Deep-Sea taxon details
Cytaeis tetrastyla Eschscholtz, 1829
117506 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:117506)
accepted
Species
marine, fresh, terrestrial
recent only
Eschscholtz, F. (1829). System der Acalephen. Eine ausführliche Beschreibung aller medusenartigen Strahltiere. Ferdinand Dümmler, Berlin, pp. 1-190, 116 pls., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10665047
page(s): 104, pl. 8 fig. 2 [details]
page(s): 104, pl. 8 fig. 2 [details]
Note Atlantic Ocean, south of Equator
From editor or global species database
Type locality Atlantic Ocean, south of Equator [details]
Distribution circum-(sub)tropical
Distribution circum-(sub)tropical [details]
Schuchert, P.; Choong, H.; Galea, H.; Hoeksema, B.; Lindsay, D.; Manko, M.; Pica, D. (2026). World Hydrozoa Database. Cytaeis tetrastyla Eschscholtz, 1829. Accessed through: Glover, A.G.; Higgs, N.; Horton, T. (2026) World Register of Deep-Sea species (WoRDSS) at: https://www.marinespecies.org/deepsea/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=117506 on 2026-06-06
Glover, A.G.; Higgs, N.; Horton, T. (2026). World Register of Deep-Sea species (WoRDSS). Cytaeis tetrastyla Eschscholtz, 1829. Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/Deepsea/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=117506 on 2026-06-06
Date
action
by
original description
Eschscholtz, F. (1829). System der Acalephen. Eine ausführliche Beschreibung aller medusenartigen Strahltiere. Ferdinand Dümmler, Berlin, pp. 1-190, 116 pls., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10665047
page(s): 104, pl. 8 fig. 2 [details]
context source (Deepsea) Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO. The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), available online at http://www.iobis.org/ [details]
context source (Bermuda) Sterrer, W. (1986). Marine fauna and flora of Bermuda: a systematic guide to the identification of marine organisms. <em>Wiley-Interscience Publication. Wiley.</em> 742 pp (Nemertini part). [details] Available for editors
context source (PeRMS) Ayón, P., M.I. Criales-Hernández, R. Schwamborn & H.J. Hirche. (2008). Zooplankton research off Peru: A review. <em>Progress in Oceanography.</em> 79(2-4):238-255., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2008.10.020 [details] Available for editors
basis of record van der Land, J.; Vervoort, W.; Cairns, S.D.; Schuchert, P. (2001). Hydrozoa, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 112-120 (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Navas-Pereira, D. & Vannucci, M. (1991). The Hydromedusae and water masses of the Indian Ocean. <em>Bolm Inst. Oceanogr.</em> 39(1): 25-60., available online at https://doi.org/10.1590/s0373-55241991000100003 [details]
additional source Schuchert P. (1996). The marine fauna of New Zealand: Athecate hydroids and their medusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). <em>New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir.</em> 106 : 1-159., available online at https://archive.org/details/nzoimemoir01061996/mode/2up [details]
additional source Segura-Puertas, L., L. Celis, and L. Chiaverano. 2009. Medusozoans (Cnidaria: Cubozoa, Scyphozoa, and Hydrozoa) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 369–379 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Pre [details]
additional source Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). [Checklist of marine biota of China seas]. <em>China Science Press.</em> 1267 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
additional source Cairns, S.D., L. Gershwin, F.J. Brook, P. Pugh, E.W. Dawson, O.V. Ocaña, W. Vervoort, G. Williams, J.E. Watson, D.M. Opresko, P. Schuchert, P.M. Hine, D.P. Gordon, H.I. Campbell, A.J. Wright, J.A.Sánchez & D.G. Fautin. (2009). Phylum Cnidaria: corals, medusae, hydroids, myxozoans. <em>in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 1. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia.</em> :59-101., available online at https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/8431 [details] Available for editors
additional source Schuchert P., Collins R. (2024). Additional observations on hydromedusae during night dives in the Gulf Stream. <em>Revue suisse de Zoologie.</em> 131(1): 43-120., available online at https://doi.org/10.35929/RSZ.0113
page(s): 46, fig. 2A-G [details]
redescription Schuchert, P. (2007). The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera part 2. <em>Revue suisse de Zoologie.</em> 114: 195-396., available online at https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.80395
page(s): 275 [details]
identification resource Schuchert P.; Collins R. (2021). Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream. <em>Revue suisse de Zoologie.</em> 128(2): 237-356., available online at https://doi.org/10.35929/RSZ.0049
page(s): Fig. 2A-C; note: 16s barcode [details]
page(s): 104, pl. 8 fig. 2 [details]
context source (Deepsea) Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO. The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), available online at http://www.iobis.org/ [details]
context source (Bermuda) Sterrer, W. (1986). Marine fauna and flora of Bermuda: a systematic guide to the identification of marine organisms. <em>Wiley-Interscience Publication. Wiley.</em> 742 pp (Nemertini part). [details] Available for editors
context source (PeRMS) Ayón, P., M.I. Criales-Hernández, R. Schwamborn & H.J. Hirche. (2008). Zooplankton research off Peru: A review. <em>Progress in Oceanography.</em> 79(2-4):238-255., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2008.10.020 [details] Available for editors
basis of record van der Land, J.; Vervoort, W.; Cairns, S.D.; Schuchert, P. (2001). Hydrozoa, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 112-120 (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Navas-Pereira, D. & Vannucci, M. (1991). The Hydromedusae and water masses of the Indian Ocean. <em>Bolm Inst. Oceanogr.</em> 39(1): 25-60., available online at https://doi.org/10.1590/s0373-55241991000100003 [details]
additional source Schuchert P. (1996). The marine fauna of New Zealand: Athecate hydroids and their medusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). <em>New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir.</em> 106 : 1-159., available online at https://archive.org/details/nzoimemoir01061996/mode/2up [details]
additional source Segura-Puertas, L., L. Celis, and L. Chiaverano. 2009. Medusozoans (Cnidaria: Cubozoa, Scyphozoa, and Hydrozoa) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 369–379 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Pre [details]
additional source Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). [Checklist of marine biota of China seas]. <em>China Science Press.</em> 1267 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
additional source Cairns, S.D., L. Gershwin, F.J. Brook, P. Pugh, E.W. Dawson, O.V. Ocaña, W. Vervoort, G. Williams, J.E. Watson, D.M. Opresko, P. Schuchert, P.M. Hine, D.P. Gordon, H.I. Campbell, A.J. Wright, J.A.Sánchez & D.G. Fautin. (2009). Phylum Cnidaria: corals, medusae, hydroids, myxozoans. <em>in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 1. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia.</em> :59-101., available online at https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/8431 [details] Available for editors
additional source Schuchert P., Collins R. (2024). Additional observations on hydromedusae during night dives in the Gulf Stream. <em>Revue suisse de Zoologie.</em> 131(1): 43-120., available online at https://doi.org/10.35929/RSZ.0113
page(s): 46, fig. 2A-G [details]
redescription Schuchert, P. (2007). The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera part 2. <em>Revue suisse de Zoologie.</em> 114: 195-396., available online at https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.80395
page(s): 275 [details]
identification resource Schuchert P.; Collins R. (2021). Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream. <em>Revue suisse de Zoologie.</em> 128(2): 237-356., available online at https://doi.org/10.35929/RSZ.0049
page(s): Fig. 2A-C; note: 16s barcode [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
Biology the polyp stage is unknown, perhaps Cytaeis nassa ? [details]Type locality Atlantic Ocean, south of Equator [details]
synonymy
Nigritina atlantica Steenstrup. – Kramp, 1961: 64, name not available.
Cytaeis tetrastyla Eschscholtz, 1829: 104, pl. 8 fig. 2.
? Bougainvillia mediterranea Busch, 1851: 21, pl. 2 figs, 10-11. – Haeckel, 1879: 73, synonym.
? Cytaeis pusilla Gegenbaur, 1856: 228, pl. 8 fig. 8. – Kramp, 1959a: 99, doubtful synonym.
Cytaeis macrogaster Haeckel, 1879. pl. 6 fig. 1. – Kramp, 1955a: 153, synonym.
Cytaeis nigritina Haeckel, 1879: 74, pl. 6 figs 2-5. – Maas, 1904: 8, pl. 1 figs 3-4. – Kramp, 1955a: 154, synonym.
? not Cytaeis vulgaris Agassiz & Mayer, 1899: 161, pl. 2 figs 3-5. – Mayer, 1910: 134. – Kramp, 1968: 27, perhaps valid.
Cytaeis herdmani Browne, 1905a: 135, pl. 1 fig. 1, pl. 4 fig. 12. – Browne, 1916: 177, synonym.
Cytaeis atlantica. – Mayer, 1910: 133, figs 71-72 [invalid combination].
? not Cytaeis pusilla. – Neppi & Stiasny, 1913: 23.
Cytaeis japonica Uchida, 1927: 215, fig. 39. – Kramp, 1959a: 99, synonym.
[details]
Unreviewed
Biology colonial [details]Distribution circum-(sub)tropical [details]
| Language | Name | |
|---|---|---|
| Japanese | オキアイタマクラゲ | [details] |
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (30 publications)
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Cytaeis tetrastyla)
To GenBank (6 nucleotides; 3 proteins)
To PESI
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Cnidaria Collection (77 records)
To ITIS
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Cytaeis tetrastyla)
To GenBank (6 nucleotides; 3 proteins)
To PESI
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Cnidaria Collection (77 records)
To ITIS
From editor or global species database
