WoRMS taxon details
Epinephelus miliaris (Valenciennes, 1830)
218211 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:218211)
accepted
Species
Epinephalus gaimardii (Valenciennes, 1830) · unaccepted (misspelling)
Epinephelus dictyophorus (Bleeker, 1856) · unaccepted (misspelling)
Epinephelus diktiophorus (Bleeker, 1856) · unaccepted
Epinephelus fuscus Fourmanoir, 1961 · unaccepted
Serranus diktiophorus Bleeker, 1856 · unaccepted
Serranus gaimardi Valenciennes, 1830 · unaccepted
Serranus miliaris Valenciennes, 1830 · unaccepted
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
(of Serranus miliaris Valenciennes, 1830) Cuvier, G. ; Valenciennes, A. (1830). Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome Sixième. Livre sixième. Partie I. Des Sparoïdes; Partie II. Des Ménides. <em>Tome sixième. Livre sixième. Partie I. Des Sparoïdes; Partie II. Des Ménides.</em> v. 6: i-xxiv + 6 pp. + 1-559, Pls. 141-169. [Valenciennes is author of pp. 1-425, 493-559; Cuvier 426-491. i-xviii + 1-470 in Strasbourg ed.]., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4436643 [details]
Description Found in a variety of habitats. Juveniles (8 - 21 cm SL) have been taken on mud bottom, seagrass beds, mangrove swamps, and...
Description Found in a variety of habitats. Juveniles (8 - 21 cm SL) have been taken on mud bottom, seagrass beds, mangrove swamps, and from coral reefs in depths of 1 to 16 m; adults in coral reefs in depths of 18 to 180 m. Stomach contents reported to include juvenile clappid crab, a stomatopod, and a gastropod (Ref. 6448). [details]
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. (2025). FishBase. Epinephelus miliaris (Valenciennes, 1830). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=218211 on 2025-07-14
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Nomenclature
original description
(of Epinephelus fuscus Fourmanoir, 1961) Fourmanoir, P. (1961). Liste complementaire des poissons du Canal de Mozambique. Memoires de l'Institut Scientifique de Madagascar Serie F (Oceanographie) 4: 83-166 [details]
original description (of Serranus diktiophorus Bleeker, 1856) Bleeker, P. (1856). Beschrijvingen van nieuwe of weinig bekende vischsoorten van Manado en Makassar, grootendeels verzameld op eene reis naar den Molukschen Archipel in het gevolg van den Gouverneur Generaal Duymaer van Twist. <em>Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae.</em> v. 1 (6): 1-80. [details]
original description (of Serranus gaimardi Valenciennes, 1830) Cuvier, G. ; Valenciennes, A. (1830). Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome Sixième. Livre sixième. Partie I. Des Sparoïdes; Partie II. Des Ménides. <em>Tome sixième. Livre sixième. Partie I. Des Sparoïdes; Partie II. Des Ménides.</em> v. 6: i-xxiv + 6 pp. + 1-559, Pls. 141-169. [Valenciennes is author of pp. 1-425, 493-559; Cuvier 426-491. i-xviii + 1-470 in Strasbourg ed.]., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4436643 [details]
original description (of Serranus miliaris Valenciennes, 1830) Cuvier, G. ; Valenciennes, A. (1830). Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome Sixième. Livre sixième. Partie I. Des Sparoïdes; Partie II. Des Ménides. <em>Tome sixième. Livre sixième. Partie I. Des Sparoïdes; Partie II. Des Ménides.</em> v. 6: i-xxiv + 6 pp. + 1-559, Pls. 141-169. [Valenciennes is author of pp. 1-425, 493-559; Cuvier 426-491. i-xviii + 1-470 in Strasbourg ed.]., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4436643 [details]
basis of record Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2025). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (06/2024)., available online at https://www.fishbase.org [details]
original description (of Serranus diktiophorus Bleeker, 1856) Bleeker, P. (1856). Beschrijvingen van nieuwe of weinig bekende vischsoorten van Manado en Makassar, grootendeels verzameld op eene reis naar den Molukschen Archipel in het gevolg van den Gouverneur Generaal Duymaer van Twist. <em>Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae.</em> v. 1 (6): 1-80. [details]
original description (of Serranus gaimardi Valenciennes, 1830) Cuvier, G. ; Valenciennes, A. (1830). Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome Sixième. Livre sixième. Partie I. Des Sparoïdes; Partie II. Des Ménides. <em>Tome sixième. Livre sixième. Partie I. Des Sparoïdes; Partie II. Des Ménides.</em> v. 6: i-xxiv + 6 pp. + 1-559, Pls. 141-169. [Valenciennes is author of pp. 1-425, 493-559; Cuvier 426-491. i-xviii + 1-470 in Strasbourg ed.]., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4436643 [details]
original description (of Serranus miliaris Valenciennes, 1830) Cuvier, G. ; Valenciennes, A. (1830). Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome Sixième. Livre sixième. Partie I. Des Sparoïdes; Partie II. Des Ménides. <em>Tome sixième. Livre sixième. Partie I. Des Sparoïdes; Partie II. Des Ménides.</em> v. 6: i-xxiv + 6 pp. + 1-559, Pls. 141-169. [Valenciennes is author of pp. 1-425, 493-559; Cuvier 426-491. i-xviii + 1-470 in Strasbourg ed.]., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4436643 [details]
basis of record Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2025). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (06/2024)., available online at https://www.fishbase.org [details]
Ecology
ecology source
Looby, A.; Erbe, C.; Bravo, S.; Cox, K.; Davies, H. L.; Di Iorio, L.; Jézéquel, Y.; Juanes, F.; Martin, C. W.; Mooney, T. A.; Radford, C.; Reynolds, L. K.; Rice, A. N.; Riera, A.; Rountree, R.; Spriel, B.; Stanley, J.; Vela, S.; Parsons, M. J. G. (2023). Global inventory of species categorized by known underwater sonifery. <em>Scientific Data.</em> 10(1). (look up in IMIS), available online at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02745-4 [details] 
Present Present in aphia/obis/gbif/idigbio Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
Unreviewed
Description Found in a variety of habitats. Juveniles (8 - 21 cm SL) have been taken on mud bottom, seagrass beds, mangrove swamps, and from coral reefs in depths of 1 to 16 m; adults in coral reefs in depths of 18 to 180 m. Stomach contents reported to include juvenile clappid crab, a stomatopod, and a gastropod (Ref. 6448). [details]
To Barcode of Life (3 barcodes)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication) (from synonym Epinephelus dictyophorus (Bleeker, 1856))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (4 publications) (from synonym Serranus diktiophorus Bleeker, 1856)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (5 publications) (from synonym Epinephelus fuscus Fourmanoir, 1961)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (5 publications) (from synonym Serranus gaimardi Valenciennes, 1830)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (7 publications) (from synonym Serranus miliaris Valenciennes, 1830)
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL)
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL) (from synonym Epinephelus dictyophorus (Bleeker, 1856))
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Epinephelus miliaris)
To FishBase
To FishBase (from synonym Epinephelus fuscus Fourmanoir, 1961)
To FishBase (from synonym Serranus miliaris Valenciennes, 1830)
To FishBase (from synonym Epinephelus diktiophorus (Bleeker, 1856))
To FishBase (from synonym Serranus diktiophorus Bleeker, 1856)
To FishBase (from synonym Serranus gaimardi Valenciennes, 1830)
To FishBase (from synonym Epinephalus gaimardii (Valenciennes, 1830))
To FishBase (from synonym Epinephelus dictyophorus (Bleeker, 1856))
To FishBase images (Epinephelus miliaris, Marshall Is., by Trevor, M.)
To GenBank (11 nucleotides; 6 proteins)
To GenBank (11 nucleotides; 6 proteins) (from synonym Serranus miliaris Valenciennes, 1830)
To IUCN Red List (Least Concern)
To ITIS
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication) (from synonym Epinephelus dictyophorus (Bleeker, 1856))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (4 publications) (from synonym Serranus diktiophorus Bleeker, 1856)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (5 publications) (from synonym Epinephelus fuscus Fourmanoir, 1961)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (5 publications) (from synonym Serranus gaimardi Valenciennes, 1830)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (7 publications) (from synonym Serranus miliaris Valenciennes, 1830)
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL)
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL) (from synonym Epinephelus dictyophorus (Bleeker, 1856))
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Epinephelus miliaris)
To FishBase
To FishBase (from synonym Epinephelus fuscus Fourmanoir, 1961)
To FishBase (from synonym Serranus miliaris Valenciennes, 1830)
To FishBase (from synonym Epinephelus diktiophorus (Bleeker, 1856))
To FishBase (from synonym Serranus diktiophorus Bleeker, 1856)
To FishBase (from synonym Serranus gaimardi Valenciennes, 1830)
To FishBase (from synonym Epinephalus gaimardii (Valenciennes, 1830))
To FishBase (from synonym Epinephelus dictyophorus (Bleeker, 1856))
To FishBase images (Epinephelus miliaris, Marshall Is., by Trevor, M.)
To GenBank (11 nucleotides; 6 proteins)
To GenBank (11 nucleotides; 6 proteins) (from synonym Serranus miliaris Valenciennes, 1830)
To IUCN Red List (Least Concern)
To ITIS
