japanese). [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Mo, T.A. & P.A. Heuch. (1998). Occurrence of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligidae) on sea trout (Salmo trutta) in the inner Oslo Fjord, south-eastern Norway. ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea) Journal of Marine Science 55(2):176-180. (iv.1998), available online at https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.1997.0359 [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Nagasawa, K. & F. Yanagisawa. (1992). The salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, found on a chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawyttscha, from central Honshu, Japan, with the southernmost records of their distribution. Nanki Seibutu 34(1):49-50. (Japanese with English summary.) [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Nagasawa, K. & S. Sakamoto. (1993). Infection of the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligidae) on seawater-farmed salmonids in northern Honshu, Japan. Fish Pathology (Gyobyo Kenkyu), University of Tokyo 28(3):143-144. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Nagasawa, K. & T. Takami. (1993). Host utilization by the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligidae) in the Sea of Japan. Journal of Parasitology 79(1):127-130. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Nagasawa, K., T. Takami & Y. Murakami. (1994). Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligidae) from white-spotted charr (Salvelina leucomaenis), juvenile chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta), and Japanese dace (Tribolodon hakonensis) from northern Japan. <em>Scientific Reports of the Hokkaido Fish Hatchery.</em> 48:95-97. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Nagasawa, K., Y. Ishida, M. Ogura, K. Tadokoro & K. Hiramatsu. (1993). The abundance and distribution of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligidae) on six species of Pacific salmon in offshore waters of the North Pacific ocean and Bering Sea. In: Boxshall, G.A. & D. Defaye (eds.). Pathogens of wild and farmed fish. Sea Lice. Ellis Horwood, New York :166-178. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Noack, P.T., L.M. Laird & I.G. Priede. (1997). Carotenoids of sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) as potential indicators of host Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) origin. <em>ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea) Journal of Marine Science.</em> 54(6):1140-1143. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Nylund, A., C. Wallace & T. Hovland. (1993). The possible role of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer) in the transmission of infectious salmon anaemia. In: Boxshall, G.A. & D. Defaye (eds.). Pathogens of wild and farmed fish: sea lice. Ellis Horwood, New York, London etc. 1-378. :367-373. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Nylund, A., S. Okland & B. Bjorknes. (1992). Anatomy and ultrastructure of the alimentary canal in Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida). Journal of Crustacean Biology 12(3):423-437. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Nylund, A., S. Okland, C. Wallace & P. Jakobsen. (1992). Lepeophtheirus salmonis: A) anatomy and ultrastructure of the alimentary canal. B) A vector and a hide-out for fish pathogenic bacteria? In: Noel, P. (ed.). Proceedings of the First European Crustacean Conference, Paris, August 31-September 5, 1992 (Abstracts) :110. (Abstract) [details] additional source O'Donoghue, G., M. Costelloe & J. Costelloe. (1998). Development of a management strategy for the reduction/elimination of sea lice larvae, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, parasites of farmed salmon and trout. <em>Marine Resources Series, Marine Institute, Dublin Ireland.</em> No. 6:1-51. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Pike, A.W. & K. MacKenzie. (1992). The structure and development of the frontal filaments of Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Caligus elongatus. In: Noel, P. (ed.). Proceedings of the First European Crustacean Conference, Paris, August 31-September 5, 1992 (Abstracts) :116. (Abstract) [details] additional source Ritchie, G. (1993). Studies on the reproductive biology of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer, 1838) on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, L.). <em>Ph.D. Thesis, Aberdeen University, Faculty of Biological Science, Aberdeen.</em> 146 pp., available online at https://abdn.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/delivery/44ABE_INST:44ABE_VU1/12153447540005941 [details] additional source Rolland, J.B. & A. Nylund. (1998). Infectiousness on organic materials originating in ISA-infected fish and transmission via salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis). Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists 18(5):173-180. [details] additional source Roth, M., R.H. Richards & C. Sommerville. (1993). Preliminary studies on the efficacy of two pyrethroid compounds, resmethrin and lambdacyhalothrin, for the treatment of sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) infestations of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). In: Boxshall, G.A. & D. Defaye (eds.). Pathogens of Wild and Farmed Fish. Sea Lice. Ellis Horwood, New York :275-289. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Schram, T.A. (1993). Supplementary descriptions of the developmental stages of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer, 1837) (Copepoda: Caligidae). In: Boxshall, G.A. & D. Defaye (eds.). Pathogens of wild and farmed fish: sea lice. Ellis Horwood, New York, London etc. 378pp. :30-47. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Schram, T.A., J.A. Knutsen, P.A. Heuch & T.A. Mo. (1998). Seasonal occurrence of Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Caligus elongatus (Copepoda: Caligidae) on sea trout (Salmo trutta), off southern Norway. ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea) Journal of Marine Science 55(2):163-175. (iv.1998), available online at https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.1997.0357 [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Shiino, S.M. (1959). Sammlung der parasitischen Copepoden in der Präfectur Universität von Mie. [Collection of parasitic copepods at Mie Prefectural University.]. <em>Reports of the Faculty of Fisheries, Prefectural University of Mie.</em> 3(2):334-374, figs. 1-17. (30-xi-1959). [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Skern-Mauritzen, R., P. Frost, L.A. Hamre, H. Kongshaug & F. Nilsen. (2007). Molecular characterization and classification of a clip domain containing peptidase from the ectoparasite Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda, Crustacea). <em>Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.</em> 146(2):289-298., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpb.2006.11.014 [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Urawa, S., T. Kato & A. Kumagai. (1998). A status of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligidae) on seawater-cultured coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and rainbow trout (O. mykiss) in Japan. Bulletin of the National Salmon Resources Center 1:35-38. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Tjensvoll, K. (2006). Studies on the mitochondrial genome and rDNA genes from the salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis. <em>Ph.D. Thesis, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.</em> 61 pp. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Todd, C.D., A.M. Walker, K. Wolff, S.J. Northcott, A.F. Walker, M.G. Ritchie, R. Hoskins, R.J. Abbott & N. Hazon. (1997). Genetic differentiation of populations of the copepod sea louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer) ectoparasitic on wild and farmed salmonids around the coasts of Scotland: evidence from RAPD markers. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 210(2):251-274. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Tully, O. & K.F. Whelan. (1993). Production of nauplii of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer) (Copepopda: Caligidae) from farmed and wild salmon and its relation to the infestation of wild sea trout (Salmo trutta L.) off the west coast of Ireland in 1991. <em>Fisheries Research, Amsterdam.</em> 17(1-2):187-200., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-7836(93)90018-3 [details] additional source Tully, O., W.R. Poole & K.F. Whelan. (1993). Infestation parameters for Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer) (Copepoda: Caligidae) parasitic on sea trout, Salmo trutta L., off the west coast of Ireland during 1990 and 1991. <em>Aquaculture and Fisheries Management.</em> 24(4):545-555., available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1993.tb00629.x [details] additional source Vu, S.N., R. Marchand, T.V. Tien & N.V. Binh. (1998). Dengue vector control in Vietnam using Mesocyclops through community participation. Dengue Bulletin 22:96-104. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Wadsworth, S.L. (1998). The control of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligidae) (Kroyer, 1837) on Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. production sites. PhD Thesis, Dept. of Zoology, Univ. of Aberdeen., Aberdeen, Scotland. [details] additional source Walday, P. & F. Fonnum. (1989). Cholinergic activity in different stages of sealice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology (C)93(1):143-147. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source White, H.C. (1942). Life history of Lepeophtheirus salmonis. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 6(1):24-29, figs. 1-2. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Wilson, C.B. (1905). North American parasitic copepods belonging to the family Caligidae. Part 1.- The Caliginae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 28(1404):479-672, pls. 5-29. (23-vi-1905). [details] additional source Wootten, R., J.W. Smith & E.A. Needham. (1982). Aspects of the biology of the parasitic copepods Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Caligus elongatus on farmed salmonids, and their treatment. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Section B, Biological Sciences 81(3):185-197, figs. 1-2, pls. 1-2. (15-vii-1982) [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Johnson, S.C. (1991). The biology of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer, 1837) (Copepoda: Caligidae). Ph.D. Thesis, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada. 310 pp. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Roth, M. (1992). Studies on aspects of the chemotherapeutic control of the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis Krøyer 1837 (Copepoda: Caligidae). <em>Ph.D. Thesis, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, U.K.</em> 322 pp. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Johnson, S.C. & L.J. Albright. (1992). Effects of cortisol implants on the susceptibility and the histopathology of the responses of naive coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch to experimantal infection with Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligidaae). Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 14:195-205. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Wilson, C.B. (1932). The copepods of the Woods Hole region, Massachusetts. <em>Bulletin of the United States National Museum.</em> 158:1-635, figs. 1-316, pls. 1-41. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Harasimczuk, E., A.C. Øvergard, S. Grotmol, F. Nilsen & S. Dalvin. (2018). Characterization of three salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) genes with fibronectin II domains expressed by tegumental type 1 glands. <em>Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology.</em> 219:1-9., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molbiopara.2017.12.002 [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Kim, I.H. (2008). Invertebrate fauna of Korea. Arthropoda: Crustacea: Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida: Calgidae, Sea Lice. <em>National Institute of Biological Resources, Inchon, South Korea.</em> 21(1):75 pp. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Berger, V.Y. (1970). Deistvie morskoi vody raznoi solenosti na Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kröyer) i ektoparazita semgi. [The effect of sea water of different salinity on Lepeophtheirus salmonis, an ectoparasite of salmon.]. <em>Parazitologiya.</em> 4(2):136-138, fig. 1-2. (25-iii-1970, Russian with English summary). [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Andrade-Salas, O. (1997). Feeding and digestion In the ectoparasitic copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer, 1837). <em>Ph.D. Thesis, University of Stirling, UK.</em> 311 pp. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Gravil, H.R. (1996). Studies on the biology and ecology of the free swimming larval stages of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer, 1838) and Caligus elongatus Nordmann, 1832 (Copepoda: Caligidae). <em>PhD Thesis, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK.</em> 292 pp., available online at http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2380 [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Messmer, A.M. (2014). Evaluation of population structure in Pacific Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer) using polymorphic single nucleotide and microsatellite genetic markers: evidence for high gene flow among host species and habitats. <em>M.Sc. Thesis, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.</em> 116 pp., available online at http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5620 [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Harðardóttir, H.M. (2021). Chitin synthesis in the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis. <em>Ph.D. Thesis, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.</em> 80 pp. + Appendices I-III., available online at https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2759154 [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Thompson, C.R.S. (2022). The salmon louse larval black box: evaluating fecundity and enumerating planktonic stages with an aquaculture management perspective. <em>Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.</em> 101 pp., available online at https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2999964 [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Hastein, T. & T. Bergsjo. (1976). The salmon lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis as the cause of disease in farmed salmonids. <em>Rivista Italiana di Piscicoltura e Ittiopatologia.</em> 11(1)1-3, figs. 1-3. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Borchel, A., H. Kongshaug & F. Nilsen. (2019). Identification and Description of the Key Molecular Components of the Egg Strings of the Salmon Louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis). <em>Genes (Basel).</em> 10(12):1-17., available online at https://doi.org/10.3390/genes10121004 [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Taccardi, E. (2020). Biophysical and stable isotopic profiles of the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer, 1837). <em>Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA.</em> 84 pp. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Øvergård, A.C., A. Borchel , C. Eichner, S. Hjertaker, J. Nagata, H.M.D. Midtbø, P.A. Nelson, F. Nilsen & L.A. Hamre. (2025). The generalist Caligus elongatus is better at dampening the Atlantic salmon immune response than the salmonid specialist Lepeophtheirus salmonis. <em>Fish and Shellfish Immunology.</em> 160:1-15., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110225 [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Gardner, K. (2024). Assessing Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) Diets in Canadian Sea Cages Using Morphological and DNA Metabarcoding Analyses. <em>M.Sc. Thesis, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.</em> 104 pp., available online at https://hdl.handle.net/10214/28810 [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Roy, J.L. & E.G. Boulding. (2024). Comparison of DNA metabarcoding and morphological diet analysis of lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) as methods of estimating sea lice cleaning efficacy inside commercial Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) sea cages. <em>Aquaculture.</em> 586:1-11., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.740817 [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Ciani, E., M. Stormoen, S.I. Antonsen, F. Nilsen, E.H. Jorgensen & A.Z. Komisarczuk. (2025). Optimization of calcium oxide treatment against salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis). A controlled laboratory study. <em>Aquaculture Reports.</em> 43: Sep 2025., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102894 [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Sveen, L., M.D. Fast, T. Tengs, R.A. Kline, J.A. Marti, D. Kurian, G. Timmerhaus, M. Vaadal, R.D. Houston, J.E. Bron, S.J Monaghan, H.H. Mohammed, R.R. Daniels, S. Salisbury, D. Robledo, M. Braceland, M. Hansen & N. Robinson. (2025). Local inflammation at the salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) attachment site contributes to copepodid rejection in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). <em>Cell And Tissue Research.</em> : Jun 2025., available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-025-03976-0 [details] additional source Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). , available online at http://www.itis.gov [details]  Present Present in aphia/obis/gbif/idigbio Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
Distribution Northern hemisphere, all salmon inhabited waters [details]Taxonomy The original description of L. salmonis is Kroyer, 1837. The paper contains an illustration of L. salmonis (as Caligus salmonis) plus the name in the figure legend, which is sufficient to constitute an indication under the ICZN. The full text description was published in 1838. [details] Unreviewed
Distribution Northwestern Atlantic [details]Habitat ectoparasite found on Salmo salar and Salvelinus fontinalis [details]
To Barcode of Life (446 barcodes)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (50 publications) To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL) To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) To GenBank (605999 nucleotides; 92855 proteins) To PESI To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Arthropoda Collection (50 records) To ITIS From editor or global species database
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