Bivalve pedicellariae are a prominent yet poorly understood
morphological feature observed within specific groups within
the Valvatida (Asteroidea) and have been used primarily as
a taxonomic character. Seven new species, including the
new genus
Astrophylax which features prominent bivalve
pedicellariae are described herein.
In situ observations of
shallow and deep-sea taxa provide possible insight into
bivalve pedicellariae function. An overview of taxa which
contain bivalve pedicellariae, primarily in the Goniasteridae
but also the Oreasteridae and the Asteropseidae is also
included. A survey of these taxa and their pedicellariae,
including trends in abundance, biogeography, and depth
provide further context for the understanding of these
unusual characters, especially within the Goniasteridae and
the Oreasteridae.