Turbellarians name details
Macrorhynchus bivittatus (Uljanin, 1870) Pereyaslawzewa, 1892
485634 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:485634)
unaccepted
Species
Macrorhynchus Graff, 1882 accepted as Graffiellus Hornung, 2016
Acrorhynchus bivittatus (Uljanin, 1870) Graff, 1882 · unaccepted
Gyrator reticulatus Sekera, 1901 · unaccepted
recent only
Pereyaslawzewa, S. (1892). Monographie des Turbellariés de la Mer Noire. <em>Memoires de la Sociéte des Naturalistes de la Nouvelle-Russie.</em> 17: 1-303. [details] 
(of Gyrator bivittatus Uljanin, 1870) Uljanin, W. (1870). Die Turbellarien der Bucht von Sebastopol. <em>Berichte des Vereins der Freunde der Naturwissenschaften zu Moskou.</em> 96pp + 7pl. [details]
(of Gyrator bivittatus Uljanin, 1870) Uljanin, W. (1870). Die Turbellarien der Bucht von Sebastopol. <em>Berichte des Vereins der Freunde der Naturwissenschaften zu Moskou.</em> 96pp + 7pl. [details]
Taxonomic remark The taxonomy of the names Gyrator bivittatus, Acrorhynchus bivittatus, and Macrorhynchus bivittatus has a complex history:
Taxonomic remark The taxonomy of the names Gyrator bivittatus, Acrorhynchus bivittatus, and Macrorhynchus bivittatus has a complex history:
* According to Pereyeslawzewa (1894) and Fuhrmann (1904), all are synonymous. Moreover, Fuhrmann (1904) considers them synonymous with Macrorhynchus mamertinus/Macrorhynchus coeruleus/Gyrator reticulatus (all three now indeed considered synonyms of Progyrator mamertinus)
* According to Graff (1905: p. 121), Pereyaslawzewa and Fuhrmann are correct in synonymising M. mamertinus, M. coeruleus and G. reticulatus, but explicitly states that Gyrator bivittatus and Macrorhynchus bivittatus (= Acrorhynchus bivittatus) are not the same species as that one, and also themselves represent two different species. Hence he recognises three species: (i) Macrorhynchus mamertinus, (ii) Gyrator (= Macrorhynchus) bivittatus Uljanin, 1870, and (iii) Macrorhynchus bivittatus sensu Pereyaslawzewa, 1892 nec Uljanin, 1870. As in his works he considers all three of them as belonging to the same genus (Acrorhynchus), he is forced to coin a new name for "M. bivittatus sensu Pereyeslawzewa, 1892 nec Uljanin,1870", and he names it Acrorhynchus reprobatus Graff, 1905).
* Evdonin (1977; p. 265) considers all these names synonymous of Progyrator mamertinus, which considering the original descriptions interpreted in the framework of modern practice and standards in polycystidid taxonomy is a correct decision. Therefore, this view is followed here.
[details]
* According to Pereyeslawzewa (1894) and Fuhrmann (1904), all are synonymous. Moreover, Fuhrmann (1904) considers them synonymous with Macrorhynchus mamertinus/Macrorhynchus coeruleus/Gyrator reticulatus (all three now indeed considered synonyms of Progyrator mamertinus)
* According to Graff (1905: p. 121), Pereyaslawzewa and Fuhrmann are correct in synonymising M. mamertinus, M. coeruleus and G. reticulatus, but explicitly states that Gyrator bivittatus and Macrorhynchus bivittatus (= Acrorhynchus bivittatus) are not the same species as that one, and also themselves represent two different species. Hence he recognises three species: (i) Macrorhynchus mamertinus, (ii) Gyrator (= Macrorhynchus) bivittatus Uljanin, 1870, and (iii) Macrorhynchus bivittatus sensu Pereyaslawzewa, 1892 nec Uljanin, 1870. As in his works he considers all three of them as belonging to the same genus (Acrorhynchus), he is forced to coin a new name for "M. bivittatus sensu Pereyeslawzewa, 1892 nec Uljanin,1870", and he names it Acrorhynchus reprobatus Graff, 1905).
* Evdonin (1977; p. 265) considers all these names synonymous of Progyrator mamertinus, which considering the original descriptions interpreted in the framework of modern practice and standards in polycystidid taxonomy is a correct decision. Therefore, this view is followed here.
[details]
Tyler, S., Artois, T.; Schilling, S.; Hooge, M.; Bush, L.F. (eds) (2006-2024). World List of turbellarian worms: Acoelomorpha, Catenulida, Rhabditophora. Macrorhynchus bivittatus (Uljanin, 1870) Pereyaslawzewa, 1892. Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/turbellarians/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=485634 on 2026-07-07
Date
action
by
original description
Pereyaslawzewa, S. (1892). Monographie des Turbellariés de la Mer Noire. <em>Memoires de la Sociéte des Naturalistes de la Nouvelle-Russie.</em> 17: 1-303. [details]
original description (of Gyrator bivittatus Uljanin, 1870) Uljanin, W. (1870). Die Turbellarien der Bucht von Sebastopol. <em>Berichte des Vereins der Freunde der Naturwissenschaften zu Moskou.</em> 96pp + 7pl. [details]
taxonomy source Graff, L. von. (1905). Marine Turbellarien Orotavas und der Küsten Europas. II. Rhabdocoela. <em>Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie.</em> 83: 68-150. With 5 plates., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/43242488
note: See nomenclatural note. [details]
source of synonymy Evdonin, L. A. (1977). Monograph of the Turbellaria Kalyptorhynchia in the fauna of the USSR and adjacent areas. [In Russian]. Fauna USSR. Turbellaria, Vol 1, Pt 1. Fauna USSR (NS), 115:1-400 [details] Available for editors
new combination reference Pereyaslawzewa, S. (1892). Monographie des Turbellariés de la Mer Noire. <em>Memoires de la Sociéte des Naturalistes de la Nouvelle-Russie.</em> 17: 1-303. [details]
original description (of Gyrator bivittatus Uljanin, 1870) Uljanin, W. (1870). Die Turbellarien der Bucht von Sebastopol. <em>Berichte des Vereins der Freunde der Naturwissenschaften zu Moskou.</em> 96pp + 7pl. [details]
taxonomy source Graff, L. von. (1905). Marine Turbellarien Orotavas und der Küsten Europas. II. Rhabdocoela. <em>Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie.</em> 83: 68-150. With 5 plates., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/43242488
note: See nomenclatural note. [details]
source of synonymy Evdonin, L. A. (1977). Monograph of the Turbellaria Kalyptorhynchia in the fauna of the USSR and adjacent areas. [In Russian]. Fauna USSR. Turbellaria, Vol 1, Pt 1. Fauna USSR (NS), 115:1-400 [details] Available for editors
new combination reference Pereyaslawzewa, S. (1892). Monographie des Turbellariés de la Mer Noire. <em>Memoires de la Sociéte des Naturalistes de la Nouvelle-Russie.</em> 17: 1-303. [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
Taxonomic remark The taxonomy of the names Gyrator bivittatus, Acrorhynchus bivittatus, and Macrorhynchus bivittatus has a complex history: * According to Pereyeslawzewa (1894) and Fuhrmann (1904), all are synonymous. Moreover, Fuhrmann (1904) considers them synonymous with Macrorhynchus mamertinus/Macrorhynchus coeruleus/Gyrator reticulatus (all three now indeed considered synonyms of Progyrator mamertinus)
* According to Graff (1905: p. 121), Pereyaslawzewa and Fuhrmann are correct in synonymising M. mamertinus, M. coeruleus and G. reticulatus, but explicitly states that Gyrator bivittatus and Macrorhynchus bivittatus (= Acrorhynchus bivittatus) are not the same species as that one, and also themselves represent two different species. Hence he recognises three species: (i) Macrorhynchus mamertinus, (ii) Gyrator (= Macrorhynchus) bivittatus Uljanin, 1870, and (iii) Macrorhynchus bivittatus sensu Pereyaslawzewa, 1892 nec Uljanin, 1870. As in his works he considers all three of them as belonging to the same genus (Acrorhynchus), he is forced to coin a new name for "M. bivittatus sensu Pereyeslawzewa, 1892 nec Uljanin,1870", and he names it Acrorhynchus reprobatus Graff, 1905).
* Evdonin (1977; p. 265) considers all these names synonymous of Progyrator mamertinus, which considering the original descriptions interpreted in the framework of modern practice and standards in polycystidid taxonomy is a correct decision. Therefore, this view is followed here.
[details]
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (4 publications) (from synonym Acrorhynchus bivittatus (Uljanin, 1870) Graff, 1882)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (5 publications)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (6 publications) (from synonym Gyrator reticulatus Sekera, 1901)
To PESI
To PESI (from synonym Acrorhynchus bivittatus (Uljanin, 1870) Graff, 1882)
To the Turbellarian Taxonomic Database
(from synonym Acrorhynchus bivittatus (Uljanin, 1870) Graff, 1882)
To the Turbellarian Taxonomic Database
To the Turbellarian Taxonomic Database
(from synonym Gyrator reticulatus Sekera, 1901)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (5 publications)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (6 publications) (from synonym Gyrator reticulatus Sekera, 1901)
To PESI
To PESI (from synonym Acrorhynchus bivittatus (Uljanin, 1870) Graff, 1882)
To the Turbellarian Taxonomic Database
(from synonym Acrorhynchus bivittatus (Uljanin, 1870) Graff, 1882)To the Turbellarian Taxonomic Database
To the Turbellarian Taxonomic Database
(from synonym Gyrator reticulatus Sekera, 1901)