Deep-Sea source details
The annelids with which the present memoir is concerned are embraced in collections made by the Albatross during three distinct expeditions in charge of Mr. Alexander Agassiz to contiguous, and in some degree overlapping, areas of the Tropical Pacific Ocean. In the first of these, explorations were made off the west coasts of Mexico, Central, and northern South America, and off the Galapagos Islands from February to May, 1891. So far as concerns the polychaetes collected, the second expedition covered the region from the Marquesas and Paumotus westward to the Ellice, Gilbert, and Marshall Islands and was carried on from September, 1899, to March, 1900. The third expedition, continued from October, 1904, to March, 1905, covered an extensive area principally off the South American coast from Panama southward to Peru and eastward to the Galapagos, Easter Island, and the Paumotus. In addition, thirteen species from earlier expeditions of the Albatross in the Atlantic are listed in this Memoir.
These three expeditions, with the exception in some degree of the second, covered areas essentially untouched by other expeditions, and the annelid forms have proved in large measure new. No fewer than one hundred and eighteen out of a total of one hundred and seventy-five species seem not to have been previously described, these including twenty-three new generic types of which several are of high interest. While the littoral forms are well represented, these coming chiefly from Panama and the Polynesian Islands, chief interest attaches to the abyssal and pelagic species. The collection of pelagic species is exceptionally rich and important. Aside from relatively numerous representatives of strictly pelagic families, such as the Alciopidae, Typhloscolecidae, and Tomopteridae, many forms from other families were secured which are either in the epitokous pelagic phase or are completely pelagic. Mention may be made of the epitokes of the Nereidae, including the peculiar new genus Kainonereis taken by night light off the Gilbert Islands, and those of the Syllidae, including the new generic type Synelmis. Considerable additions are made to the pelagic species of the Phyllodocidae, two representing new genera, Mastigethus and Nans. To the six previously known pelagic Polynoidae, four are added, three being types of genera of which attention may be called to Plotolepis, a form showing peculiar adaptations to life at the surface in its greatly elongate and inflated notocirri and in its vesicular though reduced elytra. Complete lists of the forms taken in the different bathymetrical zones are given (p. 16-18).
Separate lists of the forms secured by the different expeditions are here given. It may be noted that duplication of species is negligible.
Pacific Ocean
Admetella hastigerens Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Amphicteis obscurior Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Amphicteis orphnius Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Amphicteis uncopalea Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Aphrodita defendens Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Bylgides Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Caulleriella Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Caulleriella bioculata (Keferstein, 1862) (new combination reference)
Caulleriella caputesocis (Saint-Joseph, 1894) accepted as Chaetozone caputesocis (Saint-Joseph, 1894) (new combination reference)
Cenogenus Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Cenogenus descendens Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Cirratulus sinincolens Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Dorvilleidae Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Ephesiella Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Ephesiella minuta (Webster & Benedict, 1887) accepted as Sphaerodoropsis minuta (Webster & Benedict, 1887) accepted as Sphaerodoridium minutum (Webster & Benedict, 1887) (source of synonymy)
Eulepethidae Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Eulepethus Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Eulepis Grube, 1875 accepted as Eulepethus Chamberlin, 1919 (source of synonymy)
Eunoe eura Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Eupista darwini McIntosh, 1885 accepted as Eupistella darwini (McIntosh, 1885) (source of synonymy)
Eupista dibranchiata Fauvel, 1909 accepted as Eupistella dibranchiata (Fauvel, 1909) (source of synonymy)
Eupistella Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Eupistella darwini (McIntosh, 1885) (basis of record)
Eupistella dibranchiata (Fauvel, 1909) (additional source)
Eupolymnia insulana Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Euratella Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Glycera profundi Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Harmopsides Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Lepidasthenia Malmgren, 1867 (original description)
Harmopsides natans Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Lepidasthenia natans (Chamberlin, 1919) (original description)
Harmothoe mexicana Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Lagisca mexicana (Chamberlin, 1919) (original description)
Hyalinoecia tubicola (O.F. Müller, 1776) (additional source)
Ilyphagus Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Ilyphagus ascendens Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Ilyphagus bythincola Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Ilyphagus bythincola Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Kainonereis Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Kebuita Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Asclerocheilus Ashworth, 1901 (original description)
Kesun Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Travisia Johnston, 1840 (original description)
Kesun fusus Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Travisia fusus (Chamberlin, 1919) (original description)
Laetmonice benthaliana McIntosh, 1885 (new combination reference)
Laetmonice wyvillei McIntosh, 1885 (new combination reference)
Leodice segregata Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Eunice segregata (Chamberlin, 1919) (original description)
Lepidasthenia curta Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Leptoecia Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Leptoecia abyssorum Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Maldanella fibrillata Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Melinnidae Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Moyanus Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Melinnopsis McIntosh, 1885 (original description)
Moyanus explorans Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Namanereis Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Notomastus (Clistomastus) Eisig, 1887 accepted as Notomastus M. Sars, 1851 (source of synonymy)
Notomastus latericeus Sars, 1851 (additional source)
Onuphis cobra Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Nothria cobra (Chamberlin, 1919) accepted as Anchinothria cobra (Chamberlin, 1919) (original description)
Onuphis crassisetosa Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Nothria crassisetosa (Chamberlin, 1919) accepted as Anchinothria pycnobranchiata (McIntosh, 1885) (original description)
Onuphis proalopus Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Kinbergonuphis proalopus (Chamberlin, 1919) (original description)
Pabits Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Pabits deroderus Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Paiwa Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Samythopsis McIntosh, 1885 (original description)
Paiwa abyssi Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Samythopsis grubei McIntosh, 1885 (original description)
Paronuphis solenotecton Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Nothria solenotecton (Chamberlin, 1919) (original description)
Plotobia Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Travisiopsis Levinsen, 1885 (original description)
Plotobia coniceps Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Travisiopsis coniceps (Chamberlin, 1919) (original description)
Plotobia simplex Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Travisiopsis lanceolata Southern, 1910 (original description)
Polynoe innatans Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Eucranta innatans (Chamberlin, 1919) (original description)
Potamethus Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Sabellides delus Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Amage delus (Chamberlin, 1919) (original description)
Sabellinae Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Saphobranchia Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Saphobranchia longisetosa (Marenzeller, 1890) (new combination reference)
Scalibregma inflatum Rathke, 1843 (additional source)
Scione Malmgren, 1866 accepted as Axionice Malmgren, 1866 (status source)
Semiodera Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Sonatsa Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Maldane Grube, 1860 (original description)
Sonatsa meridionalis Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Maldane meridionalis (Chamberlin, 1919) (original description)
Spirorbinae Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Spirorbis (Laeospira) Caullery & Mesnil, 1897 accepted as Spirorbis (Spirorbis) Daudin, 1800 (status source)
Sternaspis maior Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Synelmis Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Terebellides eurystethus Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Therochaeta Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Tomopteris eura Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Tomopteris pacifica Izuka, 1914 represented as Tomopteris (Johnstonella) pacifica (Izuka, 1914) (original description)
Travisia profundi Chamberlin, 1919 (original description)
Typhlonereis gracilis Hansen, 1879 (additional source)
Holotype USNM 19357, geounit Galapagos Islands, identified as Eupolymnia insulana Chamberlin, 1919
Chamberlin (1919:470) used new subfamily Caobangiiniae, and by the principle of coordination is author of ... [details]
Chamberlin (1919: 326) places Enonella bicarinata in Lumbrineridae, while commenting that it is incompletely ... [details]
Chamberlin (1919) introduces Heteromaldaninae for Heteromaldane Ehlers, 1908 in a key with the contrasting couplet ... [details]
Formerly a subfamily in Ampharetidae. Chamberlin (1919: 443) in a key, without indicating it was a new subfamily, ... [details]
Chamberlin (1919: 409) introduced Sonatsinae for his new genus Sonatsa. It was stated to be diagnosed with a ... [details]
Surface, taken at night by electric light. [details]
Surface, taken at night by electric light. [details]
Surface, taken at night by electric light. [details]
Not stated by the author. Probably shallow water. [details]
Surface, taken at night by electric light. [details]
Defined in a key as Crochets all simple, with a distinct subapical spur or spine. Branchiae numerous, in a U-shaped ... [details]
Chamberlin's (1919: 397) key couplet was "Crochets on certain somites (in the genotype V-VIII) composite. [Body] ... [details]
Central Pacific Ocean: Kiribati, northern Gilbert Islands (off Abaiang). Only known from the type locality. [details]
Central Pacific Ocean: Kiribati, northern Gilbert Islands (off Abaiang). Only known from the type locality. [details]
Central Pacific Ocean: Kiribati, northern Gilbert Islands (off Abaiang). Only known from the type locality. [details]
Pacific Ocean: Panama (Perico Island). [details]
Central Pacific Ocean: Marshall Islands (off Arno Reef). Only known from the type locality. [details]
Central Pacific Ocean: Kiribati, northern Gilbert Islands (off Abaiang). Only known from the type locality. [details]
the species name is derived from the latin defendere, to ward off or defend [details]
The specific epithet obliquatus is the Latin word for 'to bend to the side' or 'twisted aside', and seems to refer ... [details]
The specific epithet planipalpus is composed by the Latin adjective planus, meaning 'flat', and the Latin noun ... [details]
The specific epithet torquens is the Latin word for 'twisting' or 'curling', and refers to the "strongly coiled ... [details]
Chamberlin (1919) derived Balanochaeta from two Greek words meaning 'clasp/snap' and chaeta [details]
Not stated by the author. The name Capitellethus seems to be composed by the name Capitella Blainville, 1828, the ... [details]
Unstated but presumably named after Maurice Caullery, a prolific contemporary French author to Chamberlin. The form ... [details]
The specific epithet insulana is a Latin adjective meaning 'insular' or 'of or pertaining to an island', and refers ... [details]
The specific epithet regnans is derived from the Latin verb regnare, meaning 'to rule or reign'. It could be a ... [details]
Specific epithet from the Gosiute, gwasi, tail, and toa, tube. [details]
The specific epithet atypica, feminine of the Latin adjective atypicus and meaning 'atypical', refers to the fact ... [details]
Chamberlin (1919) names Pantoithrix from two Greek words meaning 'of all sorts' and 'hair' [details]
According to Chamberlin the genus name Podarmus is derived from the Greek words meaning foot and peg, referring to ... [details]
The specific name is derived from the Greek word meaning floating. [details]
Chamberlin (1919) states he derived Saphobranchia from Greek words meaning distinct/definite and gill, thus ... [details]
Chamberlin (1919) gives the etymology in a footnote as from Greek words, 'semio' (standard or flag) and 'dera' from ... [details]
The specific epithet remex is the Latin noun for 'oarsman'or 'rower', and refers to the "broad, thin, natatory ... [details]
Not stated, uncertain. The name of the genus Synelmis seems to be composed by the prefix of Greek origin syn-, ... [details]
Chamberlin (1919) derives Therochaeta from two Greek words meaning 'hinge/articulation' and 'chaeta' [details]
Axiokebuita is feminine as the name is based on the prior genus Kebuita Chamberlin, which is feminine [details]
Feminine. Treated as feminine by subsequent authors, and Latinised -ella diminutives seem to be treated as ... [details]
Feminine as both species names that have been included in the genus had feminine suffices. In the case of Kebuita ... [details]
Feminine, as Chamberlin modifies 'longisetosus' to 'longisetosa' [details]
feminine as 'dera' is a feminine noun, and also indicated by subsequent authors who created species names which are ... [details]
The only known specimens were collected at the surface, at night by electric night. All the specimens were ... [details]
The only known specimen was collected at the surface, at night by electric night. It was a reproductive stolon, and ... [details]
The only known specimens were collected at the surface, at night by electric night. All the specimens were ... [details]
Broken shells and Globigerina ooze, at about 550 m. [details]
The species is known from epitokous specimens collected at the surface, at night by electric night. The atokous ... [details]
The only known specimen was collected at the surface, at night by electric night. It was an epitokous specimen, and ... [details]
Eisig (1887: 835) included the senior name Ancistria Quatrefages, 1866 in the synonymy of his new genus ... [details]
Definitely meant as a new genus for Capitellides dispar collected from New Zealand. This is not a misreporting of a ... [details]
Senior homonym to Capitellides Ehlers, 1907 (now renamed Capitellethus) [details]
Grube replaced Dasymallus without comment, and this is assumed to be because it was thought junior to Dasymallus ... [details]
Junior homonym to Scione Walker in Saunders, 1850, Animalia-Arthropoda-Insecta-Diptera. Chamberlin (1919: 423) ... [details]
Junior homonym to Staurocephalus Barrande 1846, a fossil trilobite genus published in Barrande J . 1846. Notice ... [details]
Nom. nov. for junior homonym Capitellides Ehlers, 1907 [details]
Chamberlin (1919: 90) "Eulepis Grube is preoccupied in Insecta (Dalman, 1820) and also in Reptilia (Fitzenger, ... [details]
Replacement name for Eupista McIntosh, 1885, preoccupied by Eupista Hübner, 1825 [Lepidoptera]. [details]
Lycastis is a junior synonym of Syllis (Typosyllis). Therefore Chamberlin (1919) proposed Namanereis for the ... [details]
Potamis Ehlers, preoccupied in Lepidoptera (Hubner, 1816), was replaced by Potamethus, nom. nov. by Chamberlin (1919) [details]
Ranzanides was proposed to replace the junior homonym Ranzania, but is junior to the next available name, ... [details]
Smithsonian Institution, Washington (type USNM 19388, paratypes 19386). Chamberlin records epitokes "about 12 ... [details]
Minor usage with misspelling, but first noted by Nomen Zool. from an occurrence in a genus key by Chamberlin ... [details]
Hartman catalogue (1959:306) gives this misspelling a listing as Amphelothrix Chamberlin, 1919, and Fauchald (1977) ... [details]
Chamberlin (1919: 231, 495) misspells Amphiro Kinberg in a key as Amphiron, with the misspelling repeated in the ... [details]
Chamberlin (1919) referred S. cariboum to his new Semiodera genus (feminine) as the type species, but unfortunately ... [details]
Unnecessary subgenus name for the nominal subgenus Spirorbis (Spirorbis). The first species listed by Caullery & ... [details]
Without much background or detail Grube (1869) mentions Omaria, proposed in his text for a genus for Ophelia ... [details]
Very briefly introduced in a key couplet, paired with Ammotrypanella and with type species Ammotrypane ... [details]
Eisig (1887) created subgenera Clistomastus and Tremomastus based on the number of genital pores, but subsequently ... [details]
Type species not stated. Greeff (1876) introduced Callizona for three new species Callizona cincinnata, C. nasuta, ... [details]
Chamberlin (1919) correctly replaced the homonym Disoma with Disomides. However, Pettibone revealed Trochochaeta ... [details]
Chamberlin (1919) added Euscione as a replacement for the junior homonym Scione Malmgren, but did not use the genus ... [details]
Chamberlin (1919: 40) "Norepea Johnston (1865) [sic, Baird is the author] falls as a synonym to Iphione Kinberg. It ... [details]
Chamberlin (1919: 40) "Norepea Johnston (1865) [sic, Baird is the author] falls as a synonym to Iphione Kinberg. ... [details]
Chamberlin (1919: 385) commented that "a considerable number of the genera in this family [Opheliidae] are very ... [details]
new genus of Leodocidae (now Eunicidae) introduced in a key, with (in footnote) Marphysa mossambica Peters as the ... [details]
Chamberlin (1919: 397) created a key to Flabelligeridae genera, which he used as the structure briefly to define ... [details]
Chamberlin (1919: 466) replaced Capitellides Ehlers (1907), which is a junior homonym to Capitellides Mesnil ... [details]
Chamberlin introduced Caulleriella as a new genus in a key, and in a footnote he wrote: "Genotype, C. viridis ... [details]
Chamberlin (1919:182) used a non-existent name for designating a type for Ephesiella. He used Ephesia peripatus ... [details]
Chamberlin (1919: 167) regarded the genus Myrianida Milne-Edwards, 1845 as synonymous with Myriana Savigny, 1822: ... [details]
According to Licher (1999: 307) the species is not a syllid, being the holotype an epitoke form with hypertrophied ... [details]
Off Aguja Point, 20 miles NW, Peru, Albatross Stn 4654, 5°46'S 81°31.15'W, 1894 m, 12 Nov 1904 [details]
Pacific Ocean, Kiribati, northern Gilbert Islands, off Apaiang (= Abaiang) (geocoordinates not provided, estimated ... [details]
Pacific Ocean, Kiribati, northern Gilbert Islands, off Apaiang (= Abaiang) (geocoordinates not provided, estimated ... [details]
Pacific Ocean, Kiribati, northern Gilbert Islands, off Apaiang (= Abaiang) (geocoordinates not provided, estimated ... [details]
Galapagos Islands, 4 miles S.E. of Hood Island (= Española Island), Pacific Ocean (-1.5014°, -89.5833°), 549 m, ... [details]
Perico Island, Panama, Pacific Ocean (gazeteer estimate 8.915°, -79.525°). [details]
Off Apaiang Island (today = Abaiang) (location unstated further, no station number given by Chamberlin, but he ... [details]
Deep off Peru, 4064 metres, 111 miles northwest of Aguja Point. Sta. 4651 (lat. 5° 42' S., long. 83° W.). Depth ... [details]
The data concerning the type locality is given by Chamberlin (1919: 182) as "Gilbert Island: off Arhno Reef. ... [details]
Pacific Ocean, Kiribati, northern Gilbert Islands, off Apaiang (= Abaiang) (geocoordinates not provided, estimated ... [details]
Holotype of Autolytus obliquatus (USNM 19336) is a male stolon. [details]
Holotype of Autolytus planipalpus (USNM 19335) is a male stolon. [details]
Holotype of Autolytus torquens (USNM 19338) is a female stolon. [details]
Holotype of Odontosyllis atypica (USNM 19422) is an epitokous specimen, probably the epitokous male described in ... [details]
