original description
Holland ND, Clague D, Gordon D, Gebruk A, Pawson D, et al. (2005) 'Lophenteropneust' hypothesis refuted by collection and photos of new deep-sea hemichordates. Nature 434: 374-376., available online at http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v434/n7031/full/nature03382.html [details]
basis of record
van der Land, J. (ed). (2008). UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms (URMO). , available online at http://www.marinespecies.org/urmo/ [details]
additional source
Holland ND, Kuhnz LA, Osborn KJ (2012) Morphology of a New Deep-Sea Acorn Worm (Class Enteropneusta, Phylum Hemichordata): A Part-Time Demersal Drifter with Externalized Ovaries. Journal of Morphology 273:661–671, available online at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22419131 [details]
additional source
Osborn KJ, Kuhnz LA, Priede IG, Urata M, Gebruk AV, Holland ND. Diversification of acorn worms (Hemichordata, Enteropneusta) revealed in the deep sea. Proc Biol Sci. 2012 Apr 22;279(1733):1646-54.
, available online at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22090391 [details]
From editor or global species database
Depth range Deep sea [details]
Editor's comment The tree in Osborn et al. (2012) indicates additional unnamed genera species in this Family. They are currently being described (see Priede et al. 2012). [details]
Group description Osborn et al. suggests The Torquaratoridae likely evolved from near-shore ancestors, and then radiated in the deep sea. [details]