WoRMS name details
Antipathes irregularis Verrill, 1928
411112 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:411112)
uncertain > taxon inquirendum (axis of gorgonian)
Species
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
recent only
Cooper, F.C. (1909). Antipatharia. <em>Transactions of the Linnean Society (London). Ser.2.</em> 12: 301-321.
page(s): 319, 320 [details]
Verrill, A.E. (1928). Hawaiian shallow water Anthozoa. <em>Bulletin of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum.</em> 49: 1-30, pls. 1-5., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38875672
page(s): 10 [details]
page(s): 319, 320 [details]
Verrill, A.E. (1928). Hawaiian shallow water Anthozoa. <em>Bulletin of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum.</em> 49: 1-30, pls. 1-5., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38875672
page(s): 10 [details]
Note the lack of skeletal spination indicates that...
From editor or global species database
Type material the lack of skeletal spination indicates that this is a gorgonian rather than an antipatharian... [details]
Homonymy Junior homonym of Antipathes irregularis (Thomson & Simpson, 1905)
Homonymy Junior homonym of Antipathes irregularis (Thomson & Simpson, 1905) [details]
Molodtsova, T.; Opresko, D. (2026). World List of Antipatharia. Antipathes irregularis Verrill, 1928. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=411112 on 2026-02-18
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Nomenclature
original description
Cooper, F.C. (1909). Antipatharia. <em>Transactions of the Linnean Society (London). Ser.2.</em> 12: 301-321.
page(s): 319, 320 [details]
original description Verrill, A.E. (1928). Hawaiian shallow water Anthozoa. <em>Bulletin of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum.</em> 49: 1-30, pls. 1-5., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38875672
page(s): 10 [details]
basis of record Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
page(s): 319, 320 [details]
original description Verrill, A.E. (1928). Hawaiian shallow water Anthozoa. <em>Bulletin of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum.</em> 49: 1-30, pls. 1-5., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38875672
page(s): 10 [details]
basis of record Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
Identification resource
identification resource
Opresko, D. M. (1974). A study of the classification of the Antipatharia (Coelenterata:Anthozoa) with re-descriptions of eleven species. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Miami, 193 pp.• Miami, FL.
page(s): 24, 26, 46; note: "probably not antipatharian" [details]
identification resource Grigg, R. W.; Opresko, D. M. (1977). Order Antipatharia: black corals. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin, 64(1): 242-261
page(s): 243; note: "Prior to this work only three species of antipatharians had been described from Hawaiian waters. Two of these species - Antipathes grandis and Antipathes irregularis - were originally described by Ve...
[details]
page(s): 24, 26, 46; note: "probably not antipatharian" [details]
identification resource Grigg, R. W.; Opresko, D. M. (1977). Order Antipatharia: black corals. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin, 64(1): 242-261
page(s): 243; note: "Prior to this work only three species of antipatharians had been described from Hawaiian waters. Two of these species - Antipathes grandis and Antipathes irregularis - were originally described by Ve...
"Prior to this work only three species of antipatharians had been described from Hawaiian waters. Two of these species - Antipathes grandis and Antipathes irregularis - were originally described by Verrill (1928). The first species is valid, and it is used extensively in the black coral jewelry industry. The second species, which was taken from the stomach of a shark, has been re-examined , and the lack of skeletal spination indicates that this is a gorgonian rather than an antipatharian..."
Other
context source (Hexacorallia)
Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Opresko, D. 1996. New species of black coral (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Caribbean. Bulletin of Marine Science 58 (1):289-300
page(s): 299 [details]
additional source van Pesch, A. J. 1914. The Antipatharia of the Siboga Expedition.Siboga-Expeditie Monographes. 17: 1-258, available online at https://doi.org/10.5962/t.173163
page(s): 5, 7 [details]
additional source Opresko, D. 1996. New species of black coral (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Caribbean. Bulletin of Marine Science 58 (1):289-300
page(s): 299 [details]
additional source van Pesch, A. J. 1914. The Antipatharia of the Siboga Expedition.Siboga-Expeditie Monographes. 17: 1-258, available online at https://doi.org/10.5962/t.173163
page(s): 5, 7 [details]
