WoRMS taxon details

Polynoidae Kinberg, 1856

939  (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:939)

  1. Biota
  2. Animalia (Kingdom)
  3. Annelida (Phylum)
  4. Polychaeta (Class)
  5. Errantia (Subclass)
  6. Phyllodocida (Order)
  7. Aphroditiformia (Suborder)
  8. Polynoidae (Family)
accepted
Family
Subfamily Admetellinae Uschakov, 1977
Subfamily Arctonoinae Hanley, 1989
Subfamily Eulagiscinae Pettibone, 1997
Subfamily Lepidastheniinae Pettibone, 1989
  » Genus Alentiana Hartman, 1942
  » Genus Anotochaetonoe Britayev & Martin, 2006
  » Genus Benhamipolynoe Pettibone, 1970
  » Genus Hyperhalosydna Augener, 1922
  » Genus Lepidasthenia Malmgren, 1867
  » Genus Lepidastheniella Monro, 1924
  » Genus Lepidofimbria Hartman, 1967
  » Genus Parahalosydna Horst, 1915
  » Genus Perolepis Ehlers, 1908
  » Genus Pseudopolynoe Day, 1962
  » Genus Showapolynoe Imajima, 1997
  » Genus Telolepidasthenia Augener & Pettibone, 1970
  » Genus Bouchiria Wesenberg-Lund, 1949 accepted as Lepidasthenia Malmgren, 1867 (subjective synonym)
  » Genus Harmopsides Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Lepidasthenia Malmgren, 1867 (subjective synonym)
  » Genus Lucopia Pillai, 1965 accepted as Hyperhalosydna Augener, 1922 (subjective synonym)
  » Genus Nectochaeta Marenzeller, 1892 accepted as Lepidasthenia Malmgren, 1867 (subjective synonym [type moved elsewhere])
Subfamily Lepidonotinae Willey, 1902
  » Genus Alentia Malmgren, 1865
  » Genus Allmaniella McIntosh, 1885
  » Genus Augenerilepidonotus Pettibone, 1995
  » Genus Cervilia Frickhinger, 1916
  » Genus Chaetacanthus Seidler, 1922
  » Genus Dilepidonotus Hartman, 1967
  » Genus Drieschiopsis Støp-Bowitz, 1991
  » Genus Euphione McIntosh, 1885
  » Genus Euphionella Monro, 1936
  » Genus Halosydna Kinberg, 1856
  » Genus Halosydnella Hartman, 1938
  » Genus Halosydnopsis Uschakov & Wu, 1959
  » Genus Hermenia Grube, 1856
  » Genus Hermilepidonotus Uschakov, 1974
  » Genus Heteralentia Hanley & Burke, 1991
  » Genus Hololepida Moore, 1905
  » Genus Lepidametria Webster, 1879
  » Genus Lepidonopsis Pettibone, 1977
  » Genus Lepidonotus Leach, 1816
  » Genus Nonparahalosydna Uschakov, 1982
  » Genus Olgalepidonotus Pettibone, 1995
  » Genus Parahalosydnopsis Pettibone, 1977
  » Genus Pseudohalosydna Fauvel, 1913
  » Genus Sheila Monro, 1930
  » Genus Telodrieschia Kirkegaard, 1995
  » Genus Thormora Baird, 1865
  » Genus Almaniella Darboux, 1899 accepted as Allmaniella McIntosh, 1885 (Lapsus for Allmaniella McIntosh)
  » Genus Driechiopsis [auctt.] accepted as Drieschiopsis Støp-Bowitz, 1991 (misspelling)
  » Genus Eumolpe Oken, 1807 accepted as Lepidonotus Leach, 1816 (nomen oblitum in relation to Lepidonotus, nomen protectum)
  » Genus Lepidonote [auct. misspelling for Lepidonotus] accepted as Lepidonotus Leach, 1816 (genus misspelling)
  » Genus Physalidonotus Ehlers, 1904 accepted as Euphione McIntosh, 1885 (subjective synonym)
  » Genus Polinoe Risso, 1826 accepted as Lepidonotus Leach, 1816 (subjective synonymy of only species)
Subfamily Lepidonotopodinae Pettibone, 1983
Subfamily Macellicephalinae Hartmann-Schröder, 1971
  » Genus Abyssarya Bonifácio & Menot, 2018
  » Genus Bathybahamas Pettibone, 1985
  » Genus Bathycanadia Levenstein, 1981
  » Genus Bathycatalina Pettibone, 1976
  » Genus Bathyedithia Pettibone, 1976
  » Genus Bathyeliasona Pettibone, 1976
  » Genus Bathyfauvelia Pettibone, 1976
  » Genus Bathykermadeca Pettibone, 1976
  » Genus Bathylevensteina Pettibone, 1976
  » Genus Bathymacella Pettibone, 1976
  » Genus Bathymariana Levenstein, 1978
  » Genus Bathymiranda Levenstein, 1981
  » Genus Bathypolaria Levenstein, 1981
  » Genus Bathytasmania Levenstein, 1982
  » Genus Bathyvitiazia Pettibone, 1976
  » Genus Bruunilla Hartman, 1971
  » Genus Diplaconotum Loshamn, 1981
  » Genus Gesiella Pettibone, 1976
  » Genus Hodor Bonifácio & Menot, 2018
  » Genus Macellicephala McIntosh, 1885
  » Genus Macellicephaloides Uschakov, 1955
  » Genus Macelloides Uschakov, 1957
  » Genus Natopolynoe Pettibone, 1985
  » Genus Nu Bonifácio & Menot, 2018
  » Genus Pelagomacellicephala Pettibone, 1985
  » Genus Polaruschakov Pettibone, 1976
  » Genus Vampiropolynoe Marcus & Hourdez, 2002
  » Genus Yodanoe Bonifácio & Menot, 2018
  » Genus Austropolaria Neal, Barnich, Wiklund & Glover, 2012 accepted as Bathypolaria Levenstein, 1981 (subjective synonym)
  » Genus Branchiopolynoe [auctt.] accepted as Branchipolynoe Pettibone, 1984 (misspelling for Branchipolynoe)
  » Genus Macella Averincev, 1972 accepted as Bathymacella Pettibone, 1976 (junior homonym)
  » Genus Oligolepis Levinsen, 1886 accepted as Macellicephala McIntosh, 1885 (junior homonym, type and only species referred to another genus)
  » Genus Opisthotrochopodus Pettibone, 1985 accepted as Branchinotogluma Pettibone, 1985 (male morph subjective synonym)
  » Genus Penaleopolynoe [auctt.] accepted as Peinaleopolynoe Desbruyères & Laubier, 1988 (misspelling for Peinaleopolynoe)
Subfamily Polynoinae Kinberg, 1856
  » Genus Acanthicolepis McIntosh, 1900
  » Genus Acholoe Claparède, 1870
  » Genus Antarctinoe Barnich, Fiege, Micaletto & Gambi, 2006
  » Genus Antinoe Kinberg, 1856
  » Genus Antipathipolyeunoa Pettibone, 1991
  » Genus Arcteobia Annenkova, 1937
  » Genus Arctonoella Buzhinskaja, 1967
  » Genus Australonoe Hanley, 1993
  » Genus Austrolaenilla Bergström, 1916
  » Genus Barrukia Bergström, 1916
  » Genus Bathynotalia Levenstein, 1982
  » Genus Bayerpolynoe Pettibone, 1991
  » Genus Brychionoe Hanley & Burke, 1991
  » Genus Bylgides Chamberlin, 1919
  » Genus Enipo Malmgren, 1865
  » Genus Eucranta Malmgren, 1865
  » Genus Eunoe Malmgren, 1865
  » Genus Gattyana McIntosh, 1897
  » Genus Gaudichaudius Pettibone, 1986
  » Genus Gorekia Bergström, 1916
  » Genus Gorgoniapolynoe Pettibone, 1991
  » Genus Grubeopolynoe Pettibone, 1969
  » Genus Harmothoe Kinberg, 1856
  » Genus Hartmania Pettibone, 1955
  » Genus Hemilepidia Schmarda, 1861
  » Genus Hermadion Kinberg, 1856
  » Genus Hermadionella Uschakov, 1982
  » Genus Hesperonoe Chamberlin, 1919
  » Genus Heteropolynoe Bidenkap, 1907
  » Genus Hololepidella Willey, 1905
  » Genus Intoshella Darboux, 1899
  » Genus Kermadecella Darboux, 1899
  » Genus Lagisca Malmgren, 1865
  » Genus Leucia Malmgren, 1867
  » Genus Lobopelma Hanley, 1987
  » Genus Malmgrenia McIntosh, 1874
  » Genus Malmgreniella Hartman, 1967
  » Genus Melaenis Malmgren, 1865
  » Genus Neobylgides Pettibone, 1993
  » Genus Neolagisca Barnich & Fiege, 2000
  » Genus Neopolynoe Loshamn, 1981
  » Genus Paradyte Pettibone, 1969
  » Genus Paragattyana Pettibone, 1993
  » Genus Paralentia Uschakov, 1982
  » Genus Paralepidonotus Horst, 1915
  » Genus Pararctonoella Pettibone, 1996
  » Genus Pettibonesia Nemésio, 2006
  » Genus Polyeunoa McIntosh, 1885
  » Genus Polynoe Lamarck, 1818
  » Genus Robertianella McIntosh, 1885
  » Genus Rullieriella Pettibone, 1993
  » Genus Russellhanleya Barnich, Sun & Fiege, 2004
  » Genus Scalisetosus McIntosh, 1885
  » Genus Subadyte Pettibone, 1969
  » Genus Tenonia Nichols, 1969
  » Genus Tottonpolynoe Pettibone, 1991
  » Genus Verrucapelma Hanley & Burke, 1991
  » Genus Ysideria Ruff, 1995
  » Genus Andresia Prenant, 1924 accepted as Harmothoe Kinberg, 1856 (subjective synonym, unreplaced junior homonym)
  » Genus Antinoana Hartman & Fauchald, 1971 accepted as Bylgides Chamberlin, 1919 (subjective synonym)
  » Genus Antinoella Augener, 1928 accepted as Bylgides Chamberlin, 1919 (subjective synonym)
  » Genus Bylgia Théel, 1879 accepted as Bylgides Chamberlin, 1919 (synonym)
  » Genus Dasylepis Malmgren, 1867 accepted as Acanthicolepis McIntosh, 1900 (replaced homonym)
  » Genus Eunoa [auctt. misspelling for Eunoe] accepted as Eunoe Malmgren, 1865 (incorrect subsequent spelling)
  » Genus Eupolynoe Bidenkap, 1895 accepted as Neopolynoe Loshamn, 1981 (junior homonym, replaced by Neopolynoe)
  » Genus Evarne Malmgren, 1865 accepted as Harmothoe Kinberg, 1856 (Homonym, replacement Evarnella a synonym)
  » Genus Evarnella Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Harmothoe Kinberg, 1856 (subjective synonym)
  » Genus Laenilla Malmgren, 1865 accepted as Harmothoe Kinberg, 1856 (subjective synonym, in part at least in Harmothoe)
  » Genus Monocolea Costa, 1862 accepted as Malmgrenia McIntosh, 1874 (subjective synonymy of only species)
  » Genus Nemidia Malmgren, 1865 accepted as Enipo Malmgren, 1865 (subjective synonym)
  » Genus Nychia Malmgren, 1865 accepted as Gattyana McIntosh, 1897 (replaced junior homonym)
  » Genus Paranychia Czerniavsky, 1882 accepted as Harmothoe Kinberg, 1856 (subjective synonym)
  » Genus Parapolynoe Czerniavsky, 1882 accepted as Polynoe Lamarck, 1818 (subjective synonymy of only species)
  » Genus Parmenis Malmgren, 1867 accepted as Malmgrenia McIntosh, 1874 (subjective synonym)
  » Genus Polyeunoe [auct. misspelling] accepted as Polyeunoa McIntosh, 1885 (lapsus)
  » Genus Polynoa [subsequent misspelling of Polynoe] accepted as Polynoe Lamarck, 1818 (spelling variant used by Carrington & others)
  » Genus Tricosmochaeta Morgera, 1918 accepted as Harmothoe Kinberg, 1856 (subjective synonymy of only species)
  » Genus Wilsoniella Pettibone, 1993 accepted as Pettibonesia Nemésio, 2006 (replaced junior homonym)
Subfamily Uncopolynoinae Wehe, 2006

Subfamily Polynoidae incertae sedis (temporary name)
  » Genus Bathyhololepidella Buzhinskaya, 1992
  » Genus Benhamisetosus Averincev, 1978
  » Genus Drieschella Augener & Pettibone, 1970
  » Genus Eupolynoe McIntosh, 1874
  » Genus Hylosydna
  » Genus Lepidogyra Hartman, 1967
  » Genus Ophthalmonoe Petersen & Britayev, 1997
  » Genus Parapolyeunoa Barnich, Gambi & Fiege, 2012
  » Genus Phyllantinoe McIntosh, 1876
  » Genus Phyllohartmania Pettibone, 1961
  » Genus Phyllosheila Pettibone, 1961
  » Genus Podarmus Chamberlin, 1919
  » Genus Polynoella McIntosh, 1885
  » Genus Polynoina Nolte, 1936
  » Genus Chaetosphaera Häcker, 1898 (taxon inquirendum, established for 2 larval forms)
  » Genus Drieschia Michaelsen, 1892 (taxon inquirendum, See note for the type species, Drieschia pelagica Michaelsen, 1892, based on a larval form )
  » Genus Eumolphe Risso, 1826 (taxon inquirendum, indeterminable; insufficiently described)
  » Genus Frennia Viguier, 1912 (taxon inquirendum, indeterminable; insufficiently described)
  » Genus Quetieria Viguier, 1911 (taxon inquirendum, based on a larval scaleworm)
  » Genus Sinantenna Hartmann-Schröder, 1974 (taxon inquirendum)
  » Genus Herdmanella Darboux, 1899 (nomen dubium)
  » Genus Plotolepis Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Drieschia Michaelsen, 1892 (subjective synonym)

Subfamily Acholoinae Pettibone, 1996 accepted as Polynoinae Kinberg, 1856 (subjective synonym)
Subfamily Bathyedithinae Pettibone, 1976 accepted as Macellicephalinae Hartmann-Schröder, 1971 (subjective synonym)
Subfamily Bathymacellinae Pettibone, 1976 accepted as Macellicephalinae Hartmann-Schröder, 1971 (subjective synonym)
Subfamily Branchinotogluminae Pettibone, 1985 accepted as Macellicephalinae Hartmann-Schröder, 1971 (subjective synonym)
Subfamily Branchiplicatinae Pettibone, 1985 accepted as Macellicephalinae Hartmann-Schröder, 1971 (subjective synonym)
Subfamily Branchipolynoinae Pettibone, 1984 accepted as Macellicephalinae Hartmann-Schröder, 1971 (subjective synonym)
Subfamily Gesiellinae Muir, 1982 accepted as Macellicephalinae Hartmann-Schröder, 1971 (subjective synonym)
Subfamily Harmothoinae Willey, 1902 accepted as Polynoinae Kinberg, 1856 (junior synonym)
Subfamily Macellicephaloidinae Pettibone, 1976 accepted as Macellicephalinae Hartmann-Schröder, 1971 (subjective synonym)
Subfamily Macelloidinae Pettibone, 1976 accepted as Macellicephalinae Hartmann-Schröder, 1971 (subjective synonym)
Subfamily Polaruschakovinae Pettibone, 1976 accepted as Macellicephalinae Hartmann-Schröder, 1971 (subjective synonym)
Subfamily Vampiropolynoinae Marcus & Hourdez, 2002 accepted as Macellicephalinae Hartmann-Schröder, 1971 (subjective synonym)
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
recent only
Kinberg, J.G.H. (1856). Nya slägten och arter af Annelider, Öfversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhhandlingar Stockholm, 12 (9-10), 381-388 [read 1855; printed 1856]., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15970133
page(s): 383 [as family Polynoina] [details]   
Read, G.; Fauchald, K. (Ed.) (2021). World Polychaeta Database. Polynoidae Kinberg, 1856. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=939 on 2021-03-07
Date
action
by
2004-12-21 15:54:05Z
created
db_admin
2007-01-18 14:44:44Z
changed
Barnich, Ruth
2008-03-26 11:36:43Z
changed
Fauchald, Kristian
2012-09-19 03:31:54Z
changed
Read, Geoffrey
2013-11-17 03:35:09Z
changed
Read, Geoffrey
2014-07-02 10:50:40Z
changed
Read, Geoffrey

Creative Commons License The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License


original description Kinberg, J.G.H. (1856). Nya slägten och arter af Annelider, Öfversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhhandlingar Stockholm, 12 (9-10), 381-388 [read 1855; printed 1856]., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15970133
page(s): 383 [as family Polynoina] [details]   

additional source Malmgren, A.J. (1867). Annulata Polychaeta Spetsbergiæ, Grœnlandiæ, Islandiæ et Scandinaviæ. Hactenus Cognita. Ex Officina Frenckelliana, Helsingforslæ. 127 pp. & XIV plates., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/13358
page(s): 4 [details]   

additional source Fauchald, K. (1977). The polychaete worms, definitions and keys to the orders, families and genera. <em>Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County: Los Angeles, CA (USA), Science Series.</em> 28:1-188., available online at http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/123110.pdf [details]   

additional source Wehe, Thomas. (2006). Revision of the scale worms (Polychaeta:Aphroditoidea) occurring in the seas surrounding the Arabian Peninsula. Part I: Polynoidae. <i>Fauna of Arabia</i>. 22: 23–197. [details]  Available for editors  PDF available [request] 

additional source Barnich, Ruth; Fiege, Dieter. (2003). The Aphroditoidea (Annelida: Polychaeta) of the Mediterranean Sea. <em>Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft.</em> 559: 1-167., available online at http://www.schweizerbart.de/publications/detail/isbn/9783510613533/The-Aphroditoidea-Annelida-Polychaeta-of-the-Mediterranean-Sea [details]  Available for editors  PDF available [request] 

identification resource Barnich, Ruth. (2011). Identification of scale worms in British and Irish waters. NMBAQC 2010 taxonomic workshop, Dove Marine Laboratory. 52 pp., available online at http://www.nmbaqcs.org/scheme-components/invertebrates/literature-and-taxonomic-keys/identification-of-scale-worms.aspx [details]   

identification resource Chambers, S.J. & Muir, A.I. (1997). Polychaetes: British Chrysopetaloidea, Pisionoidea and Aphroditoidea. <em>Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series).</em> 54: 1-202. (look up in IMIS)
page(s): 67 [details]   

identification resource Pettibone, Marian H. 1969. Review of some species referred to Scalisetosus McIntosh (Polychaeta, Polynoidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 82: 1-30., available online at http://hdl.handle.net/10088/3412 [details]   

identification resource Barnich, R.; Gambi, M. C.; Fiege, D. (2012). Revision of the genus <em>Polyeunoa</em> McIntosh, 1885 (Polychaeta, Polynoidae). <i>Zootaxa</i>. 3523: 25-38., available online at http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/list/2012/3523.html [details]  Available for editors  PDF available [request] 
 
 Present  Inaccurate  Introduced: alien  Containing type locality 
From editor or global species database
Authority Malmgren (1867:4) may have been the first to use the "Polynoidae" spelling, but he cites Kinberg's (1856) family "Polynoina" which seems sufficient indication to credit Kinberg with the authorship of the family. [details]

Classification Remarkable for the number of small subfamilies which have been erected. The total is twenty one, or twenty two including the nominal subfamily (Polynoinae), and Hanley (1989) lists 17 to that date. As an example Pettibone (1985) had established subfamily Branchinotogluminae for a single new genus Branchinotogluma with three new species, and earlier (1976) she had created five new subfamilies (Macellicephaloidinae, Macelloidinae, Bathyedithinae, Polaruschakovinae, Bathymacellinae). She has created 12 subfamilies in Polynoidae. The latest subfamily is Uncopolynoinae Wehe, 2006, for one genus, with one species imperfectly known. The validity of all these subfamilies needs re-evaluation.

Polynoidae sub-families in chronological order (updated from Hanley, 1989)

Polynoinae Kinberg, 1856 [nominal]
Iphioninae Baird 1865
Lepidonotinae Willey 1902
Harmothoinae Willey 1902 [= Polynoinae Kinberg]
Macellicephalinae Hartmann-Schroder 1971
Bathyedithinae Pettibone 1976
Polaruschakovinae Pettibone 1976
Macelloidinae Pettibone 1976
Macellicephaloidinae Pettibone 1976
Bathymacellinae Pettibone 1976
Admetellinae Uschakov 1977
Polyodontinae Muir 1982 [= family Acoetidae]
Gesiellinae Muir 1982
Lepidonotopodinae Pettibone 1983
Branchipolynoinae Pettibone 1984
Branchiplicatinae Pettibone 1985a
Branchinotogluminae Pettibone 1985b
Lepidastheniinae Pettibone 1989
Acholoinae Pettibone, 1996 [= Polynoinae Kinberg]
Eulagiscinae Pettibone, 1997
Vampiropolynoinae Marcus & Hourdez, 2002
Uncopolynoinae Wehe, 2006
 [details]
LanguageName 
Dutch zeerupsen  [details]
English scalewormspolynoids  [details]
German Schuppenwürmer  [details]
Japanese ウロコムシ科  [details]
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL) 
To European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) 
To Genbank 
To GenBank (1 nucleotides; 1 proteins) 
To The Arctic Traits Database (37 traits) 
To Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History (YPM IZ 060666) 
To ITIS
To Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History (YPM IZ 060666)
To Yale Peabody Mus...
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