WoRMS taxon details
From editor or global species database
Nomenclature We add here Van Soest et al.'s (2020: 19) explanation for the proposed homonym:
Removal of homonymy between Callyspongia conica (Von Lendenfeld, 1887), Callyspongia conica (Keller, 1889), and Callyspongia conica (Brøndsted, 1924).
1. Dactylochalina conica Von Lendenfeld, 1887: 811 (type locality Torres Strait, Australia). Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Valentine (2002: 836) accept the synonymy of Dactylochalina Von Lendenfeld, 1886 included in Callyspongia, following earlier authors (e.g. Wiedenmayer 1997; Van Soest 1980), rendering Von Lendenfeld’s 1887 species nominally a Callyspongia. However, Hooper & Wiedenmayer (1994: 108) indicated that Von Lendenfeld’s species was unrecognisable from its published description, requiring re-examination of the dry BMNH holotype (and AM the histological preparation) to confirm or refute its allocation to Callyspongia. Nevertheless, this species remains the senior secondary homonym of Callyspongia conica (ICZN Art. 57.3).
2. Phylosiphonia conica Keller, 1889: 379 (type locality Eritrea, Red Sea). Phylosiphonia Von Lendenfeld, 1887 was synonymised with Chalinula Schmidt, 1868 (Chalinidae) based on the designation of the type species by Burton (1934) clearly belonging to the Chalinidae (de Weerdt 2002: 853), but the majority of other species originally allocated to Phylosiphonia presented features more typical of Callyspongiidae, including P. conica Keller, 1889, rendering it a junior secondary homonym of Callyspongia conica (Von Lendenfeld, 1887), and requiring a new name (ICZN Art. 57.3).
3. Pachychalina conica Brøndsted, 1924: 454 (type locality Bay of Plenty, New Zealand). Pachychalina Schmidt, 1868 is currently a valid genus allocated to Niphatidae (e.g. Desqueyroux-Faundez & Valentine 2002: 888), but now includes only 11 of the >60 species allocated to it since first erected. Many of those other species were reallocated to Callyspongia, including P. conica Brøndsted, 1924 (Van Soest et al. 2019), making it nominally a junior secondary homonym of Callyspongia conica (Von Lendenfeld, 1887). Previously Burton (1932) had reallocated P. conica Brøndsted to the Chalinidae as Haliclona, on the basis of its paratangential ectosomal skeleton, rather than tangential as more typical of Callyspongiidae. Bergquist & Warne (1980: 27) comprehensively redescribed and illustrated new material from New Zealand, and whilst acknowledging the ectosomal skeleton was more typical of a Niphatidae, such as Amphimedon, they suggested the species should remain in Callyspongia for the interim, leaving it a junior secondary homonym of Von Lendenfeld’s species and requiring a new name (ICZN Art. 57.3).
4. Summary: Callyspongia conica Von Lendenfeld, 1887 is to be maintained as the senior secondary homonym of Callyspongia conica (Keller, 1889), and Callyspongia conica (Brøndsted, 1924) (ICZN Art. 57.3). Callyspongia conica (Keller, 1889) is a junior secondary homonym of Callyspongia conica (Von Lendenfeld, 1887) for which there is no known synonym and needs a new name (ICZN Art 57.3, 59.1 & 60.3), for which Callyspongia kelleri nom. nov. was prposed, named after Conrad Keller. Callyspongia conica (Brøndsted, 1924) is a junior secondary homonym of Callyspongia conica (Von Lendenfeld, 1887) and Callyspongia conica (Keller, 1889) requiring a new name in the absence of known synonyms (ICZN 57.3, Art. 59.1 & 60.3), for which Callyspongia brondstedi nom. nov. was proposed (q.v.), named after Holger Valdemar Brøndsted. [details]
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