Deep-Sea name details
Sinularia dura (Pratt, 1903)
209992 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:209992)
unaccepted > junior subjective synonym
Species
marine, fresh, terrestrial
(of ) Pratt, E.M. (1903). The Alcyonaria of the Maldives. Part II. The genera Sarcophytum, Lobophytum, Sclerophytum and Alcyonium. <em>The Fauna and Geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagos.</em> 2(1): 503-539, plates 28-31., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11165236
page(s): 528-530 [details]
page(s): 528-530 [details]
Lectotype BMNH 1962.7.20.100A, geounit Maldives...
Lectotype BMNH 1962.7.20.100A, geounit Maldives Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
McFadden, C.S.; Cordeiro, R.; Samimi-Namin, K.; Williams, G.; van Ofwegen, L. (2025). World List of Octocorallia. Sinularia dura (Pratt, 1903). Accessed through: Glover, A.G.; Higgs, N.; Horton, T. (2025) World Register of Deep-Sea species (WoRDSS) at: https://marinespecies.org/deepsea/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=209992 on 2026-01-20
Glover, A.G.; Higgs, N.; Horton, T. (2026). World Register of Deep-Sea species (WoRDSS). Sinularia dura (Pratt, 1903). Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/Deepsea/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=209992 on 2026-01-20
Date
action
by
original description
(of ) Pratt, E.M. (1903). The Alcyonaria of the Maldives. Part II. The genera Sarcophytum, Lobophytum, Sclerophytum and Alcyonium. <em>The Fauna and Geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagos.</em> 2(1): 503-539, plates 28-31., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11165236
page(s): 528-530 [details]
context source (Deepsea) Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO. The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), available online at http://www.iobis.org/ [details]
context source (Hexacorallia) Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
basis of record Benayahu, Y (1993). Corals of the South-west Indian Ocean. I. Alcyonacea from Sodwana Bay, South Africa. Oceanographic Research Institute, Investigational Report No. 67. 16 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source van Ofwegen, L.P., S.D. Cairns & J. van der Land (eds). (2000-2007). as a contribution to UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Tixier-Durivault, A. (1970). Les octocoralliaires de Nha-Trang (Viet-Nam). <em>Cahiers du Pacifique.</em> 14: 115-236.
page(s): 155,160 [details]
additional source Verseveldt, J.; Benayahu, Y. (1983). On two old and fourteen new species of Alcyonacea (Coelenterata, Octocorallia) from the Red Sea. <em>Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden.</em> 208: 1-33, plates 1-7.
page(s): 4 [details]
additional source Verseveldt, J. (1974). Octocorallia from New Caledonia. <em>Zoologische Mededelingen Leiden.</em> 48(12): 95-122, plates 1-5.
page(s): 101-106 [details]
additional source Verseveldt, J. (1978). Alcyonaceans (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) from some Micronesian islands. <em>Zoologische Mededelingen Leiden.</em> 53(5): 49-55.
page(s): 50 [details]
additional source Verseveldt, J. (1980). A revision of the genus Sinularia May (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea). <em>Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden.</em> 179: 1-128, plates1-38.
page(s): 47-48 [details] Available for editors
additional source Tixier-Durivault, A. (1945). Les Alcyonaires du Museum: I. Famille des Alcyoniidae. II. Genre Sinularia (Suite). <em>Bulletin de la Museum Nationale d'Histoire naturelle Paris, Ser. 2.</em> 17(2): 145-152., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/53907920
page(s): 149 [details]
additional source Alderslade, P. (1983). Dampia pocilloporaeformis, a new genus and a new species of Octocorallia (Coelenterata) from Australia. <em>The Beagle.</em> 1(4): 33-40.
page(s): 36 [details]
additional source Alderslade, P.; Baxter, J. (1987). A new species of Sinularia (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) from Western Australia. <em>Records of the Western Australian Museum.</em> 13(2): 203-214.
page(s): 203 [details]
additional source Tixier-Durivault, A. (1972). Nouvel apport d'Octocoralliares de Madagascar et des iles avoisinantes. <em>Tethys.</em> Suppl. 3: 11-68., available online at http://paleopolis.rediris.es/benthos/REF/som/T-pdf/1972_s3-11.pdf
page(s): 21 [details] Available for editors
additional source Tixier-Durivault, A. (1966). Octocoralliaires de Madagascar et des iles avoisinantes. <em>Faune de Madagascar.</em> 21: 1-456., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/60030792
page(s): 198-199 [details]
additional source Tixier-Durivault, A. (1951). Revision de la famille des Alcyoniidae. Le genre Sinularia May, 1898. <em>Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Memoires.</em> 2(40): 1-146.
page(s): 79-83 [details]
additional source Verseveldt, J. (1960). Biological results of the Snellius expedition. XX. Octocorallia from the Malay Archipelago (Part I). <em>Temminckia.</em> 10: 209-251, plate 7.
page(s): 235-239 [details]
additional source Tixier-Durivault, A. (1970). Les Octocoralliaires de Nouvelle-Calédonie. <em>L'Expédition française sur les récifs coralliens de la Nouvelle-Calédonie organisée sous l'égide de la fondation Singer-Polignac 1960-1963.</em> 4: 171-350.
page(s): 253 [details] Available for editors
additional source Macfadyen, L.M.I. (1936). Alcyonaria (Stolonifera, Alcyonacea, Telestacea and Gorgonacea). <em>Great Barrier Reef Expedition 1928-1929, Scientific Reports.</em> 5(2): 19-71, plates 1-5.
page(s): 33-34 [details] Available for editors
additional source Kolonko, K. (1926). Beitrage zu einer Revision der Alcyoniiden. Die Gattung Sinularia. <em>Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin.</em> 12(2): 293-334, plates 1-4.
page(s): 304-305 [details] Available for editors
additional source van Ofwegen, L.P. (1996). Octocorallia from the Bismarck Sea (part II). <em>Zoologische Mededelingen Leiden.</em> 70(13): 207-215.
page(s): 208 [details]
additional source Thomson, J.A.; Dean, L.M.I. (1931). The Alcyonacea of the Siboga expedition with an addendum to the Gorgonacea. <em>Siboga Expeditie.</em> XIIId: 1-227, plates 1-28.
page(s): 50-51 [details]
additional source Lüttschwager, H. (1915). Beitrage zu einer Revision der Familie Alcyoniidae. <em>Archiv für Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A.</em> 80(10): 1-42., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12955834
page(s): 9 [details]
additional source Benayahu, Y.; van Ofwegen, L. P.; Alderslade, P. N. (1998). A case study of variation in two nominal species of Sinularia (Coelenterata: Octocorallia), S. brassica May, 1989, and S. dura (Pratt, 1903), with a proposal for their synonymy. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 323, 277-309, available online at https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/317654
page(s): 277, 278, 283, 284, 285, 286, 298, 299, 304, 305, 307 [details]
additional source Benayahu, Y.; Loya, Y. (1986). Sexual reproduction of a soft coral: synchronous and brief annual spawning of Sarcophyton glaucum (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833). Biological Bulletin, 170, 32-42
page(s): 40 [details]
source of synonymy Benayahu, Y.; van Ofwegen, L. P.; Alderslade, P. N. (1998). A case study of variation in two nominal species of Sinularia (Coelenterata: Octocorallia), S. brassica May, 1989, and S. dura (Pratt, 1903), with a proposal for their synonymy. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 323, 277-309, available online at https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/317654 [details]
page(s): 528-530 [details]
context source (Deepsea) Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO. The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), available online at http://www.iobis.org/ [details]
context source (Hexacorallia) Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
basis of record Benayahu, Y (1993). Corals of the South-west Indian Ocean. I. Alcyonacea from Sodwana Bay, South Africa. Oceanographic Research Institute, Investigational Report No. 67. 16 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source van Ofwegen, L.P., S.D. Cairns & J. van der Land (eds). (2000-2007). as a contribution to UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Tixier-Durivault, A. (1970). Les octocoralliaires de Nha-Trang (Viet-Nam). <em>Cahiers du Pacifique.</em> 14: 115-236.
page(s): 155,160 [details]
additional source Verseveldt, J.; Benayahu, Y. (1983). On two old and fourteen new species of Alcyonacea (Coelenterata, Octocorallia) from the Red Sea. <em>Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden.</em> 208: 1-33, plates 1-7.
page(s): 4 [details]
additional source Verseveldt, J. (1974). Octocorallia from New Caledonia. <em>Zoologische Mededelingen Leiden.</em> 48(12): 95-122, plates 1-5.
page(s): 101-106 [details]
additional source Verseveldt, J. (1978). Alcyonaceans (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) from some Micronesian islands. <em>Zoologische Mededelingen Leiden.</em> 53(5): 49-55.
page(s): 50 [details]
additional source Verseveldt, J. (1980). A revision of the genus Sinularia May (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea). <em>Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden.</em> 179: 1-128, plates1-38.
page(s): 47-48 [details] Available for editors
additional source Tixier-Durivault, A. (1945). Les Alcyonaires du Museum: I. Famille des Alcyoniidae. II. Genre Sinularia (Suite). <em>Bulletin de la Museum Nationale d'Histoire naturelle Paris, Ser. 2.</em> 17(2): 145-152., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/53907920
page(s): 149 [details]
additional source Alderslade, P. (1983). Dampia pocilloporaeformis, a new genus and a new species of Octocorallia (Coelenterata) from Australia. <em>The Beagle.</em> 1(4): 33-40.
page(s): 36 [details]
additional source Alderslade, P.; Baxter, J. (1987). A new species of Sinularia (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) from Western Australia. <em>Records of the Western Australian Museum.</em> 13(2): 203-214.
page(s): 203 [details]
additional source Tixier-Durivault, A. (1972). Nouvel apport d'Octocoralliares de Madagascar et des iles avoisinantes. <em>Tethys.</em> Suppl. 3: 11-68., available online at http://paleopolis.rediris.es/benthos/REF/som/T-pdf/1972_s3-11.pdf
page(s): 21 [details] Available for editors
additional source Tixier-Durivault, A. (1966). Octocoralliaires de Madagascar et des iles avoisinantes. <em>Faune de Madagascar.</em> 21: 1-456., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/60030792
page(s): 198-199 [details]
additional source Tixier-Durivault, A. (1951). Revision de la famille des Alcyoniidae. Le genre Sinularia May, 1898. <em>Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Memoires.</em> 2(40): 1-146.
page(s): 79-83 [details]
additional source Verseveldt, J. (1960). Biological results of the Snellius expedition. XX. Octocorallia from the Malay Archipelago (Part I). <em>Temminckia.</em> 10: 209-251, plate 7.
page(s): 235-239 [details]
additional source Tixier-Durivault, A. (1970). Les Octocoralliaires de Nouvelle-Calédonie. <em>L'Expédition française sur les récifs coralliens de la Nouvelle-Calédonie organisée sous l'égide de la fondation Singer-Polignac 1960-1963.</em> 4: 171-350.
page(s): 253 [details] Available for editors
additional source Macfadyen, L.M.I. (1936). Alcyonaria (Stolonifera, Alcyonacea, Telestacea and Gorgonacea). <em>Great Barrier Reef Expedition 1928-1929, Scientific Reports.</em> 5(2): 19-71, plates 1-5.
page(s): 33-34 [details] Available for editors
additional source Kolonko, K. (1926). Beitrage zu einer Revision der Alcyoniiden. Die Gattung Sinularia. <em>Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin.</em> 12(2): 293-334, plates 1-4.
page(s): 304-305 [details] Available for editors
additional source van Ofwegen, L.P. (1996). Octocorallia from the Bismarck Sea (part II). <em>Zoologische Mededelingen Leiden.</em> 70(13): 207-215.
page(s): 208 [details]
additional source Thomson, J.A.; Dean, L.M.I. (1931). The Alcyonacea of the Siboga expedition with an addendum to the Gorgonacea. <em>Siboga Expeditie.</em> XIIId: 1-227, plates 1-28.
page(s): 50-51 [details]
additional source Lüttschwager, H. (1915). Beitrage zu einer Revision der Familie Alcyoniidae. <em>Archiv für Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A.</em> 80(10): 1-42., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12955834
page(s): 9 [details]
additional source Benayahu, Y.; van Ofwegen, L. P.; Alderslade, P. N. (1998). A case study of variation in two nominal species of Sinularia (Coelenterata: Octocorallia), S. brassica May, 1989, and S. dura (Pratt, 1903), with a proposal for their synonymy. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 323, 277-309, available online at https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/317654
page(s): 277, 278, 283, 284, 285, 286, 298, 299, 304, 305, 307 [details]
additional source Benayahu, Y.; Loya, Y. (1986). Sexual reproduction of a soft coral: synchronous and brief annual spawning of Sarcophyton glaucum (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833). Biological Bulletin, 170, 32-42
page(s): 40 [details]
source of synonymy Benayahu, Y.; van Ofwegen, L. P.; Alderslade, P. N. (1998). A case study of variation in two nominal species of Sinularia (Coelenterata: Octocorallia), S. brassica May, 1989, and S. dura (Pratt, 1903), with a proposal for their synonymy. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 323, 277-309, available online at https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/317654 [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
Lectotype BMNH 1962.7.20.100A, geounit Maldives Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Nontype MNHN, geounit Djiboutian Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Nontype RMNH [details]
Nontype RMNH Coel. 10441, geounit New Caledonian Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Nontype RMNH Coel. 10442, geounit New Caledonian Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Nontype RMNH Coel. 10443, geounit New Caledonian Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Nontype RMNH Coel. 10444, geounit New Caledonian Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Nontype RMNH Coel. 10445, geounit New Caledonian Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Nontype RMNH, geounit Micronesian Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Paralectotype BMNH 1962.7.20.100B [details]
Paralectotype BMNH 1962.7.20.100C [details]
Syntype BMNH 1962.7.20.100A, geounit Maldives Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Syntype BMNH 1962.7.20.100B [details]
Syntype BMNH 1962.7.20.100C [details]
