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Polychaeta taxon detailsArenicola marina (Linnaeus, 1758)
129868 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:129868)
accepted
Species
Arenicola abildgaardti Castelnau, 1842 · unaccepted (subjective synonym)
Arenicola carbonaria Leach, 1816 · unaccepted (subjective synonym)
Arenicola clavata Ranzani, 1817 · unaccepted (subjective synonym)
Arenicola natalis Girard, 1856 · unaccepted (subjective synonym)
Arenicola piscatorum Lamarck, 1801 · unaccepted (objective synonym, unnecessary...)
objective synonym, unnecessary replacement name Arenicola tinctoria Leach, 1816 · unaccepted (subjective synonym)
Clymenides sulfurea Claparède, 1863 · unaccepted
Lumbricus marinus Linnaeus, 1758 · unaccepted (superseded original combination)
Lumbricus papillosus Müller, 1776 · unaccepted (subjective synonym)
Nereis lumbricoides Pallas, 1788 · unaccepted (subjective synonym)
marine,
recent only
(of Lumbricus marinus Linnaeus, 1758) Linnaeus, C. (1758). <i>Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis</i>. Laurentii Salvii. Holmiae [Stockholm]. [iii] + 824 pp. , available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886
page(s): 648 [details] Available for editors  [request](of Arenicola piscatorum Lamarck, 1801) Lamarck, J. B. de. (1801). Système des animaux sans vertèbres, ou tableau général des classes, des ordres et des genres de ces animaux. <em>Published by the author and Deterville, Paris.</em> : viii + 432 pp., available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14117719 page(s): 324 [details] 
Type locality contained in European waters (ERMS scope), Swedish...
type locality contained in European waters (ERMS scope) [from synonym] [view taxon] [details]
type locality contained in Swedish Exclusive Economic Zone [from synonym] [view taxon] [details]
Distribution Gulf of St. Lawrence (unspecified region), southern Gaspe waters (Baie des Chaleurs, Gaspe Bay to American, Orphan and...
Distribution Gulf of St. Lawrence (unspecified region), southern Gaspe waters (Baie des Chaleurs, Gaspe Bay to American, Orphan and Bradelle banks; eastern boundary: eastern Bradelle Valley), downstream part of middle St. Lawrence estuary, lower St. Lawrence estuary, lower North Shore, Prince Edward Island (from the northern tip of Miscou Island, N.B. to Cape Breton Island south of Cheticamp, including the Northumberland Strait and Georges Bay to the Canso Strait causeway); western slope of Newfoundland, including the southern part of the Strait of Belle Isle but excluding the upper 50m in the area southwest of Newfoundland; Cobscook Bay [details]
Read, G.; Fauchald, K. (Ed.) (2025). World Polychaeta Database. Arenicola marina (Linnaeus, 1758). Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/polychaeta/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=129868 on 2026-06-09
Date action by
original description
(of Lumbricus marinus Linnaeus, 1758) Linnaeus, C. (1758). <i>Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis</i>. Laurentii Salvii. Holmiae [Stockholm]. [iii] + 824 pp. , available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886
page(s): 648 [details] Available for editors [request]original description (of Nereis lumbricoides Pallas, 1788) Pallas P. S. (1788). Marina varia nova et rariora. <em>Nova Acta Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanea.</em> 2: 229-249, plates 5-7., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10095676 page(s): 233-234, plate V figures 19, 19*; note: The figure shows a lugworm [details] original description (of Arenicola abildgaardti Castelnau, 1842) Castelnau, F. L. de Laporte de. (1842). L'Histoire naturelle des Annélides. p.1-46, pls.1-7, in P.H. Lucas ed., Histoire naturelle des animaux articulés. 1. Histoire naturelle des Crustaces, des Arachnides et des Myriopodes: Paris. 600 pp., 46 pls., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33043318 [details] original description (of Arenicola carbonaria Leach, 1816) Leach, W.E. (1816). Annulosa. <em>In Book Series: Encyclopedia Britannica, vol 1 of 5, supplement to the fourth, fifth and sixth editions.</em> 1(2): 401-453, pls. 20-26. (June1816)., available online at https://digital.nls.uk/encyclopaedia-britannica/archive/193057498 page(s): 452, plate XXVI 1 figure [details] original description (of Arenicola clavata Ranzani, 1817) Ranzani, Camillo. (1817). Descrizione di una nuova specie del genere Arenicola di Lamarck. <em>Opuscoli scientifici, Bologna.</em> 1: 110-112, plate 4., available online at http://books.google.com/books?id=w8M-AAAAYAAJ note: As Arenicola clavatus [details] original description (of Arenicola natalis Girard, 1856) Girard, Charles 1856. Arenicola natalis Girard. Boston Soc.Nat.Hist., Proc., 5: 88-90. [details] original description (of Arenicola piscatorum Lamarck, 1801) Lamarck, J. B. de. (1801). Système des animaux sans vertèbres, ou tableau général des classes, des ordres et des genres de ces animaux. <em>Published by the author and Deterville, Paris.</em> : viii + 432 pp., available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14117719 page(s): 324 [details] original description (of Arenicola tinctoria Leach, 1816) Leach, W.E. (1816). Annulosa. <em>In Book Series: Encyclopedia Britannica, vol 1 of 5, supplement to the fourth, fifth and sixth editions.</em> 1(2): 401-453, pls. 20-26. (June1816)., available online at https://digital.nls.uk/encyclopaedia-britannica/archive/193057498 page(s): 452 [details] original description (of Clymenides sulfurea Claparède, 1863) Claparède, A. R. É. (1863). Beobachtungen über Anatomie und Entwicklungsgeschichte wirbelloser Thiere: an der Küste von Normandie angestellt. [Observations on the anatomy and evolution of invertebrates: made on the coast of Normandy.]. <em>Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig.</em> 1-120, 18 plates., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/10030 [details] original description (of Lumbricus papillosus Müller, 1776) Müller, O.F. (1776). Zoologiae Danicae Prodromus, seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae Indigenarum characters, nomina, et synonyma imprimis popularium. [Prodromus of Danish Zoology, or the characters, names, and synonyms of the indigenous animals of Denmark and Norway, especially of the popular ones.]. <em>Typis Hallageriis, Havniae.</em> 32: 1-282., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47550 page(s): 216, no. 2615 [no figures]; note: Greenland [details] context source (Schelde) Maris, T., O. Beauchard, S. Van Damme, E. Van den Bergh, S. Wijnhoven & P. Meire. (2013). Referentiematrices en Ecotoopoppervlaktes Annex bij de Evaluatiemethodiek Schelde-estuarium Studie naar “Ecotoopoppervlaktes en intactness index”. [Reference matrices and Ecotope areas Annex to the Evaluation methodology Scheldt estuary Study on “Ecotope areas and intactness index”. <em>Monitor Taskforce Publication Series, 2013-01. NIOZ: Yerseke.</em> 35 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] context source (BeRMS 2020) Bio-environmental research group; Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries research (ILVO), Belgium; (2016): Macrobenthos monitoring in function of dredge disposal monitoring in the Belgian part of the North Sea. [details] additional source Marenzeller, Emil von. (1887). Polychäten der Angra Pequena-Bucht. <em>Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere.</em> 3(1): 1-24, plate I., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10342013 page(s): 12-15, plate I fig. 5 [details] additional source Malmgren, A.J. (1867). Annulata Polychaeta Spetsbergiæ, Grœnlandiæ, Islandiæ et Scandinaviæ. Hactenus Cognita. Ex Officina Frenckelliana, Helsingforslæ. 127 pp. & XIV plates., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/13358 [details] additional source Trott, T. J. (2004). Cobscook Bay inventory: a historical checklist of marine invertebrates spanning 162 years. <em>Northeastern Naturalist.</em> 11, 261-324., available online at http://www.gulfofmaine.org/kb/files/9793/TROTT-Cobscook%20List.pdf [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Dille, Marthe R.; Kongsrud, Jon A.; Hektoen, Martin M.; Bakken, Torkild. (2024). Arenicolidae (Annelida) in Norwegian waters: Species occurrence, bathymetric distribution and identification of juvenile specimens. <em>African Zoology.</em> Efirst: 1-8., available online at https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15627020.2024.2418099 note: occurrence commentary for Norway and discussion of molecular data [details] additional source Hayward, P.J. & J.S. Ryland (Eds.). (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. <em>Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK.</em> 627 pp. (look up in IMIS), available online at https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198573562.001.0001 [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Linnaeus, C. (1758). <i>Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis</i>. Laurentii Salvii. Holmiae [Stockholm]. [iii] + 824 pp. , available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886 [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). , available online at http://www.itis.gov [details] additional source Brunel, P., L. Bosse & G. Lamarche. (1998). Catalogue of the marine invertebrates of the estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence. <em>Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 126.</em> 405 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Muller, Y. (2004). Faune et flore du littoral du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Belgique: inventaire. [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. <em>Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France.</em> 307 pp., available online at http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/145561.pdf [details] additional source Ashworth, James Hartley 1912. Catalogue of the Chaetopoda in the British Museum. A. Polychaeta: Part 1. Arenicolidae. 1-175. British Museum of Natural History. London., available online at https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.1022 [details] additional source Ehlers, E. (1901). Die Polychaeten des magellanischen und chilenischen Strandes. Ein faunistischer Versuch. <em>Festschrift zur Feier des Hundertfünfzigjährigen Bestehens des Königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Physikalischen Klasse.</em> 1-232, 25 plates., available online at http://www.annelida.net/docs/Ehlers1901_PolychaetenMagellanischenChilenischenStrandes.pdf page(s): 176-177 [details] additional source Hartman, Olga. (1959). Catalogue of the Polychaetous Annelids of the World. Parts 1 and 2. <em>Allan Hancock Foundation Occasional Paper.</em> 23: 1-628. [details] Available for editors [request]additional source Horst, Rutger. (1889). Contributions towards the knowledge of the Annelida Polychaeta. II. On <i>Arenicola</i>-specimens from the Gulf of Naples. <em>Notes from the Leyden Museum.</em> 11(1): 37-45, plate 3., available online at https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/508699 page(s): 40, plate 3 figs. 2-5 [details] redescription Jirkov, I.A. (2001). [Polychaeta of the Arctic Ocean] (In Russian) Polikhety severnogo Ledovitogo Okeana. Yanus-K Press, Moscow, 632 pp., available online at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259865957_Jirkov_2001_Polychaeta_of_the_North_Polar_Basin [details] Available for editors [request] Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
Additional information Disambiguation of the common English name. "Lugworm" may also be used incorrectly as the general English name representing any locally harvested for sale bristleworm in Korea, China, Japan, etc. Consequently, nereidid baitworms such as Perinereis aibuhitensis (q.v.) imported into California strangely are known there as lugworms. Also Asian trade statistics referring to lugworms are not relevant to arenicolid usage elsewhere. [details]Spelling Genera -cola endings should be masculine according to the modern Code ("unless its author, when establishing the name, stated that it is feminine or treated it as feminine"). Unfortunately Lamarck, the creator of 'Arenicola' genus, wrongly changes the Linnaean 'marinus', which would have been suitable to retain, to a new species name 'piscatorum'. Subsequently McIntosh's (1915: 59) long list of synonyms for Arenicola marina ought to be able to be used to track the alternative feminine spelling evolution that has occurred, rather than the masculine 'marinus' expected. However, checking these shows that McIntosh is an unreliable reporter, at least concerning gender endings. According to McIntosh's list Linnaeus's original 'marinus' early was feminised as 'marina', for example in Payraudeau (1826: 18, but this a false citation - Payraudeau doesn't have Arenicola marina, rather he has A. piscatorum), Templeton (1836: 234, is a true citation as Arenicola marina, but is a listing only. McIntosh's list would suggest Arenicola marina was almost never used as Arenicola marinus. Oken (1817) is an early exception. Notably Ranzani (1817) early added a new species to the genus with a masculine ending (A. clavatus) and in the German translation by Oken the name is also Arenicola clavatus, but again McIntosh wrongly reports this name as A. clavata. The transition to feminine is not as clear cut as looking at McIntosh would indicate, but it did happen. [details] Unreviewed
Distribution Gulf of St. Lawrence (unspecified region), southern Gaspe waters (Baie des Chaleurs, Gaspe Bay to American, Orphan and Bradelle banks; eastern boundary: eastern Bradelle Valley), downstream part of middle St. Lawrence estuary, lower St. Lawrence estuary, lower North Shore, Prince Edward Island (from the northern tip of Miscou Island, N.B. to Cape Breton Island south of Cheticamp, including the Northumberland Strait and Georges Bay to the Canso Strait causeway); western slope of Newfoundland, including the southern part of the Strait of Belle Isle but excluding the upper 50m in the area southwest of Newfoundland; Cobscook Bay [details]Habitat intertidal and infralittoral of the Gulf and estuary [details]
BIOTIC
Lugworm, a fisherman's viewpoint ("bait of the art") Marine Life Information Network - UK To Barcode of Life (44 barcodes) To Biodiversity Heritage Library (319 publications) (from synonym Arenicola piscatorum Lamarck, 1801) To Biodiversity Heritage Library (33 publications) (from synonym Lumbricus papillosus Müller, 1776) To Biodiversity Heritage Library (340 publications) To Biodiversity Heritage Library (98 publications) (from synonym Lumbricus marinus Linnaeus, 1758) To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Arenicola marina) To GenBank (16801 nucleotides; 409 proteins) To GenBank (16801 nucleotides; 409 proteins) (from synonym Lumbricus marinus Linnaeus, 1758) To Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI) To NHMUK collection (Arenicola marina (Linnaeus) 1758; NON-TYPE; NHMUK:ecatalogue:9474040) To PESI To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Annelida Collection (51 records) To ITIS From editor or global species database
Hosted externally
Unreviewed
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