WoRMS taxon details
taxonomy source
Van Der Laan, R.; Eschmeyer, W. N.; Fricke, R. (2014). Family-group names of Recent fishes. <em>Zootaxa.</em> 3882(1): 1-230., available online at https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1 [details] Available for editors [request]
context source (PeRMS)
Chirichigno, N.; Cornejo, M. (2001). Catálogo comentado de los peces marinos del Perú. <em>2ª ed. Instituto del Mar de Perú. Publicación Especial. Callao.</em> 314 p. [details]
basis of record
van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 357-374 (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source
Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & Van der Laan, R. (eds). (2024). ECoF. Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References. <em>California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco.</em> Electronic version accessed dd mmm 2024., available online at http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/Ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
Unreviewed
Description Chiefly tropical and subtropical marine; rare in fresh- and brackish water. Distribution: Indian, Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Scaleless or scales modified. Usually blunt head. Pelvic fins present in all but 2 species. Pelvic fin before pectorals; with 1 inconspicuous spine and 2-4 segmented rays. No teeth in palatines; vomerine teeth present. Teeth in jaws comblike, fixed or movable (canine teeth occasionally present). Spines in dorsal fin 3-17, flexible; 9-119 segmented soft rays. Pectoral rays 10-18, unbranched. Branched caudal fin rays, except in 1 species. Two spines in anal fin. All but 1 genus with basisphenoid. Swim bladder usually absent in adults. Usually 28-44 vertebrae, to 135 in Xiphasia. About 54 cm maximum length; most smaller than 15 cm. Capable mimetic behavior. [details]
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