Deep-Sea taxon details
Edwardsia elegans Verrill, 1869
158235 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:158235)
accepted
Species
marine, terrestrial
Farquhar, H. (1898). Preliminary account of some New-Zealand Actiniaria. Journal of the Linnean Society of London (Zoology), 26, 527-536, available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb00409.x
page(s): 528-529, Pl. 36 figs. 1, 2 [details]
Verrill, A. (1869). XVIII.—Descriptions of a remarkable new jellyfish and two actinians from the coast of Maine. <em>Annals and Magazine of Natural History.</em> 4(21): 160-163., available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936908696025
page(s): 162 [details]
page(s): 528-529, Pl. 36 figs. 1, 2 [details]
Verrill, A. (1869). XVIII.—Descriptions of a remarkable new jellyfish and two actinians from the coast of Maine. <em>Annals and Magazine of Natural History.</em> 4(21): 160-163., available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936908696025
page(s): 162 [details]
Distribution Bay of Fundy to South Carolina
Distribution Bay of Fundy to South Carolina [details]
Rodríguez, E.; Fautin, D; Daly, M. (2025). World List of Actiniaria. Edwardsia elegans Verrill, 1869. Accessed through: Glover, A.G.; Higgs, N.; Horton, T. (2025) World Register of Deep-Sea species (WoRDSS) at: https://marinespecies.org/deepsea/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=158235 on 2026-04-15
Glover, A.G.; Higgs, N.; Horton, T. (2026). World Register of Deep-Sea species (WoRDSS). Edwardsia elegans Verrill, 1869. Accessed at: https://marinespecies.org/deepsea/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=158235 on 2026-04-15
Date
action
by
original description
Farquhar, H. (1898). Preliminary account of some New-Zealand Actiniaria. Journal of the Linnean Society of London (Zoology), 26, 527-536, available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb00409.x
page(s): 528-529, Pl. 36 figs. 1, 2 [details]
original description Verrill, A. (1869). XVIII.—Descriptions of a remarkable new jellyfish and two actinians from the coast of Maine. <em>Annals and Magazine of Natural History.</em> 4(21): 160-163., available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936908696025
page(s): 162 [details]
context source (Deepsea) Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO. The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), available online at http://www.iobis.org/ [details]
context source (Hexacorallia) Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
basis of record Bromley, J.E.C. & J.S. Bleakney. (1985). Keys to the fauna and flora of Minas Basin. <em>National Research Council of Canada Report, Halifax, N.S.</em> 24119: 366 PP. [details]
additional source Gosner, K. L. (1971). Guide to identification of marine and estuarine invertebrates: Cape Hatteras to the Bay of Fundy. <em>John Wiley & Sons, Inc., London.</em> 693 pp. [pdf copepod and branchiuran :445-455]. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
additional source Linkletter, L. E. (1977). A checklist of marine fauna and flora of the Bay of Fundy. <em>Huntsman Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews, N.B.</em> 68: p. [details]
additional source Pollock, L.W. (1998). A practical guide to the marine animals of northeastern North America. Rutgers University Press. New Brunswick, New Jersey & London. 367 pp., available online at http://books.google.com/books?id=i1AmT31cuR4C [details]
additional source Sebens, K.P. 1998. Marine flora and fauna of the eastern United States. Anthozoa, Actinaria, Corallimorparia, Ceriantharia, and Zoanthidea. NOAA Technical Report NMFS 141. 68 p. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source den Hartog, J. C. & van der Land, J. (2000-2007). As a contribution to UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Daly, M.; Goodwill, R.H. (2009). Andvakia discipulorum, A New Species of Burrowing Sea Anemone from Hawaii, with a Revision of Andvakia Danielssen, 1890. Pacific Science, 63(2): 263-275., available online at https://doi.org/10.2984/049.063.0208
page(s): 273 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1873). XVIII. Report upon the invertebrate animals of Vineyard Sound and the adjacent waters, with an account of the physical characters of the region. <em>Report on the condition of the sea fisheries of the south coast of New England [later becomes Reports of the United States Commissioner of Fisheries].</em> 1: 295-778 pls. 1-38., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15782934
page(s): 451 [details]
additional source Andres, A. (1884). Le attinie. Volume primo, contente bibliografia, introduzione e specigrafia. , available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/81386
page(s): 99-100 [details]
additional source Carlgren, O. (1949). A survey of the Ptychodactiaria, Corallimorpharia and Actiniaria. <em>Kungliga Svenska Vet- enskapsakadamiens Handlingar.</em> 1: 1–121.
page(s): 23 [details]
additional source Sebens, K. P. (1998). Anthozoa: Actiniaria, Zoanthidea, Corallimorpharia, and Ceriantharia. National Marine Fisheries Service. Seattle., volume 141, pp. 1-67
page(s): 10, 14, 26, 49 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1922). The Actiniaria of the Canadian Arctic Expeditions, with notes on interesting species from Hudson Bay and other Canadian localities. Report on the Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913-1918, 8, G, 89-164
page(s): 129 [details]
additional source Williams, R. B. (1981). A sea anemone, Edwardsia meridionalis sp. nov., from Antarctica and a preliminary revision of the genus Edwardsia De Quatrefages, 1841 (Coelenterata: Actiniaria). Records of the Australian Museum (Sydney), 33(6): 325-360, available online at https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.33.1981.271
page(s): 325, 341, 346, 349-351 [details]
additional source Carlgren, O. (1931). Zur Kenntnis der Actiniaria Abasilaria. Arkiv für Zoologi, 23A(3): 1-48
page(s): 16-18 [details]
additional source Andres, A. (1880). Intorno all'Edwardsia Claparedii (Halcampa Claparedii Panc.). Atti dell' Accademia de Lincei, 5, 3, 221-236
page(s): 232 [details]
additional source Pei, Z. (1998). Coelenterata Actiniaria Ceriantharia Zoanthidea. Science Press. Beijing., pp. 286.
page(s): 64, 65, 228 [details]
additional source Daly, M.; Lipscomb, D. L.; Allard, M. W. (2002). A simple test: evaluating explanations for the relative simplicity of the Edwardsiidae (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Evolution, 56(3): 502-510, available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2002.tb01361.x
page(s): 503, 505, 506, 507, figs. 1, 2, 3 [details]
additional source Daly, M. (2002). A systematic revision of Edwardsiidae (Cnidaria, Anthozoa). Invertebrate Biology, 121(3): 212-225, available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7410.2002.tb00061.x
page(s): 215-219, 221, 223 [details]
additional source Daly, M. (2002). Taxonomy, anatomy, and histology of the lined sea anemone, Edwardsiella lineata (Verrill, 1873) (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Edwardsiidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 115(4): 868-877
page(s): 874-875 [details]
additional source Rodríguez, E.; Daly, M. (2010). Phylogenetic relationships among deep-sea and chemosynthetic sea anemones: Actinoscyphyiidae and Actinostolidae (Actiniaria: Mesomyaria). Public Library of Science One, 5, 6, 1-8, available online at https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010958
page(s): 4, 5 [details]
additional source Daly, M.; Chaudhuri, A.; Gusmão, L.; Rodríguez, E. (2008). Phylogenetic relationships among sea anemones (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 48, 292-301, available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.02.022
page(s): 295 [details]
additional source Daly, M.; Gusmão, L.; Reft, A. J.; Rodríguez, E. (2010). Phylogenetic signal in mitochondrial and nuclear markers in sea anemones (Cnidaria, Actiniaria). Integrative and Comparative Biology, 50(3): 371-388, available online at https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/icq081
page(s): 373 [details]
additional source Andres, A. (1883). Le Attinie. Atti dell' Accademia de Lincei, 14, 3, Memorie, 211-673
page(s): 307-308 [details]
additional source Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). , available online at http://www.itis.gov [details]
additional source Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Hargitt, C. W. (1912). The Anthozoa of the Woods Hole region. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries, 32(788): 221-254
page(s): 247 [details]
additional source Andres, A. (1883). Le Attinie (Monografia). Coi Tipi der Salviucci. Roma., volume 1 (Bibliografia, introduzione e specigrafia), pp. 460.
page(s): 99-100 [details]
additional source Parker, G. H. (1900). Synopses of North-American invertebrates. XIII. The Actiniaria. American Naturalist, 34, 747-758, available online at https://doi.org/10.1086/277763
page(s): 749 [details]
additional source Andres, A. (1881). Intorno all'Edwardsia Claparedii (Halcampa Claparedii Panc.). Mitteilungen aus der Zoologischen Station zu Neapel, 2, 2, 123-142
page(s): 137 [details]
additional source England, K. W. (1987). Certain Actiniaria (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the Red Sea and tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), 53(4): 205-292
page(s): 217, 221-223 [details]
page(s): 528-529, Pl. 36 figs. 1, 2 [details]
original description Verrill, A. (1869). XVIII.—Descriptions of a remarkable new jellyfish and two actinians from the coast of Maine. <em>Annals and Magazine of Natural History.</em> 4(21): 160-163., available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936908696025
page(s): 162 [details]
context source (Deepsea) Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO. The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), available online at http://www.iobis.org/ [details]
context source (Hexacorallia) Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
basis of record Bromley, J.E.C. & J.S. Bleakney. (1985). Keys to the fauna and flora of Minas Basin. <em>National Research Council of Canada Report, Halifax, N.S.</em> 24119: 366 PP. [details]
additional source Gosner, K. L. (1971). Guide to identification of marine and estuarine invertebrates: Cape Hatteras to the Bay of Fundy. <em>John Wiley & Sons, Inc., London.</em> 693 pp. [pdf copepod and branchiuran :445-455]. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
additional source Linkletter, L. E. (1977). A checklist of marine fauna and flora of the Bay of Fundy. <em>Huntsman Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews, N.B.</em> 68: p. [details]
additional source Pollock, L.W. (1998). A practical guide to the marine animals of northeastern North America. Rutgers University Press. New Brunswick, New Jersey & London. 367 pp., available online at http://books.google.com/books?id=i1AmT31cuR4C [details]
additional source Sebens, K.P. 1998. Marine flora and fauna of the eastern United States. Anthozoa, Actinaria, Corallimorparia, Ceriantharia, and Zoanthidea. NOAA Technical Report NMFS 141. 68 p. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source den Hartog, J. C. & van der Land, J. (2000-2007). As a contribution to UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Daly, M.; Goodwill, R.H. (2009). Andvakia discipulorum, A New Species of Burrowing Sea Anemone from Hawaii, with a Revision of Andvakia Danielssen, 1890. Pacific Science, 63(2): 263-275., available online at https://doi.org/10.2984/049.063.0208
page(s): 273 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1873). XVIII. Report upon the invertebrate animals of Vineyard Sound and the adjacent waters, with an account of the physical characters of the region. <em>Report on the condition of the sea fisheries of the south coast of New England [later becomes Reports of the United States Commissioner of Fisheries].</em> 1: 295-778 pls. 1-38., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15782934
page(s): 451 [details]
additional source Andres, A. (1884). Le attinie. Volume primo, contente bibliografia, introduzione e specigrafia. , available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/81386
page(s): 99-100 [details]
additional source Carlgren, O. (1949). A survey of the Ptychodactiaria, Corallimorpharia and Actiniaria. <em>Kungliga Svenska Vet- enskapsakadamiens Handlingar.</em> 1: 1–121.
page(s): 23 [details]
additional source Sebens, K. P. (1998). Anthozoa: Actiniaria, Zoanthidea, Corallimorpharia, and Ceriantharia. National Marine Fisheries Service. Seattle., volume 141, pp. 1-67
page(s): 10, 14, 26, 49 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1922). The Actiniaria of the Canadian Arctic Expeditions, with notes on interesting species from Hudson Bay and other Canadian localities. Report on the Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913-1918, 8, G, 89-164
page(s): 129 [details]
additional source Williams, R. B. (1981). A sea anemone, Edwardsia meridionalis sp. nov., from Antarctica and a preliminary revision of the genus Edwardsia De Quatrefages, 1841 (Coelenterata: Actiniaria). Records of the Australian Museum (Sydney), 33(6): 325-360, available online at https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.33.1981.271
page(s): 325, 341, 346, 349-351 [details]
additional source Carlgren, O. (1931). Zur Kenntnis der Actiniaria Abasilaria. Arkiv für Zoologi, 23A(3): 1-48
page(s): 16-18 [details]
additional source Andres, A. (1880). Intorno all'Edwardsia Claparedii (Halcampa Claparedii Panc.). Atti dell' Accademia de Lincei, 5, 3, 221-236
page(s): 232 [details]
additional source Pei, Z. (1998). Coelenterata Actiniaria Ceriantharia Zoanthidea. Science Press. Beijing., pp. 286.
page(s): 64, 65, 228 [details]
additional source Daly, M.; Lipscomb, D. L.; Allard, M. W. (2002). A simple test: evaluating explanations for the relative simplicity of the Edwardsiidae (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Evolution, 56(3): 502-510, available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2002.tb01361.x
page(s): 503, 505, 506, 507, figs. 1, 2, 3 [details]
additional source Daly, M. (2002). A systematic revision of Edwardsiidae (Cnidaria, Anthozoa). Invertebrate Biology, 121(3): 212-225, available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7410.2002.tb00061.x
page(s): 215-219, 221, 223 [details]
additional source Daly, M. (2002). Taxonomy, anatomy, and histology of the lined sea anemone, Edwardsiella lineata (Verrill, 1873) (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Edwardsiidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 115(4): 868-877
page(s): 874-875 [details]
additional source Rodríguez, E.; Daly, M. (2010). Phylogenetic relationships among deep-sea and chemosynthetic sea anemones: Actinoscyphyiidae and Actinostolidae (Actiniaria: Mesomyaria). Public Library of Science One, 5, 6, 1-8, available online at https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010958
page(s): 4, 5 [details]
additional source Daly, M.; Chaudhuri, A.; Gusmão, L.; Rodríguez, E. (2008). Phylogenetic relationships among sea anemones (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 48, 292-301, available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.02.022
page(s): 295 [details]
additional source Daly, M.; Gusmão, L.; Reft, A. J.; Rodríguez, E. (2010). Phylogenetic signal in mitochondrial and nuclear markers in sea anemones (Cnidaria, Actiniaria). Integrative and Comparative Biology, 50(3): 371-388, available online at https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/icq081
page(s): 373 [details]
additional source Andres, A. (1883). Le Attinie. Atti dell' Accademia de Lincei, 14, 3, Memorie, 211-673
page(s): 307-308 [details]
additional source Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). , available online at http://www.itis.gov [details]
additional source Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Hargitt, C. W. (1912). The Anthozoa of the Woods Hole region. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries, 32(788): 221-254
page(s): 247 [details]
additional source Andres, A. (1883). Le Attinie (Monografia). Coi Tipi der Salviucci. Roma., volume 1 (Bibliografia, introduzione e specigrafia), pp. 460.
page(s): 99-100 [details]
additional source Parker, G. H. (1900). Synopses of North-American invertebrates. XIII. The Actiniaria. American Naturalist, 34, 747-758, available online at https://doi.org/10.1086/277763
page(s): 749 [details]
additional source Andres, A. (1881). Intorno all'Edwardsia Claparedii (Halcampa Claparedii Panc.). Mitteilungen aus der Zoologischen Station zu Neapel, 2, 2, 123-142
page(s): 137 [details]
additional source England, K. W. (1987). Certain Actiniaria (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the Red Sea and tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), 53(4): 205-292
page(s): 217, 221-223 [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
Nontype AMNH 3610, geounit United States Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Nontype SMNH 1149, geounit United States Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Nontype YPM 8803, geounit United States Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Unreviewed
Diet Generally, anthozoans are primarly carnivorous which prey on sea urchins, gastropods, bivalves, or crustaceans that crawl or swim into their grasp. [details]Distribution Bay of Fundy to South Carolina [details]
Habitat shelf [details]
Habitat burrowing in sandy, muddy habitats [details]
Reproduction reproduce asexually through longitudinal fission and sexually (protandric hermaphrodites) [details]
Type specimen type specimen from Bay of Fundy [details]
