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AfReMaS source details
Hooper, J. N. A. (2002 [2004]). Family Desmoxyidae Hallmann, 1917. Pp. 755–772. In: Hooper, J.N.A.; Van Soest, R.W.M. (2002 [2004]). Systema Porifera. A Guide to the Classification of Sponges. (2 volumes). Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publ., New York. 1708+xlviii. ISBN 978-1-4615-0747-5 (eBook electronic version).
404772
Hooper, J. N. A.
2002 [2004]
Family Desmoxyidae Hallmann, 1917. Pp. 755–772. <em>In: </em>Hooper, J.N.A.; Van Soest, R.W.M. (2002 [2004])
Systema Porifera. A Guide to the Classification of Sponges
(2 volumes). Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publ., New York. 1708+xlviii. ISBN 978-1-4615-0747-5 (eBook electronic version)
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Desmoxyidae Hallmann (Demospongiae, Halichondrida) contains 19 genera, 10 of which are recognised here, and probably less than 100 species worldwide. Desmoxyids are widely distributed and live mainly in shallow coastal waters but a few have also been recorded from 1300m depth. Major morphological characters diagnostic for the family include spined or smooth diactinal microscleres (oxeas or strongyles), often centrangulate or strongly bent centrally, localised in the ectosomal region; choanosomal skeleton with monactinal (styles or tylostyles) and/or diactinal spicules forming confused reticulate tracts or widely spaced, irregular muitispicular bundles bound together by sparse collagen, or enclosed in poorly developed fibres; microscleres also sometimes include raphides occurring singly or in bundles (trichodragmata), or acanthose microrhabds (sanidaster-like), acanthose cladotoxa and birotules.
Systematics, Taxonomy
Date action by
Acanthoxifer Dendy, 1905 accepted as Myrmekioderma Ehlers, 1870 (basis of record)
Acanthoxifer fourmanoiri Lévi, 1956 accepted as Myrmekioderma granulatum (Esper, 1829) (source of synonymy) Alloscleria Topsent, 1927 (redescription) Anacanthaea Row, 1911 accepted as Myrmekioderma Ehlers, 1870 (basis of record) Anacanthaea nivea Row, 1911 accepted as Myrmekioderma niveum (Row, 1911) (additional source) Dendropsis Ridley & Dendy, 1886 accepted as Higginsia Higgin, 1877 (basis of record) Dendropsis bidentifera Ridley & Dendy, 1886 accepted as Higginsia bidentifera (Ridley & Dendy, 1886) (basis of record) Desmoxyidae Hallmann, 1917 (taxonomy source) Didiscus Dendy, 1922 (additional source) Epipolasis suluensis (Wilson, 1925) (basis of record) Halicnemia Bowerbank, 1864 (taxonomy source) Halicnemia tenuispinosa (Topsent, 1927) accepted as Alloscleria tenuispinosa Topsent, 1927 (source of synonymy) Heteroxyidae Dendy, 1905 (additional source) Higginsia Higgin, 1877 (taxonomy source) Higginsia arborea (Keller, 1891) (basis of record) Higginsia bidentifera (Ridley & Dendy, 1886) (basis of record) Higginsia coralloides Higgin, 1877 (basis of record) Higginsia natalensis Carter, 1885 (basis of record) Microxistyla Topsent, 1928 (basis of record) Microxistyla petrina Topsent, 1928 (basis of record) Myrmekioderma Ehlers, 1870 (basis of record) Myrmekioderma granulatum (Esper, 1829) (additional source) Myrmekioderma spelaeum (Pulitzer-Finali, 1983) (basis of record) Negombo Dendy, 1905 (basis of record) Negombo kellyae Hooper, 2002 (original description) |