Schulze, F.E. (1895). Hexactinelliden des indischen Oceanes. I. Die Hyalonematiden. <em>Physikalische Abhandlungen der Königlischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin.</em> 2: 1-60, pls I-IX. page(s): 8-13 [details]
de Voogd, N.J.; Alvarez, B.; Boury-Esnault, N.; Cárdenas, P.; Díaz, M.-C.; Dohrmann, M.; Downey, R.; Goodwin, C.; Hajdu, E.; Hooper, J.N.A.; Kelly, M.; Klautau, M.; Lim, S.C.; Manconi, R.; Morrow, C.; Pinheiro, U.; Pisera, A.B.; Ríos, P.; Rützler, K.; Schönberg, C.; Turner, T.; Vacelet, J.; van Soest, R.W.M.; Xavier, J. (2025). World Porifera Database. Pheronema raphanus Schulze, 1895. Accessed through: Xu, K., An, J., Ding, L., Dong, D., Gao, Y., Huang, Y., Jiang, W., Lei, Y., Li, K., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Lin, G., Lin, M., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, W., Liu, X., Lu, D., Ma, Z., Ren, X., Sha, Z., Sun, J., Sun, S., Sun, Z., Tian, L., Wang, D., Wang, J., Wu, X., Xia, B., Xiao, N., Yin, J., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, X., Zhao, E., Zheng, X., Zhou, H., Zhou, J. & Zhou, K. (2025) Chinese Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/charms/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=171573 on 2026-09-12
Xu, K., An, J., Ding, L., Dong, D., Gao, Y., Huang, Y., Jiang, W., Lei, Y., Li, K., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Lin, G., Lin, M., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, W., Liu, X., Lu, D., Ma, Z., Ren, X., Sha, Z., Sun, J., Sun, S., Sun, Z., Tian, L., Wang, D., Wang, J., Wu, X., Xia, B., Xiao, N., Yin, J., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, X., Zhao, E., Zheng, X., Zhou, H., Zhou, J. & Zhou, K. (2026). Chinese Register of Marine Species. Pheronema raphanus Schulze, 1895. Accessed at: https://marinespecies.org/charms/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=171573 on 2026-09-12
original descriptionSchulze, F.E. (1895). Hexactinelliden des indischen Oceanes. I. Die Hyalonematiden. <em>Physikalische Abhandlungen der Königlischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin.</em> 2: 1-60, pls I-IX. page(s): 8-13 [details]
context source (Deepsea)Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO. The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), available online athttp://www.iobis.org/[details]
basis of recordSchulze, F.E. (1900). Hexactinelliden des Indischen Oceanes. III. Theil. <em>Abhandlungen der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin.</em> 1900: 1-46, pls I-VII. page(s): 4-9 [details]
basis of recordSchulze, F.E. (1904). Hexactinellida. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer "Valdivia" 1898-1899 4: 1-266, separated atlas: pls I-LII, 1 map. page(s): 52-58 [details]
additional sourceLévi, C.; Lévi, P. (1989). Spongiaires (MUSORSTOM 1 & 2). <i>In</i>: Forest, J. (Ed.) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 4. <em>Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. Série A, Zoologie.</em> 143: 25-103. (look up in IMIS) page(s): 31 [details] Available for editors
additional sourceLiu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). [Checklist of marine biota of China seas]. <em>China Science Press.</em> 1267 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
redescriptionTabachnick, K.; Fromont, J.; Ehrlich, H.; Menshenina, L. (2019). Hexactinellida from the Perth Canyon, Eastern Indian Ocean, with descriptions of five new species. <em>Zootaxa.</em> 4664(1): 47-82., available online athttps://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4664.1.2 page(s): 49-52 [details] Available for editors
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality