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Copepoda taxon detailsMicrocyclops Claus, 1893
 347501 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:347501)
accepted
Genus
Microcyclops gracilis (Lilljeborg, 1853) accepted as Metacyclops gracilis gracilis (Lilljeborg, 1853) (type by original designation)
Cyclops (Microcyclops) Claus, 1893 · unaccepted
Claus, C. (1893). Neue Beobachtungen über die Organisation und Entwicklung von Cyclops. Ein Beitrag zur Systematik der Cyclopiden. <em>Arbeiten aus dem Zoologischen Institut der Universität zu Wien.</em> 10:283-356, pls. 31-37.
page(s): 347 [details] 
Taxonomic remark These comments are from Maria Holynska, 3/1/2023, they are the result of her current understanding of the history of Micro-...
Taxonomic remark These comments are from Maria Holynska, 3/1/2023, they are the result of her current understanding of the history of Micro- and Cyrpto- cyclops, this is only a background informational summary of the current understanding of the two genera and their common and different affinities. "Claus (1893) erected the genus Microcyclops, which included the species: M. diaphanus G.O.Sars (=M. minutus Claus), gracilis Lilljeborg, bicolor G.O. Sars, varicans G.O. Sars. Claus (1893) did not designate the type species. Sars (1927) erected the genus Cryptocyclops, which included the species: varicans G.O. Sars, bicolor G.O. Sars, C. gracilis Lilljeborg, attenuatus G.O. Sars, exiguus G.O. Sars, cunnningtoni G.O. Sars, pachycomus G.O. Sars, assimilis G.O. Sars, crassipes G.O. Sars, caudatus G.O. Sars, inopinatus G.O. Sars. Sars (1927) wrote about Cryptocyclops assimilis “allied to the typical species C. varicans G.O. Sars,” Such a wording, however, is ambiguous and should not be considered as unequivocal designation of the type species (see below article ICZN 67.5). ICZN 67.5 “Examples. A statement such as any of the following is not to be regarded as a type designation in the meaning of the Code: "Aus xus is a typical example of the genus Aus"; "the venation of the anterior wings of Aus xus is typical of the genus Aus"; "Aus xus may possibly be the type of Aus". Microcyclops and Cryptocyclops are not objective synonyms, which would be the case if they would have had the same type species. Sars’ Cryptocyclops includes the species in Claus’s Microcyclops; therefore Microcyclops was considered as senior (subjective) synonym in next few decades. Kiefer 1929 [“Zur Kenntnis einiger Artengruppen der Süsswasser-Cyclopiden”] considered Sars’ Cryptocyclops as “completely identical” with Microcyclops, yet in this same work he distinguished two lineages within Microcyclops, namely varicans and bicolor. “Wie oben die in der untergattung Microcyclops vereinigten Formen sich in zwei naturliche aste gliederten [varicans and bicolor] Kiefer 1929 [“Crustacea Copepoda II Cyclopoida Gnathostoma”] used the classification Genus Cyclops, Subgenus Microcyclops and designated two(!) types: “Typen: C. (M.) varicans O. Sars und C. (M.) bicolor O. Sars” Designation of these two types corresponds to Kiefer’s opinion about the two evolutionary lineages within Microcyclops, yet two species cannot be designated as a type of single (sub)genus, therefore the type designation in Kiefer, 1929 cannot be considered as valid. Remarks from Maria Holynska Feb 2023 Kiefer 1939 [“Yale North India Expedition”] used the classification Microcyclops (Cryptocyclops) for the species linjanticus Kiefer 1952 [“Exploration du Parc National Albert Mission H. Damas (1935-1936)”] The classification applied,“Gattung Cryptocyclops Sars, 1927” Kiefer wrote as follows In meiner Arbeit uber die freilebenden Ruderfusskrebse der “Yale North India Expedition” (Kiefer, 1939 habe ich die bis dahin gebrauchlichen Untergattungen innerhalb der Familie der Cyclopidae zu selbstandingen Gattungen erhoben. Lediglich die Gattung Microcyclops ist damals noch zwei Untergattungen aufgeteilt geblieben, namlich in Microcyclops s. str. un Cryptocyclops. Heute scheint es mir angebracht, auch diese beiden Gruppen noch als letze zu verselbstandigen. Die varicans-Verwandten sind im Genus Microcyclops Claus 1893, zusammenzufassen. Fur die bicolor-Ahnlichen aber ist die Bezeichnung Cryptocyclops Sars 1927 als Gattungnamen anzuwenden. ...Typus der Gattung Microcyclops ist M. varicans (Sars), Genotypus von Cryptocyclops die Art bicolor (Sars).” “In my work on the free-living copepods of the Yale North India Expedition (Kiefer, 1939), I elevated the previously used subgenera within the family Cyclopidae to independent genera. Only the genus Microcyclops remained divided into two subgenera, namely Microcyclops s. str. and Cryptocyclops [it was mentioned as Cryptocyclops “Untergattung S [details]
Walter, T.C.; Boxshall, G. (2024). World of Copepods Database. Microcyclops Claus, 1893. Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/copepoda/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=347501 on 2024-09-20
Date action by
original description
Claus, C. (1893). Neue Beobachtungen über die Organisation und Entwicklung von Cyclops. Ein Beitrag zur Systematik der Cyclopiden. <em>Arbeiten aus dem Zoologischen Institut der Universität zu Wien.</em> 10:283-356, pls. 31-37.
page(s): 347 [details] original description (of Cyclops (Microcyclops) Claus, 1893) Claus, C. (1893). Neue Beobachtungen über die Organisation und Entwicklung von Cyclops. Ein Beitrag zur Systematik der Cyclopiden. <em>Arbeiten aus dem Zoologischen Institut der Universität zu Wien.</em> 10:283-356, pls. 31-37. page(s): 343 [details] additional source Monchenko, V.I. (1974). Shchelepnoroti tsiklopodiny, tsiklopi (Cyclopidae). Gnathostoma, Cyclopoida, (Cyclopidae). <em>Fauna Ukrainy, Fauna of Ukraine, Vidavnitstvo Naukova Dumka, Kiev.</em> 27(3):1-452, figs. 1-142. (28-vi-1974, Ukrainian). page(s): 356-358 [details] Available for editors  [request] additional source Sars, G.O. (1927). The freshwater Entomostraca of the Cape Province (Union of South Africa). Part III: Copepoda. <em>Annals of the South African Museum.</em> 25(5): 85-149. [details] Available for editors [request] additional source Rylov, V.M. (1963). Freshwater Cyclopoida. Cyclopoida presnykh vod. <em>Fauna of USSR, Crustacea.</em> 3(3): i-vi, 1-314, figs. 1-79. ( Translation by Israel Program Scient. Trans. of Rylov, V.M. (1948). Cyclopoida presnyk vod. Cyclopoid fauna. Fauna SSSR Rakoobraznye, Moscow. 3(3):1-318, figs. 1-79. [details] Available for editors [request] additional source Claus, C. (1893). Über die Antennen der Cyclopiden und die Auflösung der Gattung Cyclops in Gattungen und Untergattungen. <em>Anzeiger der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch- Naturwissenschaftlichen Klasse.</em> 30(9):79-83. [details]  Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
Taxonomic remark These comments are from Maria Holynska, 3/1/2023, they are the result of her current understanding of the history of Micro- and Cyrpto- cyclops, this is only a background informational summary of the current understanding of the two genera and their common and different affinities."Claus (1893) erected the genus Microcyclops, which included the species: M. diaphanus G.O.Sars (=M. minutus Claus), gracilis Lilljeborg, bicolor G.O. Sars, varicans G.O. Sars. Claus (1893) did not designate the type species. Sars (1927) erected the genus Cryptocyclops, which included the species: varicans G.O. Sars, bicolor G.O. Sars, C. gracilis Lilljeborg, attenuatus G.O. Sars, exiguus G.O. Sars, cunnningtoni G.O. Sars, pachycomus G.O. Sars, assimilis G.O. Sars, crassipes G.O. Sars, caudatus G.O. Sars, inopinatus G.O. Sars. Sars (1927) wrote about Cryptocyclops assimilis “allied to the typical species C. varicans G.O. Sars,” Such a wording, however, is ambiguous and should not be considered as unequivocal designation of the type species (see below article ICZN 67.5). ICZN 67.5 “Examples. A statement such as any of the following is not to be regarded as a type designation in the meaning of the Code: "Aus xus is a typical example of the genus Aus"; "the venation of the anterior wings of Aus xus is typical of the genus Aus"; "Aus xus may possibly be the type of Aus". Microcyclops and Cryptocyclops are not objective synonyms, which would be the case if they would have had the same type species. Sars’ Cryptocyclops includes the species in Claus’s Microcyclops; therefore Microcyclops was considered as senior (subjective) synonym in next few decades. Kiefer 1929 [“Zur Kenntnis einiger Artengruppen der Süsswasser-Cyclopiden”] considered Sars’ Cryptocyclops as “completely identical” with Microcyclops, yet in this same work he distinguished two lineages within Microcyclops, namely varicans and bicolor. “Wie oben die in der untergattung Microcyclops vereinigten Formen sich in zwei naturliche aste gliederten [varicans and bicolor] Kiefer 1929 [“Crustacea Copepoda II Cyclopoida Gnathostoma”] used the classification Genus Cyclops, Subgenus Microcyclops and designated two(!) types: “Typen: C. (M.) varicans O. Sars und C. (M.) bicolor O. Sars” Designation of these two types corresponds to Kiefer’s opinion about the two evolutionary lineages within Microcyclops, yet two species cannot be designated as a type of single (sub)genus, therefore the type designation in Kiefer, 1929 cannot be considered as valid. Remarks from Maria Holynska Feb 2023 Kiefer 1939 [“Yale North India Expedition”] used the classification Microcyclops (Cryptocyclops) for the species linjanticus Kiefer 1952 [“Exploration du Parc National Albert Mission H. Damas (1935-1936)”] The classification applied,“Gattung Cryptocyclops Sars, 1927” Kiefer wrote as follows In meiner Arbeit uber die freilebenden Ruderfusskrebse der “Yale North India Expedition” (Kiefer, 1939 habe ich die bis dahin gebrauchlichen Untergattungen innerhalb der Familie der Cyclopidae zu selbstandingen Gattungen erhoben. Lediglich die Gattung Microcyclops ist damals noch zwei Untergattungen aufgeteilt geblieben, namlich in Microcyclops s. str. un Cryptocyclops. Heute scheint es mir angebracht, auch diese beiden Gruppen noch als letze zu verselbstandigen. Die varicans-Verwandten sind im Genus Microcyclops Claus 1893, zusammenzufassen. Fur die bicolor-Ahnlichen aber ist die Bezeichnung Cryptocyclops Sars 1927 als Gattungnamen anzuwenden. ...Typus der Gattung Microcyclops ist M. varicans (Sars), Genotypus von Cryptocyclops die Art bicolor (Sars).” “In my work on the free-living copepods of the Yale North India Expedition (Kiefer, 1939), I elevated the previously used subgenera within the family Cyclopidae to independent genera. Only the genus Microcyclops remained divided into two subgenera, namely Microcyclops s. str. and Cryptocyclops [it was mentioned as Cryptocyclops “Untergattung S [details] |
