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Porifera taxon detailsCallyspongia (Callyspongia) tubulosa (Linnaeus, 1759)
 234291 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:234291)
accepted
Species
Callyspongia tubulosa sensu (Esper, 1797) · alternative representation (subgenus assignment)
Phylosiphonia (Anatoxius) pumila Lendenfeld, 1887 · unaccepted (genus transfer and junior synonym)
Phylosiphonia (Anatoxius) tenuispina Lendenfeld, 1887 · unaccepted (genus transfer and junior synonym)
Scypha tubulosa (Linnaeus, 1759) · unaccepted (genus transfer)
Siphonochalina tubulosa (Esper, 1797) · unaccepted (genus transfer)
Spongia tubulosa sensu Esper, 1797 · unaccepted (genus transfer)
Spongia tubulosa sensu Pallas, 1766 · unaccepted (genus transfer)
Spongia tubulosa sensu Ellis & Solander, 1786 · unaccepted (genus transfer and junior synonym)
Spongia tubulosa Linnaeus, 1759 · unaccepted (genus transfer and taxon inquirendum)
marine,
recent only
(of Spongia tubulosa Linnaeus, 1759) Linnaeus, C. (1759). Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus II. Editio decima, reformata. - pp. [1-4], 825-1384. Holmiæ. (L. Salvii)., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/587267 [details]
Taxonomy We cite here Van Soest et al.'s (2020: 61-62) explanation of the status and synonymies of this combination.
Removal of...
Taxonomy We cite here Van Soest et al.'s (2020: 61-62) explanation of the status and synonymies of this combination. Removal of homonymy between Callyspongia tubulosa (Linnaeus, 1759) and Spongia tubulosa (Schulze, 1879). 1. Spongia tubulosa Linnaeus, 1759: 1348 (no type locality mentioned). Linnaeus (1759: 1348) gives no data on this species except a three word description: ‘Spongia tubulosa ramosa’. The name is used again in Linnaeus (1767: 1297), but there provided with several (pre-Linnaean) sources, the first of which is Van Royen (1740: 522) as “Spongia tenax ramosissima erecta, ramos teniusculis obtusis”. As a third reference he cites Spongia fastigiata Pallas, 1766: 392, which in turn cites an image in Seba (1758: pl. 97 fig. 2), and as locality ‘Indian Ocean’. The World Porifera Database (2019) had Pallas’ species erroneously accepted as Halichondria fastigiata, taxon inquirendum. The Seba image to which Pallas refers is clearly not a sponge, almost certainly a zoanthid (Cnidaria, Zoantharia), but it remains unclaimed in that animal group (cf. Reimer & Sinniger 2019). Curiously, Pallas (1766: 383) also reports a Spongia tubulosa of his own, which is here treated as a misapplication of Linnaeus’ S. tubulosa. The description is unrecognizable, it is also likely not a sponge, and there are no references cited, not even Linnaeus'. Ellis & Solander (1786: 188, pl. 58 fig. 7) cite Linnaeus (1767: 1297), and provide the information that the specimen was collected by William Webber at Batavia (= Jakarta, Indonesia). In fact there is no certainty that Linnaeus’ (1759, 1767), and Ellis & Solander’s specimens represent the same species. Esper (1797: 196, pl. LIV), referring to Linnaeus (1767) and citing all the other references provided here, depicts a sponge from Cape of Good Hope, somewhat resembling Ellis & Solander’s Batavia sponge. This latter sponge is definitely not a zoanthid, but a proper sponge. Ehlers (1870: 19) redescribed Esper’s sponge and assigned it to Siphonochalina Schmidt, 1868: 7. Stephens (1915: 457) reports this same species from South Africa as Siphonochalina, while Burton (1936: 141) followed by Samaai & Gibbons (2005: 83) reassigned it to Callyspongia Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864: 56. Before this, Lamarck (1814: 438), also reported Spongia tubulosa, from ‘Grandes Indes’, citing only Ellis & Solander’s description and figure. Redescription of Lamarck’s specimen by Topsent (1932: 82) revealed that Lamarck’s specimen belongs to the genus Hyattella Von Lendenfeld, 1888: 233, which means that Lamarck’s assignment of Spongia tubulosa is a misapplication of Ellis & Solander’s concept of the species. In summary, the original combination by Linnaeus (1759) allows the species to be interpreted in different ways, including as a zoanthid, but later authors (Ellis & Solander, Esper) convincingly narrowed the properties of it to a recognizable sponge occurring in the East Indies and South Africa. The name is best referred to the authorship of Linnaeus (1759) as the eldest available name. 2. Euspongia officinalis var. tubulosa Schulze, 1879: 620 (type locality Adriatic, Mediterranean). Euspongia Bronn, 1859: 12 is a junior synonym of Spongia Linnaeus, 1759, so Schulze’s name is a junior secondary homonym of Spongia tubulosa Linnaeus, 1759. Topsent (1938: 2) reassigned Schulze’s species to Spongia (Spongia) virgultosa (Schmidt, 1868: 4) as a junior synonym, and thus he removed the homonymy with Linnaeus’ S. tubulosa. 3. Summary: Callyspongia (Callyspongia) tubulosa (Linnaeus, 1759) is to be maintained as the senior secondary homonym (ICZN Art. 57.3). Spongia (Spongia) tubulosa (Schulze, 1879) is a junior secondary homonym, but its junior synonymy with Spongia (Spongia) virgultosa (Schmidt, 1868) removed the homonymy (ICZN Art. 60.2). [details]
de Voogd, N.J.; Alvarez, B.; Boury-Esnault, N.; Cárdenas, P.; Díaz, M.-C.; Dohrmann, M.; Downey, R.; Goodwin, C.; Hajdu, E.; Hooper, J.N.A.; Kelly, M.; Klautau, M.; Lim, S.C.; Manconi, R.; Morrow, C.; Pinheiro, U.; Pisera, A.B.; Ríos, P.; Rützler, K.; Schönberg, C.; Turner, T.; Vacelet, J.; van Soest, R.W.M.; Xavier, J. (2024). World Porifera Database. Callyspongia (Callyspongia) tubulosa (Linnaeus, 1759). Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/porifera/porifera.php?p=taxdetails&id=234291 on 2024-04-23
Date action by
original description
(of Phylosiphonia (Anatoxius) pumila Lendenfeld, 1887) Lendenfeld, R. von. (1887). Die Chalineen des australischen Gebietes. <em>Zoologische Jahrbücher, Jena.</em> 2: 723-828, pls XVIII-XXVII.
page(s): 799-800 [details] original description (of Phylosiphonia (Anatoxius) tenuispina Lendenfeld, 1887) Lendenfeld, R. von. (1887). Die Chalineen des australischen Gebietes. <em>Zoologische Jahrbücher, Jena.</em> 2: 723-828, pls XVIII-XXVII. page(s): 800 [details] original description (of Spongia tubulosa sensu Ellis & Solander, 1786) Ellis, J.; Solander, D. (1786). The Natural History of many curious and uncommon Zoophytes, collected from various parts of the Globe. Systematically arranged and described by the late Daniel Solander. 4.(Benjamin White & Son: London): 1-206, pls 1-63., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41943909 page(s): 188-189 [details] original description (of Spongia tubulosa sensu Esper, 1797) Esper, E.J.C. (1797). Fortsetzungen der Pflanzenthiere in Abbildungennach der Natur mit Farben erleuchtet nebst Beschreibungen. Erster Theil.(Nürnberg): 1-230, pls XXXII-LXI., available online at https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.118730 page(s): 196 [details] original description (of Spongia tubulosa sensu Pallas, 1766) Pallas, P. S. (1766). Elenchus zoophytorum sistens generum adumbrationes generaliores et specierum cognitarum succintas descriptiones, cum selectis auctorum synonymis. <em>[book].</em> pp. 451, Fransiscum Varrentrapp, Hagae., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6019361 page(s): 393 [details] original description (of Spongia tubulosa Linnaeus, 1759) Linnaeus, C. (1759). Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus II. Editio decima, reformata. - pp. [1-4], 825-1384. Holmiæ. (L. Salvii)., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/587267 [details] additional source Van Soest, R.W.M.; Hooper, J.N.A.; Butler, P.J. (2020). Every sponge its own name: removing Porifera homonyms. <em>Zootaxa.</em> 4745(1): 1-93., available online at https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4745.1.1 page(s): 61-62 [details] Available for editors  [request] redescription Samaai, T.; Gibbons, M.J. (2005). Demospongiae taxonomy and biodiversity of the Benguela region on the west coast of South Africa. <em>African Natural History.</em> 1: 1-96. page(s): 83-84 [details] Available for editors [request] basis of record (of Phylosiphonia (Anatoxius) tenuispina Lendenfeld, 1887) Hooper, J.N.A.; Wiedenmayer, F. (1994). Porifera. <i>In</i>: Wells, A. (ed.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 12. Melbourne, CSIRO. , available online at https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/PORIFERA/checklist page(s): 105 [details] basis of record (of Phylosiphonia (Anatoxius) pumila Lendenfeld, 1887) Hooper, J.N.A.; Wiedenmayer, F. (1994). Porifera. <i>In</i>: Wells, A. (ed.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 12. Melbourne, CSIRO. , available online at https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/PORIFERA/checklist [details] basis of record (of Siphonochalina tubulosa (Esper, 1797)) Stephens, J. (1915). Atlantic Sponges collected by the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition. <em>Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.</em> 50(2): 423-467. page(s): 457-459 [details] additional source (of Siphonochalina tubulosa (Esper, 1797)) Burton, M. (1926). Cambridge Expedition to the Suez canal, III. Report on the sponges. <em>Transactions of the Zoological Society.</em> 22: 71-83. page(s): 79 [details] additional source (of Siphonochalina tubulosa (Esper, 1797)) Ridley, S.O. (1884). Spongiida. <em>Report on the Zoological Collections made in the Indo-Pacific Ocean during the Voyage of H.M.S. ‘Alert', 1881-2. (British Museum (Natural History): London).</em> 366-482, pls 39-43; 582-630, pls 53-54. page(s): 401 [details] additional source (of Spongia tubulosa Linnaeus, 1759) Bosc, L.A.G. (1802). Histoire Naturelle des Vers : contenant leur description et leurs moeurs, avec figures dessinées d'après nature. <em>Guilleminet, Paris, chez Deterville.</em> 3 vols. 324 pp. + pls. 1-10; 300 pp. + pls. 11-25; 270 pp. + pls. 26-32. 1-324., available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41758184 page(s): 141 [details] additional source (of Spongia tubulosa sensu Ellis & Solander, 1786) Montagu, G. (1814 [1818]). An Essay on Sponges, with Descriptions of all the Species that have been discovered on the Coast of Great Britain. <em>Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society.</em> 2(1): 67-122, pls III-XVI., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/45847761 page(s): 91; note: Misapplication, probably for a Haliclona species. [details] additional source (of Spongia tubulosa Linnaeus, 1759) Olivi, G. (1792). Zoologia Adriatica, ossia catalogo ragionato degli animali del golfo e della lagune di Venezia. Bassano [G. Remondini e fl.]. [ix] + 334 + xxxii pp., 9 pls., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/123881 [details] new combination reference (of Siphonochalina tubulosa (Esper, 1797)) Ehlers, E. (1870). Die Esper'schen Spongien in der zoologischen Sammlung der K. Universität Erlangen. (E.Th. Jacob: Erlangen): 1-36. page(s): 19 [details] new combination reference (of Scypha tubulosa (Linnaeus, 1759)) Gray, S.F. (1821). A natural arrangement of British Plants. Volume I. Baldwin, London: i-xxvii, 1-821, 21 pls., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/30086635 page(s): 357 [details]  Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
Unknown type (of Spongia tubulosa sensu Esper, 1797) MNHN DT 588 [details]
From editor or global species database
Additional Material SAM-H4939 (fragment BMNH 1997.5.12.46) (Ts 208), Coral Gardens, Oudekraal (33°59’S, 17°23’E), depth 15 m,collected by P. Coetzee, 25 April 1996. BMNH 1997.5.12.55 (fragment Ts 484), BMNH 1997.5.12.78 (fragment Ts 490), Coral Gardens, Oudekraal (33°59’S, 17°23’E), depth 15 m, collected by M.J. Gibbons, 6 October 1996. Ts 204, South Paw, Oudekraal (33°56’S, 17°21’E), depth 17–20 m, collected by P. Coetzee, 23 April 1996. Ts 282, Coral Gardens, Oudekraal (33°59’S, 17°23’E), depth 12 m, collected by T. Samaai, 15 June 1996. Ts 295, Hout Bay (34°03’S, 18°20’E), depth 12–15 m, collected by T. Samaai, 10 June 1996. Ts 309, Jacobs Bay, (32°31’S, 17°30’E), depth 1–3 m, collected by T. Samaai, 10 March 1997. Ts 361, Ts 394, Ts 395, Groenrivier (30°29’S, 17°20’E), depth 1–3 m, collected by T. Samaai, 15 November 1997. [details] Taxonomy We cite here Van Soest et al.'s (2020: 61-62) explanation of the status and synonymies of this combination. Removal of homonymy between Callyspongia tubulosa (Linnaeus, 1759) and Spongia tubulosa (Schulze, 1879). 1. Spongia tubulosa Linnaeus, 1759: 1348 (no type locality mentioned). Linnaeus (1759: 1348) gives no data on this species except a three word description: ‘Spongia tubulosa ramosa’. The name is used again in Linnaeus (1767: 1297), but there provided with several (pre-Linnaean) sources, the first of which is Van Royen (1740: 522) as “Spongia tenax ramosissima erecta, ramos teniusculis obtusis”. As a third reference he cites Spongia fastigiata Pallas, 1766: 392, which in turn cites an image in Seba (1758: pl. 97 fig. 2), and as locality ‘Indian Ocean’. The World Porifera Database (2019) had Pallas’ species erroneously accepted as Halichondria fastigiata, taxon inquirendum. The Seba image to which Pallas refers is clearly not a sponge, almost certainly a zoanthid (Cnidaria, Zoantharia), but it remains unclaimed in that animal group (cf. Reimer & Sinniger 2019). Curiously, Pallas (1766: 383) also reports a Spongia tubulosa of his own, which is here treated as a misapplication of Linnaeus’ S. tubulosa. The description is unrecognizable, it is also likely not a sponge, and there are no references cited, not even Linnaeus'. Ellis & Solander (1786: 188, pl. 58 fig. 7) cite Linnaeus (1767: 1297), and provide the information that the specimen was collected by William Webber at Batavia (= Jakarta, Indonesia). In fact there is no certainty that Linnaeus’ (1759, 1767), and Ellis & Solander’s specimens represent the same species. Esper (1797: 196, pl. LIV), referring to Linnaeus (1767) and citing all the other references provided here, depicts a sponge from Cape of Good Hope, somewhat resembling Ellis & Solander’s Batavia sponge. This latter sponge is definitely not a zoanthid, but a proper sponge. Ehlers (1870: 19) redescribed Esper’s sponge and assigned it to Siphonochalina Schmidt, 1868: 7. Stephens (1915: 457) reports this same species from South Africa as Siphonochalina, while Burton (1936: 141) followed by Samaai & Gibbons (2005: 83) reassigned it to Callyspongia Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864: 56. Before this, Lamarck (1814: 438), also reported Spongia tubulosa, from ‘Grandes Indes’, citing only Ellis & Solander’s description and figure. Redescription of Lamarck’s specimen by Topsent (1932: 82) revealed that Lamarck’s specimen belongs to the genus Hyattella Von Lendenfeld, 1888: 233, which means that Lamarck’s assignment of Spongia tubulosa is a misapplication of Ellis & Solander’s concept of the species. In summary, the original combination by Linnaeus (1759) allows the species to be interpreted in different ways, including as a zoanthid, but later authors (Ellis & Solander, Esper) convincingly narrowed the properties of it to a recognizable sponge occurring in the East Indies and South Africa. The name is best referred to the authorship of Linnaeus (1759) as the eldest available name. 2. Euspongia officinalis var. tubulosa Schulze, 1879: 620 (type locality Adriatic, Mediterranean). Euspongia Bronn, 1859: 12 is a junior synonym of Spongia Linnaeus, 1759, so Schulze’s name is a junior secondary homonym of Spongia tubulosa Linnaeus, 1759. Topsent (1938: 2) reassigned Schulze’s species to Spongia (Spongia) virgultosa (Schmidt, 1868: 4) as a junior synonym, and thus he removed the homonymy with Linnaeus’ S. tubulosa. 3. Summary: Callyspongia (Callyspongia) tubulosa (Linnaeus, 1759) is to be maintained as the senior secondary homonym (ICZN Art. 57.3). Spongia (Spongia) tubulosa (Schulze, 1879) is a junior secondary homonym, but its junior synonymy with Spongia (Spongia) virgultosa (Schmidt, 1868) removed the homonymy (ICZN Art. 60.2). [details]
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (36 publications) (from synonym Spongia tubulosa sensu Ellis & Solander, 1786)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (36 publications) (from synonym Spongia tubulosa sensu Esper, 1797) To Biodiversity Heritage Library (36 publications) (from synonym Spongia tubulosa sensu Pallas, 1766) To Biodiversity Heritage Library (36 publications) (from synonym Spongia tubulosa Linnaeus, 1759) From editor or global species database
Image from synonym
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