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Lawley, J. W.; Gamero-Mora, E.; Maronna, M. M.; Chiaverano, L. M.; Stampar, S. N.; Hopcroft, R. R.; Collins, A. G.; Morandini, A. C. (2021). The importance of molecular characters when morphological variability hinders diagnosability: systematics of the moon jellyfish genus Aurelia (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa). PeerJ. 9: e11954.
412857
10.7717/peerj.11954 [view]
Lawley, J. W.; Gamero-Mora, E.; Maronna, M. M.; Chiaverano, L. M.; Stampar, S. N.; Hopcroft, R. R.; Collins, A. G.; Morandini, A. C.
2021
The importance of molecular characters when morphological variability hinders diagnosability: systematics of the moon jellyfish genus Aurelia (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa)
PeerJ
9: e11954
Publication
Cryptic species have been detected across Metazoa, and while no apparent morphological features distinguish them, it should not impede taxonomists from formal descriptions. We accepted this challenge for the jellyfish genus Aurelia, which has a long and confusing taxonomic history. We demonstrate that morphological variability in Aurelia medusae overlaps across very distant geographic localities. Even though some morphological features seem responsible for most of the variation, regional geographic patterns of dissimilarities are lacking. This is further emphasized by morphological differences found when comparing lab-cultured Aurelia coerulea medusae with the diagnostic features in its recent redescription. Previous studies have also highlighted the difficulties in distinguishing Aurelia polyps and ephyrae, and their morphological plasticity. Therefore, mostly based on genetic data, we recognize 28 species of Aurelia, of which seven were already described, 10 are formally described herein, four are resurrected and seven remain undescribed. We present diagnostic genetic characters for all species and designate type materials for newly described and some resurrected species. Recognizing moon jellyfish diversity with formal names is vital for conservation efforts and other studies. This work clarifies the practical implications of molecular genetic data as diagnostic characters, and sheds light on the patterns and processes that generate crypsis.
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2021-09-10 20:09:48Z
created

Aurelia Lamarck, 1816 (additional source)
Aurelia limbata Brandt, 1835 (additional source)
Neotype MZUSP 8657, geounit Helgoland, identified as Aurelia aurita (Linnaeus, 1758)
Neotype MZUSP 8660, verbatimGeounit Okirai bay, Ofunato,..., identified as Aurelia limbata Brandt, 1835
 Diagnosis

There were 20 diagnostic positions for 16S and 20 for COI [details]

 Diagnosis

There were five diagnostic positions for 16S, four for COI and 16 for ITS1 [details]

 Diagnosis

There were 20 diagnostic positions for 16S, 17 for COI, 18 for ITS1 and four for 28S [details]

 Diagnosis

There were eight diagnostic positions for 16S and 20 for ITS1 [details]

 Diagnosis

There were 12 diagnostic positions for COI and 19 for ITS1 [details]

 Diagnosis

Polyps present 27–33 tentacles (Table S8; see remarks below). There were 20 diagnostic positions for 16S, 20 for ... [details]

 Diagnosis

There were 13 diagnostic positions for COI [details]

 Diagnosis

There were 20 diagnostic positions for 16S, 17 for COI, 18 for ITS1 and four for 28S [details]

 Diagnosis

There were 10 diagnostic positions for 16S, 19 for COI and five for 28S [details]

 Diagnosis

There were 17 diagnostic positions for 16S, 20 for COI, 20 for ITS1 and 17 for 28S [details]

 Diagnosis

There were five diagnostic positions for 16S, 11 for COI and six for ITS1 [details]

 Diagnosis

There were 13 diagnostic positions for 16S, 20 for COI and three for 28S [details]

 Diagnosis

There were six diagnostic positions for 16S and 18 for COI [details]

 Diagnosis

There were 10 diagnostic positions for 16S and seven for COI [details]

 Diagnosis

Absence of an endodermal ocellus on the subumbrellar side of rhopalia (Scorrano et al., 2016; see remarks below). ... [details]

 Etymology

Derived from the Turkish word ayla, meaning “halo of light around the moon”, in honor of the daughter of AGC ... [details]

 Etymology

Named after the Centro de Biologia Marinha (CEBIMar) of the University of São Paulo, situated exactly where the ... [details]

 Etymology

Named after British Columbia, where most of the sequenced specimens have been collected. [details]

 Etymology

Derived from the Latin word insularis, meaning “of islands”, in reference to the recorded occurrence of polyps ... [details]

 Etymology

Named after the Malay Archipelago, situated between mainland Indo-China and Australia, which includes the type ... [details]

 Etymology

In honor of Dr. Hermes W. Mianzan (INIDEP, Argentina), who collected some of the sequenced specimens of this ... [details]

 Etymology

Named after Prof. Dr. Hiroshi Miyake (Kitasato University, Japan), for his prominent research on jellyfish and ... [details]

 Etymology

Named after Dr. William “Monty” Graham (Florida Institute of Oceanography, USA), who was a pioneer in ... [details]

 Etymology

Derived from the Latin word rarus, meaning “rare” or “uncommon”, due to its elusive occurrence among the ... [details]

 Etymology

Named after the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, in Bocas del Toro, Panama, which has supported studies in ... [details]

 Synonymy

Aurelia BOR lineage Schroth et al., 2002. Aurelia borealis Schroth et al., 2002. [details]

 Synonymy

Aurelia sp. 2 Dawson & Jacobs, 2001. Dawson, 2003; Dawson, Gupta & England, 2005; Morandini et al., 2005; Ki et al., 2008; Bayha et ... [details]

 Synonymy

Aurelia sp. 6 Dawson & Jacobs, 2001. Dawson, 2003; Dawson, Gupta & England, 2005; Ki et al., 2008; Häussermann, Dawson & ... [details]

 Synonymy

Aurelia ARAB lineage Schroth et al., 2002. Dawson, 2003; Dawson, Gupta & England, 2005. [details]

 Synonymy

Aurelia limbata Dawson & Jacobs, 2001. Aurelia sp. 10 Dawson, Gupta & England, 2005. Ki et al., 2008; Häussermann, ... [details]

 Synonymy

Aurelia sp. 4 Dawson & Jacobs, 2001. Dawson, 2003; Dawson, Gupta & England, 2005; Ki et al., 2008; Ramšak, Stopar & Malej, 2012; ... [details]

 Synonymy

Aurelia sp. 9 Dawson, Gupta & England, 2005. Ki et al., 2008; Ramšak, Stopar & Malej, 2012; Dong, Liu & Liu, 2015; He et al., ... [details]

 Synonymy

Aurelia sp. AA2501 South West Atlantic Ramšak, Stopar & Malej, 2012. Aurelia sp. 16 Gómez-Daglio & Dawson, 2017. ... [details]

 Synonymy

Aurelia MCA lineage Schroth et al., 2002. Dawson, Gupta & England, 2005. Aurelia sp. 11 Dawson, Gupta & England, ... [details]

 Synonymy

Aurelia sp. Mizrahi, 2014. [details]

 Synonymy

Aurelia sp. DI’03-4 Chiaverano, Bayha & Graham, 2016. [details]

 Synonymy

Aurelia sp. Benovic et al., 2000. Malej et al., 2007; Turk et al., 2008; Tinta et al., 2010 (Big Lake). Aurelia sp. 5 ... [details]

 Synonymy

Aurelia sp. 15 Gómez-Daglio & Dawson, 2017. Abboud, Gómez-Daglio & Dawson, 2018; Dong, 2018. [details]

 Synonymy

Aurelia TET lineage Schroth et al., 2002. Aurelia sp. 8 Dawson, Gupta & England, 2005. Ramšak, Stopar & Malej, 2012; ... [details]

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