HABs taxon details
Prorocentrum caipirignum S.Fraga, M.Menezes & S.M.Nascimento, 2017
1063494 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:1063494)
accepted
Species
marine
Nascimento, S. M.; Mendes, M. C. Q.; Menezes, M.; Rodríguez, F.; Alves-de-Souza, C.; Branco, S.; Riobó, P.; Franco, J.; Nunes, J. M. C.; Huk, M.; Morris, S.; Fraga, S. (2017). Morphology and phylogeny of Prorocentrum caipirignum sp. nov. (Dinophyceae), a new tropical toxic benthic dinoflagellate. <em>Harmful Algae.</em> 70: 73-89., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2017.11.001 [details]
Distribution Rio de Janeiro and Bahia, Brazil (Nascimento et al. 2017)
Cuba (Herrera-Sepúlveda et al. 2015)
Japan (Nishimura et al....
Harmful effect Okadaic acid and prorocentrolide producer (Nascimento et al. 2017, Hoppenrath et al. 2023).
Identification The species belongs to the P. lima complex and can only reliably identified by its barcodes. Similar species are P. lima,...
Verified sequences LSU rDNA: KY039500
ITS: KJ960192, KY039499
Cuba (Herrera-Sepúlveda et al. 2015)
Japan (Nishimura et al....
Distribution Rio de Janeiro and Bahia, Brazil (Nascimento et al. 2017)
Cuba (Herrera-Sepúlveda et al. 2015)
Japan (Nishimura et al. 2020a, Nishimura and Adachi 2022)
Hainan Island, China (Zhang et al. 2015), South China Sea (Luo et al. 2017)
Malaysia (Mohammad-Noor et al. 2007b), Perhentian Islands, Malaysia (Lim et al. 2019) [details]
Cuba (Herrera-Sepúlveda et al. 2015)
Japan (Nishimura et al. 2020a, Nishimura and Adachi 2022)
Hainan Island, China (Zhang et al. 2015), South China Sea (Luo et al. 2017)
Malaysia (Mohammad-Noor et al. 2007b), Perhentian Islands, Malaysia (Lim et al. 2019) [details]
Harmful effect Okadaic acid and prorocentrolide producer (Nascimento et al. 2017, Hoppenrath et al. 2023).
Harmful effect Okadaic acid and prorocentrolide producer (Nascimento et al. 2017, Hoppenrath et al. 2023). [details]
Identification The species belongs to the P. lima complex and can only reliably identified by its barcodes. Similar species are P. lima,...
Identification The species belongs to the P. lima complex and can only reliably identified by its barcodes. Similar species are P. lima, P. consutum, P. hoffmannianum, P. porosum
For morphological identification help look here: https://www.dinophyta.org/identification-keys/marine-benthic-dinoflagellates/prorocentrum-ident-spp-pages/
or check out this key: https://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v4/prorocentrum/ [details]
For morphological identification help look here: https://www.dinophyta.org/identification-keys/marine-benthic-dinoflagellates/prorocentrum-ident-spp-pages/
or check out this key: https://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v4/prorocentrum/ [details]
Verified sequences LSU rDNA: KY039500
ITS: KJ960192, KY039499
Verified sequences LSU rDNA: KY039500
ITS: KJ960192, KY039499 [details]
ITS: KJ960192, KY039499 [details]
Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2024). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Prorocentrum caipirignum S.Fraga, M.Menezes & S.M.Nascimento, 2017. Accessed through: Lundholm, N.; Churro, C.; Escalera, L.; Fraga, S.; Hoppenrath, M.; Iwataki, M.; Larsen, J.; Mertens, K.; Moestrup, Ø.; Murray, S.; Tillmann, U.; Zingone, A. (Eds) (2009 onwards) IOC-UNESCO Taxonomic Reference List of Harmful Micro Algae at: https://www.marinespecies.org/hab/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1063494 on 2025-04-04
Lundholm, N.; Bernard, C.; Churro, C.; Escalera, L.; Hoppenrath, M.; Iwataki, M.; Larsen, J.; Mertens, K.; Moestrup, Ø.; Murray, S.; Salas, R.; Tillmann, U.; Zingone, A. (Eds) (2009 onwards). IOC-UNESCO Taxonomic Reference List of Harmful Micro Algae. Prorocentrum caipirignum S.Fraga, M.Menezes & S.M.Nascimento, 2017. Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/hab/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1063494 on 2025-04-04
Date
action
by
original description
Nascimento, S. M.; Mendes, M. C. Q.; Menezes, M.; Rodríguez, F.; Alves-de-Souza, C.; Branco, S.; Riobó, P.; Franco, J.; Nunes, J. M. C.; Huk, M.; Morris, S.; Fraga, S. (2017). Morphology and phylogeny of Prorocentrum caipirignum sp. nov. (Dinophyceae), a new tropical toxic benthic dinoflagellate. <em>Harmful Algae.</em> 70: 73-89., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2017.11.001 [details]
basis of record Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2025). AlgaeBase. <em>World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.</em> searched on YYYY-MM-DD., available online at http://www.algaebase.org [details]
additional source Hoppenrath, M.; Murray, S.; Chomerat, N.; Horiguchi, T.; Rhodes, L. (2023). Marine benthic dinoflagellates - their relevance for science and society. <em>Senckenberg book 88.</em> [details]
basis of record Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2025). AlgaeBase. <em>World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.</em> searched on YYYY-MM-DD., available online at http://www.algaebase.org [details]
additional source Hoppenrath, M.; Murray, S.; Chomerat, N.; Horiguchi, T.; Rhodes, L. (2023). Marine benthic dinoflagellates - their relevance for science and society. <em>Senckenberg book 88.</em> [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From regional or thematic species database
Description Cells of Prorocentrum caipirignum are oblong oval, 37–47 µm long and 29–38 µm deep, with pyrenoid with starch sheath in the cell centre. Smooth thecal surface. Thecal plates with row of marginal pores and scattered pores except in the center which is devoid of pores. The pores can be circular but in most cases are oval or kidney-shaped. Periflagellar area V-shaped on the right thecal plate without or with a low collar on the left thecal plate. Platelet formula: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8. [details]Distribution Rio de Janeiro and Bahia, Brazil (Nascimento et al. 2017)
Cuba (Herrera-Sepúlveda et al. 2015)
Japan (Nishimura et al. 2020a, Nishimura and Adachi 2022)
Hainan Island, China (Zhang et al. 2015), South China Sea (Luo et al. 2017)
Malaysia (Mohammad-Noor et al. 2007b), Perhentian Islands, Malaysia (Lim et al. 2019) [details]
Harmful effect Okadaic acid and prorocentrolide producer (Nascimento et al. 2017, Hoppenrath et al. 2023). [details]
Identification The species belongs to the P. lima complex and can only reliably identified by its barcodes. Similar species are P. lima, P. consutum, P. hoffmannianum, P. porosum
For morphological identification help look here: https://www.dinophyta.org/identification-keys/marine-benthic-dinoflagellates/prorocentrum-ident-spp-pages/
or check out this key: https://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v4/prorocentrum/ [details]
Verified sequences LSU rDNA: KY039500
ITS: KJ960192, KY039499 [details]
