WoRMS taxon details
original description
Rafinesque, C. S. (1810). Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della sicilia, con varie osservazioni sopra i medisimi. <em>Per le stampe di Sanfilippo: Palermo, Italy.</em> Part 1 involves fishes, pp. [i-iv] 3-69 [70 blank], Part 2 with slightly different title, pp. ia-iva + 71-105 [106 blank]). Pls. 1-20., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47825964 [details]
original description
(of Carcharias griseus Ayres, 1843) Ayres, W. O. (1843). Descriptions of four species of fish from Brookhaven, L. I., all of which are believed to be new. <em>Boston Journal of Natural History.</em> 4 (3) (24): 293-302, 12-13. [details]
context source (Deepsea)
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO. The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), available online at http://www.iobis.org/ [details]
context source (RAS)
Australian Antarctic Data Centre. , available online at https://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/biodiversity/ [details]
context source (Bermuda)
Smith-Vaniz, W. F.; Collette, B. B.; Luckhurst, B. E (1999). Fishes of Bermuda: History, zoogeography, annotated checklist, and identification keys
(American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists - Special Publication No.4)
. ASIH, 424 pp. [details]
basis of record
van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 357-374 (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source
Collette, B. B., ; Klein-MacPhee, G. (2002). Bigelow and Schroeder's Fishes of the Gulf of Maine. <em>Smithsonian Institution Press.</em> 1-748. [details]
additional source
Compagno, L.J.V. (1984). FAO Species Catalogue No. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1. Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. (125) Vol 4, Part 1. 246 pp. FAO, Rome. [details]
additional source
McEachran, J. D. (2009). Fishes (Vertebrata: Pisces) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 1223–1316 in: Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas. [details]
additional source
Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). Checklist of marine biota of China seas. <em>China Science Press.</em> 1267 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source
Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2024). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (06/2024)., available online at https://www.fishbase.org [details]
ecology source
Looby, A.; Erbe, C.; Bravo, S.; Cox, K.; Davies, H. L.; Di Iorio, L.; Jézéquel, Y.; Juanes, F.; Martin, C. W.; Mooney, T. A.; Radford, C.; Reynolds, L. K.; Rice, A. N.; Riera, A.; Rountree, R.; Spriel, B.; Stanley, J.; Vela, S.; Parsons, M. J. G. (2023). Global inventory of species categorized by known underwater sonifery. <em>Scientific Data.</em> 10(1). (look up in IMIS), available online at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02745-4 [details]
Unreviewed
Description Lives mostly on or near the bottom, from the surf zone, in shallow bays, and around coral and rocky reefs down to at least 191 m depth on the outer shelves (Ref. 247). Migratory species which feeds on small fish, sharks, rays, squids, and on crabs and lobsters occasionally (Ref. 5213). Maybe solitary or forms small to large schools. Reproduction features ovophagy or uterine cannibalism. Only one of 16-23 egg cases survives. Inoffensive and unaggresive when not provoked (Ref. 247). [details]
Diet feeds on a wide variety of bony fishes (teleosts), with elasmobranchs an important secondary prey; crustaceans, cephalopods, and marine mammals are also taken. Bony fish prey includes herring (Clupeidae), anchovies (Engraulidae), hake (Merluccidae), eels (Anguillidae), monkfish or anglers (Lophiidae), cusk eels (Ophidiidae), lizardfish (Synodontidae), sea catfish (Ariidae), croakers (Sciaenidae), Australian salmon (Arripidae), morwong (Cheilodactylidae), rock blackfish or opaleyes (Girellidae), bluefish, elf or taylor (Pomatomidae), mackerel and bonito (Scombridae),butterfishes (Stromateidae), snappers (Lutjanidae), wrasses (Labridae), mullet (Mugilidae), spadefish (Chaetodipteridae), sea robins (Triglidae), flatheads (Platycephalidae), duckbills (Percophidae), midshipmen (Batrachodidae), sea basses(Serranidae), porgies or sea bream (Sparidae), jacks (Carangidae), remoras (Echeneidae), flatfish (Pleuronectiformes) including soles (Soleidae), American soles (Achiridae), Atlantic flounders (Scophthalmidae), and righteye flounders (Paralichthyidae), and undoubtedly many others. Elasmobranch prey includes requiem sharks (Carcharhinidae), houndsharks (Triakidae), angel sharks (Squatinidae), skates (Rajidae) and their egg cases, and eagle rays (Aetobatus and Myliobatis, Myliobatidae). Invertebrate prey includes squid (Loliginidae), crabs, lobsters and hermit crabs (Paguridae). Plant material is rarely found in stomach contents, and presumably is accidentally ingested along with animal prey. [details]
Diet Feeds on bony fishes, small sharks, rays, squids, crabs and lobsters [details]
Distribution Gulf of Maine to Argentina [details]
Habitat benthic [details]
Habitat An inshore and offshore, littoral shark. This shark occurs in the surf zone off sandy and rocky beaches, in shallow bays, on offshore banks and reefs, in underwater caves, in troughs on sandy areas, and around coral and rocky reefs from the intertidal less than 1mdeep down to at least 191 m, with most at depths of 15 to 25 m. This species is often found near or on the bottom but also occurs in midwater or at the surface. [details]
Habitat Found at depths of 0-191 m, often on or near the bottom. [details]
Importance Social- Commercial, gamefish [details]
Length Maximum total length at least 318 cm, with recent records from shark meshing operations in Australia suggesting a maximum of at least 4.3 m. Older accounts attribute a size of at least 6.1 m to this species (Day, 1878), but this is unlikely. Size at birth 95 to 105 cm. Males maturing at about 190 to 195 cm with adults 220 to 257+ cm; females maturing at 220 cm or more and reaching 300+ cm, with immatures up to 225 cm. [details]
Predators Man [details]
Reproduction Ovoviviparous; has one of the lowest reproductive rates known among elasmobranchs, 1-2 large young every 2 years; in Florida waters, the birthing season is November to February [details]
Language | Name | |
---|
Afrikaans |
spikkel-skeurtandhaai |
[details] |
Albanian |
peshkaqen i egër [from synonym] |
[details] |
Dutch |
zandtijgerhaai |
[details] |
English |
yellow sharkyellow bellytiger sharkspotted ragged-tooth sharkshovel-nosed sharkshovelnose sharksandtiger sharksand tiger sharksand tigersand sharkraggieraggedtooth sharkOwston’s sand sharkgrey sharkgrey nurse sharkgrey nursebrown sharkblue nurse shark |
[details] |
French |
verdounrequin taureaurequin sable tacheteodontaspide taureaulamio |
[details] |
German |
SandtigerhaiSandtiger |
[details] |
Hebrew |
כריש-שן שורי [from synonym] |
[details] |
Hindi |
toro bambacodundanee |
[details] |
Italian |
triglochide tauropisci caniodontaspe taurocarcharia tauro |
[details] |
Japanese |
シロワニumiwanishirowani |
[details] |
Modern Greek (1453-) |
Ταυροκαρχαρίας |
[details] |
Polish |
tawrosz piaskowy |
[details] |
Spanish |
toro bacotatiburón torotiburón de leznastiburón arenero tigretiburónsardapez toro |
[details] |
Turkish |
pamuk balığıpamuk baligikum kaplanıkum kaplani |
[details] |
Ukrainian |
Звичайна піщана акулаАкула піщана звичайна |
[details] |
Vietnamese |
ca nham nhonca nham nhan |
[details] |
To Barcode of Life (from synonym Odontaspis taurus (Rafinesque, 1810))
To Barcode of Life (115 barcodes)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication) (from synonym Carcharhinus taurus (Rafinesque, 1810))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication) (from synonym Carcharias platensis (Lahille, 1928))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication) (from synonym Odontaspis cinerea Ramsay, 1880)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (12 publications) (from synonym Carcharias arenarius Ogilby, 1911)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (2 publications) (from synonym Lamna ecarinata Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1899)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (25 publications) (from synonym Squalus littoralis Lesueur, 1818)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (29 publications) (from synonym Carcharias griseus Ayres, 1843)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (4 publications) (from synonym Carcharias owstoni Garman, 1913)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (42 publications) (from synonym Odontaspis americanus (Mitchill, 1815))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (69 publications) (from synonym Squalus americanus Mitchill, 1815)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (79 publications)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (8 publications) (from synonym Squalus macrodus Mitchill, 1818)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (81 publications) (from synonym Odontaspis taurus (Rafinesque, 1810))
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL) (from synonym Odontaspis taurus (Rafinesque, 1810))
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL)
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL) (from synonym Eugomphodus taurus (Rafinesque, 1810))
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Carcharias taurus)
To FAO Species fact sheets
To FishBase
To FishBase (from synonym Eugomphodus taurus (Rafinesque, 1810))
To FishBase (from synonym Carcharhinus taurus (Rafinesque, 1810))
To FishBase (from synonym Carcharias arenarius Ogilby, 1911)
To FishBase (from synonym Lamna ecarinata Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1899)
To FishBase (from synonym Carcharias platensis (Lahille, 1928))
To FishBase (from synonym Odontaspis americanus (Mitchill, 1815))
To FishBase (from synonym Carcharias owstoni Garman, 1913)
To FishBase (from synonym Carcharias griseus Ayres, 1843)
To FishBase (from synonym Squalus americanus Mitchill, 1815)
To FishBase (from synonym Squalus littoralis Lesueur, 1818)
To FishBase (from synonym Charcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810)
To Fishbase (from synonym Carcharias littoralis (Lesueur, 1818))
To FishBase (from synonym Squalus lixa Larrañaga, 1923)
To FishBase (from synonym Squalus macrodus Mitchill, 1818)
To FishBase (from synonym Odontaspis arenarius (Ogilby, 1911))
To FishBase (from synonym Odontaspis cinerea Ramsay, 1880)
To FishBase (from synonym Odontaspis platensis Lahille, 1928)
To FishBase (from synonym Odontaspis taurus (Rafinesque, 1810))
To FishBase images (Carcharias taurus, by Choromanski, J.M.)
To Fishipedia
To GenBank (159 nucleotides; 181 proteins)
To GenBank (159 nucleotides; 181 proteins) (from synonym Eugomphodus taurus (Rafinesque, 1810))
To GenBank (159 nucleotides; 181 proteins) (from synonym Odontaspis taurus (Rafinesque, 1810))
To Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)
To IUCN Red List (Critically Endangered)
To NMNH Extant Collection (Carcharias taurus P02421 illustration)
To NMNH Extant Collection (Carcharias taurus USNM 110933)
To NMNH Extant Collection (Eugomphodus taurus RAD100023-001) (from synonym Eugomphodus taurus (Rafinesque, 1810))
To NMNH Extant Collection (Eugomphodus taurus RAD100023-001) (from synonym Eugomphodus taurus (Rafinesque, 1810))
To PESI
To PESI (from synonym Eugomphodus taurus (Rafinesque, 1810))
To PESI (from synonym Odontaspis taurus (Rafinesque, 1810))
From editor or global species database
Unreviewed
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