WoRMS taxon details
Sclerophyllia Klunzinger, 1879
766582 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:766582)
accepted
Genus
Sclerophyllia margariticola Klunzinger, 1879 (type by monotypy)
marine, fresh, terrestrial
Klunzinger CB. (1879). Die Korallthiere des Rothen Meeres, 3. Theil: Die Steinkorallen. Zweiter Abschnitt: Die Asteraeaceen und Fungiaceen. 1-100, pls. 1-10. Gutmann, Berlin. [details] 
Description 'Polypar mit sehr entwickelter Epithek, an der Basis breit, aufgewachsen, im Alter nicht frei, nieder, ziemlich breit....
Description 'Polypar mit sehr entwickelter Epithek, an der Basis breit, aufgewachsen, im Alter nicht frei, nieder, ziemlich breit. Rippen in der Nähe des Kelchrandes wohl entwickelt, oben mit einigen Dörnchen, weiter herab durch die Epithek ganz verdeckt. Septa debordirend, breit, zahlreich; die grösseren dick, sehr grob und ungleich gezähnt, auch innen und unten. Die Columella hat die Tendenz, compact zu werden. Auch die Interseptalräume der Kelche zeigen die Neigung, sich auszufüllen mit compacter Substanz.' (Klunzinger, 1879: 4) [details]
Hoeksema, B. W.; Cairns, S. (2024). World List of Scleractinia. Sclerophyllia Klunzinger, 1879. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=766582 on 2024-04-24
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original description
Klunzinger CB. (1879). Die Korallthiere des Rothen Meeres, 3. Theil: Die Steinkorallen. Zweiter Abschnitt: Die Asteraeaceen und Fungiaceen. 1-100, pls. 1-10. Gutmann, Berlin. [details]
context source (Hexacorallia) Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source de Blainville, H. M. (1830). Zoophytes. In: Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles, dans lequel on traitre méthodiquement des differéns êtres de la nature, considérés soit en eux-mêmes, d'après l'état actuel de nos connoissances, soit relativement à l'utlité qu'en peuvent retirer la médicine, l'agriculture, le commerce et les arts. Edited by F. G. Levrault. Tome 60. Paris, Le Normat. Pp. 548, pls. 68. <em>Paris, 1830.</em> 60 : 1-546., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25318344 [details]
additional source Arrigoni R, Berumen ML, Terraneo TI, Caragnano A, Bouwmeester J, Benzoni F. (2015). Forgotten in the taxonomic literature: resurrection of the scleractinian coral genus Sclerophyllia (Scleractinia, Lobophylliidae) from the Arabian Peninsula and its phylogenetic relationships. <em>Systematics and Biodiversity 13: 140-163.</em> , available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2014.978915 [details]
additional source Huang D, Arrigoni R, Benzoni F, Fukami H, Knowlton N, Smith ND, Stolarski J, Chou LM, Budd AF. (2016). Taxonomic classification of the reef coral family Lobophylliidae (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Scleractinia). <em>Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society.</em> 178(3): 436-481., available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12391 [details]
context source (Hexacorallia) Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source de Blainville, H. M. (1830). Zoophytes. In: Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles, dans lequel on traitre méthodiquement des differéns êtres de la nature, considérés soit en eux-mêmes, d'après l'état actuel de nos connoissances, soit relativement à l'utlité qu'en peuvent retirer la médicine, l'agriculture, le commerce et les arts. Edited by F. G. Levrault. Tome 60. Paris, Le Normat. Pp. 548, pls. 68. <em>Paris, 1830.</em> 60 : 1-546., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25318344 [details]
additional source Arrigoni R, Berumen ML, Terraneo TI, Caragnano A, Bouwmeester J, Benzoni F. (2015). Forgotten in the taxonomic literature: resurrection of the scleractinian coral genus Sclerophyllia (Scleractinia, Lobophylliidae) from the Arabian Peninsula and its phylogenetic relationships. <em>Systematics and Biodiversity 13: 140-163.</em> , available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2014.978915 [details]
additional source Huang D, Arrigoni R, Benzoni F, Fukami H, Knowlton N, Smith ND, Stolarski J, Chou LM, Budd AF. (2016). Taxonomic classification of the reef coral family Lobophylliidae (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Scleractinia). <em>Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society.</em> 178(3): 436-481., available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12391 [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
Comparison The well-developed epitheca is an unambiguous synapomorphy (likelihood of 1.00 based on the Mk1 model) recovered for the Sclerophyllia clade. The two members of this genus share all the micromorphological characteristics analysed here, including those that have been illustrated by Arrigoni et al. (2015), i.e. high elliptical septal teeth parallel to the septum, irregular lobate tips, wide tooth spacing (> 1 mm), granules scattered on the septal face, and a palisade interarea. Sclerophyllia is closely related to Moseleya. They form a monophyletic group on the morphological tree and a paraphyletic grade on the molecular tree. However, they are separated based on the more common presence of weak to moderate paliform lobes, reduced epitheca and smaller tooth spacing in Moseleya. Monostomatous Sclerophyllia specimens are always of the species S. margariticola. The only other lobophylliid taxon that is exclusively monostomatous is Cynarina. [details]Description 'Polypar mit sehr entwickelter Epithek, an der Basis breit, aufgewachsen, im Alter nicht frei, nieder, ziemlich breit. Rippen in der Nähe des Kelchrandes wohl entwickelt, oben mit einigen Dörnchen, weiter herab durch die Epithek ganz verdeckt. Septa debordirend, breit, zahlreich; die grösseren dick, sehr grob und ungleich gezähnt, auch innen und unten. Die Columella hat die Tendenz, compact zu werden. Auch die Interseptalräume der Kelche zeigen die Neigung, sich auszufüllen mit compacter Substanz.' (Klunzinger, 1879: 4) [details]
Diagnosis Colonial or solitary; colonies submassive or massive. Budding intracalicular and extracalicular in colonies. Corallites monomorphic; discrete. Monticules absent. Coenosteum spinose; limited amount (includes double wall) in colonies. Calice width large (> 15 mm), with high relief (> 6 mm). Costosepta mostly not confluent. Septa in ≥ four cycles (≥ 48 septa). Free septa irregular. Septa spaced < 6 septa per 5 mm. Costosepta unequal in relative thickness. Columellae trabecular and spongy (> three threads), < 1/4 of calice width, and discontinuous among adjacent corallites with lamellar linkage. Internal lobes usually absent; paliform (uniaxial) lobes weakly developed if present. Epitheca well developed. Endotheca low-moderate (tabular). Tooth base at midcalice elliptical-parallel. Tooth tip orientation parallel. Teeth tall (> 0.6 mm); widely spaced (> 1 mm), with > six teeth per septum. Tooth shape unequal between first and third order septa. Tooth size equal between wall and septum. Granules scattered on septal face; irregular in shape. Interarea palisade. Walls formed by dominant paratheca and partial septotheca. Thickening deposits in concentric rings with extensive stereome. Costa centre clusters strong; > 0.6 mm between clusters; medial lines weak. Septum centre clusters weak; > 0.5 mm between clusters; medial lines weak. [details]
Remark The genus was described by Klunzinger (1879: 4) for the solitary and monocentric species Sclerophyllia margariticola Klunzinger, 1879: 4, first collected from the Red Sea in Egypt. It was later found in Djibouti by Gravier (1907, 1911; see also Vaughan, 1907) but, soon after, synoymised under Lobophyllia (Matthai, 1928) and Symphyllia (Wells, 1937, 1956; Vaughan and Wells, 1943) as monocentric juvenile stages of these colonial genera. Sclerophyllia, Rhodocyathus Bourne, 1905: 191, and Protolobophyllia Yabe and Sugiyama, 1935: 381, were subsequently considered a junior synonym of Cynarina by Wells (1964) and Veron and Pichon (1980). Specifically, they regarded Cynarina lacrymalis (Milne Edwards and Haime, 1849a, vol. 11: 238) and S. margariticola to be the same species. However, the most recent phylogenetic analyses performed by Arrigoni et al. (2015) and the present study based on both molecular and morphological data, have demonstrated that S. margariticola is a distinct species most closely related to a species restricted to the Arabian Peninsula, Acanthastrea maxima Sheppard and Salm, 1988: 276, and not the widespread C. lacrymalis. The monophyly of S. margariticola + A. maxima, also known as subclade C (sensu Arrigoni et al., 2014c), is well supported, and thus Sclerophyllia has been been resurrected to incorporate these two species (Arrigoni et al., 2015). Sclerophyllia is restricted to the reefs of Arabian Peninsula and Arabian Sea (Sheppard and Sheppard, 1991; Veron, 2000; Arrigoni et al., 2015). [details]
