Traits taxon details
Urticina crassicornis (Müller, 1776)
100832 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:100832)
accepted
Species
marine, terrestrial
(of ) Müller, O.F. (1776). Zoologiae Danicae prodromus, seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae indigenarum: characteres, nomina, et synonyma imprimis popularium. [Prodrome of Danish Zoology, or the Native Animals of Denmark and Norway: the characters, names, and synonyms of the most popular ones.]. <em>Typis Hallagerii, Havni, Copenhagen.</em> 282 pp., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47550
page(s): 231 [details]
page(s): 231 [details]
Rodríguez, E.; Fautin, D; Daly, M. (2024). World List of Actiniaria. Urticina crassicornis (Müller, 1776). Accessed through: Marine Species Traits editorial board (2024) Marine Species Traits at: https://www.marinespecies.org/traits/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=100832 on 2024-12-22
Marine Species Traits editorial board (2024). Marine Species Traits. Urticina crassicornis (Müller, 1776). Accessed at: https://marinespecies.org/traits/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=100832 on 2024-12-22
Date
action
by
original description
(of ) Müller, O.F. (1776). Zoologiae Danicae prodromus, seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae indigenarum: characteres, nomina, et synonyma imprimis popularium. [Prodrome of Danish Zoology, or the Native Animals of Denmark and Norway: the characters, names, and synonyms of the most popular ones.]. <em>Typis Hallagerii, Havni, Copenhagen.</em> 282 pp., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47550
page(s): 231 [details]
context source (Hexacorallia) Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
basis of record van der Land, J.; den Hartog, J.H. (2001). Actiniaria, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 106-109 (look up in IMIS) [details]
basis of record Hand, C. (1955). The sea anemones of central California Part II. The endomyarian and mesomyarian anemones. <em>Wasmann Journal of Biology.</em> 13: 37-99.
note: Hand (1955) uses the name Urticina crassiconis (Mueller, 1776) for animals from California, although this name had previously been applied only to animals from the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. ...
[details]
additional source Manuel, R. L. (1981). British Anthozoa. <em>London: Academic Press.</em> 241 pp. (Synopses of the British Fauna). [details]
additional source Carlgren, O. (1893). Studien über Nordische Actinien. <em>K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., Bd. XXV, No. 10. Stockholm.</em>
page(s): 58-64, 135, 148, Pl. I fig. 20 [details]
additional source Verrill, A.E. (1928). Hawaiian shallow water Anthozoa. <em>Bulletin of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum.</em> 49: 1-30, pls. 1-5., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38875672
page(s): 25 [details]
additional source Hauswaldt, J. S.; Pearson, K. E. (1999). Urticina mcpeaki, a new species of sea anemone (Anthozoa: Actiniaria: Actiniidae) from the North American Pacific coast. <em>Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.</em> 112(4), 652-660.
page(s): 652, 658-659 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1879). Preliminary check-list of the marine invertebrata of the Atlantic coast, from Cape Cod to the Gulf of Saint Lawrence. <em>Tuttle, Morehouse & Taylor, Printers. New Haven.</em> pp. 32.
page(s): 15 [details]
additional source Parker, T.; Tunnicliffe, V. (1994). Dispersal strategies of the biota on an oceanic seamount: implications for ecology and biogeography. Biol. Bull., 187: 336-345
page(s): 339 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1899). Descriptions of imperfectly known and new actinians, with critical notes on other species. American Journal of Science, 7: 41-50, 143-146, 205-218, 375-380
page(s): 43, 207-208, 216 [details]
additional source den Hartog, J. C. (1987). A redescription of the sea anemone Bunodosoma biscayensis (Fischer, 1874) (Actiniaria, Actiniidae). Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 61(36): 533-559, available online at https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/318818
page(s): 555 [details] Available for editors
additional source Duerden, J. E. (1902). Report on the actinians of Porto Rico [Investigations of the aquatic resources and fisheries of Porto Rico by the U.S. Fish Commission Steamer Fish Hawk in 1899]. Bulletin of the U.S. Fisheries Commission, 20, 2, 323-374
page(s): 358 [details]
additional source Sebens, K. P. (1998). Anthozoa: Actiniaria, Zoanthidea, Corallimorpharia, and Ceriantharia. National Marine Fisheries Service. Seattle., volume 141, pp. 1-67
page(s): 11, 14, 44, 52 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1868-1870). Review of the corals and polyps of the west coast of America. <em>Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences.</em> 1, 6, 377-558.
page(s): 469-470 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1922). The Actiniaria of the Canadian Arctic Expeditions, with notes on interesting species from Hudson Bay and other Canadian localities. Report on the Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913-1918, 8, G, 89-164
page(s): 104-107 [details]
additional source Fautin, D. G.; Kozloff, E. N.; Siebert, A. E. (1987). Phylum Cnidaria - Class Anthozoa. University of Washington Press. Seattle and London., pp. 68-78
page(s): 76, 77 [details]
additional source Haddon, A. C. (1889). A revision of the British Actiniae. Part I. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society, 4, 2, 297-361
page(s): 298, 316 [details]
additional source Hertwig, R. (1882). Report on the Actiniaria dredged by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of the H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-76 (Zoology), 6(1): 1-136
page(s): 49 [details]
additional source McMurrich, J. P. (1901). Report on the Hexactiniæ of the Columbia University Expedition to Puget Sound during the summer of 1896. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 14(1): 1-52
page(s): 16, 22, 28-35 [details]
additional source McMurrich, J. P. (1904). The Actiniae of the Plate collection. Zoologische Jahrbücher, 6 Suppl.(2): 215-306
page(s): 254 [details]
additional source Pax, F. (1914). Die Actinien. Ergebnisse und Fortschritte aus der Zoologie, 4, 339-640
page(s): 615, 616, 618 [details]
additional source Kostina, E. E. (1988). Biogeographical characteristics of sea anemones of the Pacific boreal region. Biologiya Morya, 1988(3): 14-21
page(s): 18 [details]
additional source den Hartog, J. C. (1986). The Queen Scallop, Chlamys opercularis (L., 1758) (Bivalvia, Pectinidae), as a food item of the sea anemone Urticina eques (Gosse, 1860) (Actiniaria, Actiniidae). Basteria, 50, 87-92
page(s): 88, 91 [details]
additional source Zamponi, M. O.; Acuña, F. H. (1996). El genero Urticina (=Tealia) Ehrenberg, 1834 (Actiniaria) de Barkley Sound (Canada). Physis (Buenos Aires), 52(122-123): 1-12
page(s): 2, 9 [details]
additional source Pax, F. (1920). Die Aktinienfauna von Büsum. Schriften der Zoologischen Station Büsum für Meereskunde, 6(5): 1-24
page(s): 7-12 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1879). Radiates. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 15, 151-153
page(s): 152 [details]
additional source Klinkhardt, W. (1914). Tier- und Pflanzenleban der Nordsee. Biologischen Anstalt auf Helgoland. Leipzig., edition 1, volume 2, pp. 30.
page(s): 10-13 [details]
additional source Song, J. I.; Cha, H. R. (2002). Taxonomy of Actiniidae (Anthozoa, Actiniaria, Thenaria, Endomyaria) from Korea. Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology, 18(2): 253-270
page(s): 264-267, 253, 262, 268 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1870). On the geographical distribution of the polyps of the west coast of America. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1, 7, 558-567
page(s): 559, 560 [details]
additional source Cline, E. I.; Wolowyk, M. W. (1997). Cardiac stimulatory, cytotoxic and cytolytic activity of extracts of sea anemones. International Journal of Pharmacognosy, 35(2): 91-98
page(s): 91, 93-95 [details]
additional source Gotshall, D. W. (2005). Guide to Marine Invertebrates: Alaska to Baja California. Sea Challengers. Monterey., edition 2nd (Revised), pp. 117.
page(s): 28 [details]
additional source Excoffon, A. C.; Zamponi, M. O. (1996). Reproducción de Oulactis muscosa Dana, 1849 (Cnidaria, Actiniaria) en el intermareal de Mar del Plata, Argentina. Biociências, 4(1): 127-143
page(s): 134 [details]
additional source Excoffon, A. C.; Zamponi, M. O. (1991). La biologia reproductiva de Phymactis clematis Dana, 1849 (Actiniaria: Actiniidae): gametogenesis, periodos reproductivos, desarrollo embrionario y larval. Spheniscus, 9, 25-39
page(s): 32, 34, 35, 36, 37 [details]
additional source Eckelbarger, K. J.; Hand, C. H.; Uhlinger, K. R. (2008). Ultrastructural features of the trophonema and oogenesis in the starlet sea anemone, Nematostella vectensis (Edwardsiidae). Invertebrate Biology, 127(4): 3810395
page(s): 392 [details]
additional source Sanamyan, N. P.; Sanamyan, K. E. (2006). The genera Urticina and Cribrinopsis (Anthozoa: Actiniaria) from the north-western Pacific. Journal of Natural History, 40(7-8): 359-393
page(s): 359, 360, 372-375, 383, 388-390 [details]
additional source Nevalainen, T. J. (2008). Phospholipases A2 in the genome of the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part D, 3, 226-233
page(s): 226, 228, 229 [details]
additional source Lamb, A.; Hanby, B. P. (2005). Sea anemones, corals, hydroids, hydrocorals, jellies and others: Phylum Cnidaria (aka Coelenterata). Habour Publishing. Madeira Park, pp. 80-113
page(s): 83 [details]
additional source Christidis, J.; Chintiroglou, C. C.; Culley, M. B. (1997). A study of the populations of Calliactis parasitica (Couch, 1842) in symbiosis with anomuran decapods in Thermaikos Gulf (N. Aegean Sea). Crustaceana, 70(2): 227-238
page(s): 235 [details]
additional source Whiteaves J.F. (1872). Notes on a deep-sea dredging-expedition round the Island of Anticosti, in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (Ser. 4) 10, pp. 341-354.
page(s): 345 [details]
additional source Whiteaves J.F. (1901). Catalogue of the marine Invertebrata of eastern Canada. Geological Survey of Canada, 722, pp. 1-272., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12912999
page(s): 39 [details]
additional source Grieg, J.A., 1913. Bidrag til kundskapen om Hardangerfjordens fauna. Bergens Mus. Arb. 1913 1: 1-147.
page(s): 144 [details]
additional source Verrill, A.E., 1871. Notes on Radiata. No. 7. On the geographical distribution of the polypes of the West coast of America. Trans. Connecticut Acad. Arts Sci. 1 : 558-567.
page(s): 559, 560 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1872-1874). Results of recent dredging expeditions on the coast of New England. <em>American Journal of Science and Arts.</em> ser. 3, 5: 1-16 [issue for January 1873; separate copies distributed 13 Dec. 1872]; 5: 98-106 [Feb. 1873]; 6: 435-441 [Dec. 1873]; 7: 38-46 [Jan. 1874]; 7: 131-138 [Feb. 1874]; 7: 405-414, pls 4-5 [April 1874]; 7: 498-505, pls 6-8 [May 1874]., available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36820545
page(s): 9, 413, 504 [details]
additional source Verrill, Addison Emery. (1874). Explorations of Casco Bay by the U.S. Fish Commission in 1873. <em>Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.</em> 22: 340-395, 6 plates., available online at http://archive.org/stream/proceedingsamer11sciegoog#page/n594/mode/2up
page(s): 356, 364 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1885). Results of the explorations made by the Steamer Albatross off the northern coast of the United States, in 1883. <em>Annual Report of the United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries, Washington.</em> 11, 503-699, plates 1-43 (begin p.604)., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/30854749
page(s): 534 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1873). Brief contributions to zooelogy, from the museum of Yale College; No. XXV, Results of recent dredging expeditions on the coast of New England, No. 3. <em>American Journal of Science.</em> s3-6(36): 435–440., available online at https://ajsonline.org/article/65062-brief-contributions-to-zooelogy-from-the-museum-of-yale-college-no-xxv-results-of-recent-dredging-expeditions-on-the-coast-of-new-england-no-3
page(s): 440 [details]
additional source Verrill, A.E. (1869). On the parasitic habits of Crustacea. <em>The American Naturalist.</em> 3(5): 239-250.
page(s): 243-244 [details]
additional source Sanamyan, N. P. & Sanamyan, K. E. (2007). The genera Urticina and Cribrinopsis (Anthozoa: Actiniaria) from the north‐western Pacific. <em>Journal of Natural History.</em> 40(7-8): 359-393., available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930600703532 [details]
additional source Verrill AE. (1869). Synopsis of the polyps and corals of the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, under Commodore C. Ringgold and Capt. John Rodgers, U.S.N., from 1853 to 1856. Collected by Dr. Wm. Stimpson, Naturalist to the Expedition. <em>Communications of the Essex Institute, Salem.</em> 6 (1): 51-104, pls. 1-2., available online at https://doi.org/10.1086/270634
page(s): 62-63 [28-29] [details]
additional source Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
page(s): 231 [details]
context source (Hexacorallia) Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
basis of record van der Land, J.; den Hartog, J.H. (2001). Actiniaria, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 106-109 (look up in IMIS) [details]
basis of record Hand, C. (1955). The sea anemones of central California Part II. The endomyarian and mesomyarian anemones. <em>Wasmann Journal of Biology.</em> 13: 37-99.
note: Hand (1955) uses the name Urticina crassiconis (Mueller, 1776) for animals from California, although this name had previously been applied only to animals from the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. ...
Hand (1955) uses the name Urticina crassiconis (Mueller, 1776) for animals from California, although this name had previously been applied only to animals from the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. This is widely perceived to be a misapplication (see e.g., Manuel, 1981 or Sanamyan & Sanamyan 2007)
additional source Manuel, R. L. (1981). British Anthozoa. <em>London: Academic Press.</em> 241 pp. (Synopses of the British Fauna). [details]
additional source Carlgren, O. (1893). Studien über Nordische Actinien. <em>K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., Bd. XXV, No. 10. Stockholm.</em>
page(s): 58-64, 135, 148, Pl. I fig. 20 [details]
additional source Verrill, A.E. (1928). Hawaiian shallow water Anthozoa. <em>Bulletin of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum.</em> 49: 1-30, pls. 1-5., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38875672
page(s): 25 [details]
additional source Hauswaldt, J. S.; Pearson, K. E. (1999). Urticina mcpeaki, a new species of sea anemone (Anthozoa: Actiniaria: Actiniidae) from the North American Pacific coast. <em>Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.</em> 112(4), 652-660.
page(s): 652, 658-659 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1879). Preliminary check-list of the marine invertebrata of the Atlantic coast, from Cape Cod to the Gulf of Saint Lawrence. <em>Tuttle, Morehouse & Taylor, Printers. New Haven.</em> pp. 32.
page(s): 15 [details]
additional source Parker, T.; Tunnicliffe, V. (1994). Dispersal strategies of the biota on an oceanic seamount: implications for ecology and biogeography. Biol. Bull., 187: 336-345
page(s): 339 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1899). Descriptions of imperfectly known and new actinians, with critical notes on other species. American Journal of Science, 7: 41-50, 143-146, 205-218, 375-380
page(s): 43, 207-208, 216 [details]
additional source den Hartog, J. C. (1987). A redescription of the sea anemone Bunodosoma biscayensis (Fischer, 1874) (Actiniaria, Actiniidae). Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 61(36): 533-559, available online at https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/318818
page(s): 555 [details] Available for editors
additional source Duerden, J. E. (1902). Report on the actinians of Porto Rico [Investigations of the aquatic resources and fisheries of Porto Rico by the U.S. Fish Commission Steamer Fish Hawk in 1899]. Bulletin of the U.S. Fisheries Commission, 20, 2, 323-374
page(s): 358 [details]
additional source Sebens, K. P. (1998). Anthozoa: Actiniaria, Zoanthidea, Corallimorpharia, and Ceriantharia. National Marine Fisheries Service. Seattle., volume 141, pp. 1-67
page(s): 11, 14, 44, 52 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1868-1870). Review of the corals and polyps of the west coast of America. <em>Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences.</em> 1, 6, 377-558.
page(s): 469-470 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1922). The Actiniaria of the Canadian Arctic Expeditions, with notes on interesting species from Hudson Bay and other Canadian localities. Report on the Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913-1918, 8, G, 89-164
page(s): 104-107 [details]
additional source Fautin, D. G.; Kozloff, E. N.; Siebert, A. E. (1987). Phylum Cnidaria - Class Anthozoa. University of Washington Press. Seattle and London., pp. 68-78
page(s): 76, 77 [details]
additional source Haddon, A. C. (1889). A revision of the British Actiniae. Part I. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society, 4, 2, 297-361
page(s): 298, 316 [details]
additional source Hertwig, R. (1882). Report on the Actiniaria dredged by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of the H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-76 (Zoology), 6(1): 1-136
page(s): 49 [details]
additional source McMurrich, J. P. (1901). Report on the Hexactiniæ of the Columbia University Expedition to Puget Sound during the summer of 1896. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 14(1): 1-52
page(s): 16, 22, 28-35 [details]
additional source McMurrich, J. P. (1904). The Actiniae of the Plate collection. Zoologische Jahrbücher, 6 Suppl.(2): 215-306
page(s): 254 [details]
additional source Pax, F. (1914). Die Actinien. Ergebnisse und Fortschritte aus der Zoologie, 4, 339-640
page(s): 615, 616, 618 [details]
additional source Kostina, E. E. (1988). Biogeographical characteristics of sea anemones of the Pacific boreal region. Biologiya Morya, 1988(3): 14-21
page(s): 18 [details]
additional source den Hartog, J. C. (1986). The Queen Scallop, Chlamys opercularis (L., 1758) (Bivalvia, Pectinidae), as a food item of the sea anemone Urticina eques (Gosse, 1860) (Actiniaria, Actiniidae). Basteria, 50, 87-92
page(s): 88, 91 [details]
additional source Zamponi, M. O.; Acuña, F. H. (1996). El genero Urticina (=Tealia) Ehrenberg, 1834 (Actiniaria) de Barkley Sound (Canada). Physis (Buenos Aires), 52(122-123): 1-12
page(s): 2, 9 [details]
additional source Pax, F. (1920). Die Aktinienfauna von Büsum. Schriften der Zoologischen Station Büsum für Meereskunde, 6(5): 1-24
page(s): 7-12 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1879). Radiates. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 15, 151-153
page(s): 152 [details]
additional source Klinkhardt, W. (1914). Tier- und Pflanzenleban der Nordsee. Biologischen Anstalt auf Helgoland. Leipzig., edition 1, volume 2, pp. 30.
page(s): 10-13 [details]
additional source Song, J. I.; Cha, H. R. (2002). Taxonomy of Actiniidae (Anthozoa, Actiniaria, Thenaria, Endomyaria) from Korea. Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology, 18(2): 253-270
page(s): 264-267, 253, 262, 268 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1870). On the geographical distribution of the polyps of the west coast of America. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1, 7, 558-567
page(s): 559, 560 [details]
additional source Cline, E. I.; Wolowyk, M. W. (1997). Cardiac stimulatory, cytotoxic and cytolytic activity of extracts of sea anemones. International Journal of Pharmacognosy, 35(2): 91-98
page(s): 91, 93-95 [details]
additional source Gotshall, D. W. (2005). Guide to Marine Invertebrates: Alaska to Baja California. Sea Challengers. Monterey., edition 2nd (Revised), pp. 117.
page(s): 28 [details]
additional source Excoffon, A. C.; Zamponi, M. O. (1996). Reproducción de Oulactis muscosa Dana, 1849 (Cnidaria, Actiniaria) en el intermareal de Mar del Plata, Argentina. Biociências, 4(1): 127-143
page(s): 134 [details]
additional source Excoffon, A. C.; Zamponi, M. O. (1991). La biologia reproductiva de Phymactis clematis Dana, 1849 (Actiniaria: Actiniidae): gametogenesis, periodos reproductivos, desarrollo embrionario y larval. Spheniscus, 9, 25-39
page(s): 32, 34, 35, 36, 37 [details]
additional source Eckelbarger, K. J.; Hand, C. H.; Uhlinger, K. R. (2008). Ultrastructural features of the trophonema and oogenesis in the starlet sea anemone, Nematostella vectensis (Edwardsiidae). Invertebrate Biology, 127(4): 3810395
page(s): 392 [details]
additional source Sanamyan, N. P.; Sanamyan, K. E. (2006). The genera Urticina and Cribrinopsis (Anthozoa: Actiniaria) from the north-western Pacific. Journal of Natural History, 40(7-8): 359-393
page(s): 359, 360, 372-375, 383, 388-390 [details]
additional source Nevalainen, T. J. (2008). Phospholipases A2 in the genome of the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part D, 3, 226-233
page(s): 226, 228, 229 [details]
additional source Lamb, A.; Hanby, B. P. (2005). Sea anemones, corals, hydroids, hydrocorals, jellies and others: Phylum Cnidaria (aka Coelenterata). Habour Publishing. Madeira Park, pp. 80-113
page(s): 83 [details]
additional source Christidis, J.; Chintiroglou, C. C.; Culley, M. B. (1997). A study of the populations of Calliactis parasitica (Couch, 1842) in symbiosis with anomuran decapods in Thermaikos Gulf (N. Aegean Sea). Crustaceana, 70(2): 227-238
page(s): 235 [details]
additional source Whiteaves J.F. (1872). Notes on a deep-sea dredging-expedition round the Island of Anticosti, in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (Ser. 4) 10, pp. 341-354.
page(s): 345 [details]
additional source Whiteaves J.F. (1901). Catalogue of the marine Invertebrata of eastern Canada. Geological Survey of Canada, 722, pp. 1-272., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12912999
page(s): 39 [details]
additional source Grieg, J.A., 1913. Bidrag til kundskapen om Hardangerfjordens fauna. Bergens Mus. Arb. 1913 1: 1-147.
page(s): 144 [details]
additional source Verrill, A.E., 1871. Notes on Radiata. No. 7. On the geographical distribution of the polypes of the West coast of America. Trans. Connecticut Acad. Arts Sci. 1 : 558-567.
page(s): 559, 560 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1872-1874). Results of recent dredging expeditions on the coast of New England. <em>American Journal of Science and Arts.</em> ser. 3, 5: 1-16 [issue for January 1873; separate copies distributed 13 Dec. 1872]; 5: 98-106 [Feb. 1873]; 6: 435-441 [Dec. 1873]; 7: 38-46 [Jan. 1874]; 7: 131-138 [Feb. 1874]; 7: 405-414, pls 4-5 [April 1874]; 7: 498-505, pls 6-8 [May 1874]., available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36820545
page(s): 9, 413, 504 [details]
additional source Verrill, Addison Emery. (1874). Explorations of Casco Bay by the U.S. Fish Commission in 1873. <em>Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.</em> 22: 340-395, 6 plates., available online at http://archive.org/stream/proceedingsamer11sciegoog#page/n594/mode/2up
page(s): 356, 364 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1885). Results of the explorations made by the Steamer Albatross off the northern coast of the United States, in 1883. <em>Annual Report of the United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries, Washington.</em> 11, 503-699, plates 1-43 (begin p.604)., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/30854749
page(s): 534 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1873). Brief contributions to zooelogy, from the museum of Yale College; No. XXV, Results of recent dredging expeditions on the coast of New England, No. 3. <em>American Journal of Science.</em> s3-6(36): 435–440., available online at https://ajsonline.org/article/65062-brief-contributions-to-zooelogy-from-the-museum-of-yale-college-no-xxv-results-of-recent-dredging-expeditions-on-the-coast-of-new-england-no-3
page(s): 440 [details]
additional source Verrill, A.E. (1869). On the parasitic habits of Crustacea. <em>The American Naturalist.</em> 3(5): 239-250.
page(s): 243-244 [details]
additional source Sanamyan, N. P. & Sanamyan, K. E. (2007). The genera Urticina and Cribrinopsis (Anthozoa: Actiniaria) from the north‐western Pacific. <em>Journal of Natural History.</em> 40(7-8): 359-393., available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930600703532 [details]
additional source Verrill AE. (1869). Synopsis of the polyps and corals of the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, under Commodore C. Ringgold and Capt. John Rodgers, U.S.N., from 1853 to 1856. Collected by Dr. Wm. Stimpson, Naturalist to the Expedition. <em>Communications of the Essex Institute, Salem.</em> 6 (1): 51-104, pls. 1-2., available online at https://doi.org/10.1086/270634
page(s): 62-63 [28-29] [details]
additional source Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
