WoRMS source details

Clarke, Andrew; Johnston, Nadine M. (2003). Antarctic marine benthic diversity. Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review. 41: 47-114.
4179
Clarke, Andrew; Johnston, Nadine M
2003
Antarctic marine benthic diversity
Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review
41: 47-114
Publication
An unpublished species checklist compiled for background to this paper by the two authors was later used as basis for the Register of Antarctic Marine Species. The review article itself contains no species lists. The journal series is available at https://www.routledge.com but there is no link to the article. The original spreadsheet checklist might be obtainable from the author, accl@bas.ac.uk
Ant'Phipoda Literature database.
Available for editors  PDF available [request]
Species lists have been compiled for all the major groups of Southern Ocean benthic marine invertebrates, eliminating synonymies where possible and providing a subjective estimate of completeness and reliability for each group. Antarctic marine diversity (pelagic and benthic) is relatively high at the phylum and class level, with the gaps mostly comprising minor, meiofaunal or parasitic groups. Most benthic diversity data come from the continental shelves, with relatively few samples from deeper water. Even for the continental shelves, however, sampling is highly patchy with some areas hardly investigated at all. Over 4100 benthic species have been reported from the Southern Ocean, with the most speciose groups being polychaetes, gastropods and amphipods. Comparison with tropical and temperate regions suggest that decapods, bivalves and teleost fishes are poorly represented in the Southern Ocean benthic marine fauna, whereas pycnogonids, echinoderms and many suspension feeding groups are rich and diverse. Some groups that are currently low in diversity were previously well represented in the Antarctic shallow water marine fauna, notably decapods and many fishes. Other groups have undergone marked radiations in the Southern Ocean, including pycnogonids, amphipods, isopods and teleost fishes; in all cases, however, it is only some lineages that have diversified. This indicates that evolutionary questions concerning the origin, diversification or extinction of the Southern Ocean marine fauna will have no single answer; the evolutionary history of each group appears to reflect a different response to the tectonic, climatic and oceanographic changes to which they have been subject through history. The disposition of southern hemisphere continents makes it difficult to assess whether there is a latitudinal cline in shallow-water marine diversity to mirror that known from the northern hemisphere. Within Antarctica, many species appear to have circumpolar distributions, and the long established biogeographical division into continental Antarctic, Antarctic Peninsula and sub-Antarctic regions have not been challenged by recent sampling. For most groups the frequency distribution of species per genus ratios is typical, though none is well described by the predictions from current evolutionary or null models. Where data are available, size spectra indicate that many Southern Ocean taxa are small, a few spectacular examples of gigantism notwithstanding, and species abundance plots are normal. Knowledge of the Southern Ocean benthic marine fauna has reached a stage where we can now ask powerful evolutionary questions, and the development of new molecular techniques provides the mechanism for answering them
Antarctic
Fauna and Flora, Faunistic inventories, Checklists, Catalogues
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2013-01-12 18:30:12Z
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2024-01-17 21:45:47Z
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Abatus agassizii Mortensen, 1910 (additional source)
Abatus bidens Mortensen, 1910 accepted as Abatus cavernosus bidens Mortensen, 1910 (additional source)
Abatus cavernosus (Philippi, 1845) (additional source)
Abatus cavernosus var. bidens Mortensen, 1910 accepted as Abatus cavernosus bidens Mortensen, 1910 (basis of record)
Abatus curvidens Mortensen, 1936 (additional source)
Abatus elongatus (Koehler, 1908) accepted as Abatus koehleri (Thiéry, 1909) (additional source)
Abatus ingens Koehler, 1926 (additional source)
Abatus philippi Lovén, 1871 accepted as Abatus philippii Lovén, 1871 (basis of record)
Abatus shackletoni Koehler, 1911 (additional source)
Abyssoclymene Hartman, 1967 (basis of record)
Abyssoclymene annularis Hartman, 1967 (basis of record)
Abyssocucumis liouvillei (Vaney, 1914) Gutt, 1988 accepted as Staurocucumis liouvillei (Vaney, 1914) Ekman, 1927 (basis of record)
Abyssocucumis tourqueti (Vaney, 1906) accepted as Staurocucumis turqueti (Vaney, 1906) (basis of record)
Acantharcturus acanthurus (Monod, 1925) accepted as Mixarcturus acanthurus (Monod, 1925) (basis of record)
Acantharcturus acutipleon Schultz, 1981 (basis of record)
Acanthaspidia acanthonotus (Beddard, 1886) accepted as Iolanthe acanthonotus Beddard, 1886 (basis of record)
Acanthaspidia drygalskii Vanhöffen, 1914 accepted as Iolanthe drygalskii (Vanhöffen, 1914) (basis of record)
Acanthaspidia iolanthoidea Vasina & Kussakin, 1982 accepted as Iolanthe iolanthoidea (Vasina & Kussakin, 1982) (basis of record)
Acanthaspidia porrecta Menzies & Schultz, 1968 accepted as Iolanthe porrecta (Menzies & Schultz, 1968) (basis of record)
Acanthomunna spinipes (Vanhöffen, 1914) (basis of record)
Acanthophragma Hayward, 1993 (basis of record)
Acanthophragma polaris Hayward, 1993 (basis of record)
Acanthopriapulus van der Land, 1970 (basis of record)
Acanthopriapulus horridus (Théel, 1911) (basis of record)
Acanthorhabdus fragilis Burton, 1929 (additional source)
Acanthoserolis Brandt, 1988 (basis of record)
Acanthoserolis polaris (Richardson, 1911) (basis of record)
Acanthoserolis schythei (Lütken, 1858) (basis of record)
Accalathura gigantissima Kussakin, 1967 (basis of record)
Achelia communis (Bouvier, 1906) (basis of record)
Achelia hoekii (Pfeffer, 1889) (basis of record)
Achelia parvula (Loman, 1923) (basis of record)
Achelia serratipalpis (Bouvier, 1911) (basis of record)
Achelia spicata (Hodgson, 1914) (basis of record)
Achelia sufflata Gordon, 1944 (basis of record)
Acheliderma topsenti Burton, 1932 accepted as Megaciella topsenti (Burton, 1932) (additional source)
Achlyonice violaecuspidata Gutt, 1990 accepted as Rhipidothuria racovitzai Hérouard, 1901 (basis of record)
Acodontaster Verrill, 1899 (basis of record)
Acodontaster capitatus (Koehler, 1912) (basis of record)
Acodontaster conspicuus (Koehler, 1920) (basis of record)
Acodontaster elongatus (Sladen, 1889) (basis of record)
Acodontaster hodgsoni (Bell, 1908) (basis of record)
Acodontaster hodgsoni f. hodgsoni (Bell, 1889) (basis of record)
Acodontaster hodgsoni f. stellatus (Koehler, 1920) (basis of record)
Acodontaster marginatus (Koehler, 1912) (basis of record)
Acodontaster waitei (Koehler, 1920) accepted as Acodontaster conspicuus (Koehler, 1920) (basis of record)
Actinernus elongatus (Hertwig, 1882) (basis of record)
Actinoscyphia plebeia (McMurrich, 1893) (basis of record)
Actinostola crassicornis (Hertwig, 1882) (basis of record)
Acutiserolis Brandt, 1988 (basis of record)
Acutiserolis gerlachei (Monod, 1925) (basis of record)
Acutiserolis johnstoni (Hale, 1952) (basis of record)
Acutiserolis spinosa (Kussakin, 1967) (basis of record)
Adagnesia weddelli Monniot C. & Monniot F., 1994 (basis of record)
Adelascopora Hayward & Thorpe, 1988 (basis of record)
Adelascopora jeqolqa Moyano, 1989 accepted as Adelascopora secunda Hayward & Thorpe, 1988 (basis of record)
Adelascopora secunda Hayward & Thorpe, 1988 (basis of record)
Adocia tenellus (Topsent, 1916) accepted as Haliclona (Gellius) jeancharcoti Van Soest & Hooper, 2020 (source of synonymy)
Aedicira belgicae (Fauvel, 1936) accepted as Aricidea (Allia) belgicae (Fauvel, 1936) accepted as Aricidea (Strelzovia) belgicae (Fauvel, 1936) (basis of record)
Aega koltuni Kussakin, 1967 accepted as Aegiochus antarctica (Hodgson, 1910) (basis of record)
Aegiochus antarctica (Hodgson, 1910) (basis of record)
Aegiochus glacialis (Tattersall, 1921) (basis of record)
Aglaophamus digitatus Hartman, 1967 (basis of record)
Aglaophamus foliosus Hartman, 1967 (basis of record)
Aglaophamus groenlandiae Hartman, 1967 (basis of record)
Aglaophamus ornatus Hartman, 1967 accepted as Aglaophamus trissophyllus (Grube, 1877) (additional source)
Aglaophamus paramalmgreni Hartmann-Schröder & Rosenfeldt, 1992 (additional source)
Aglaophamus posterobranchus Hartman, 1967 (basis of record)
Aglaophamus trissophyllus (Grube, 1877) (additional source)
Aglaophamus virginis (Kinberg, 1866) (basis of record)
Aglaoprimnoa Bayer, 1996 (basis of record)
Aglaoprimnoa stefanii Bayer, 1996 (basis of record)
Agnezia arnaudi (Monniot C. & Monniot F., 1974) (basis of record)
Agnezia biscoei (Monniot C. & Monniot F., 1983) (basis of record)
Aimulosia Jullien, 1888 (basis of record)
Aimulosia antarctica (Powell, 1967) (basis of record)
Aimulosia australis Jullien, 1888 (basis of record)
Aiptasia minima Stephenson, 1918 accepted as Aiptasiomorpha minima (Stephenson, 1918) (basis of record)
Alcyonidium Lamouroux, 1813 (additional source)
Alcyonidium antarcticum Waters, 1904 (basis of record)
Alcyonidium eightsi Winston & Hayward, 1994 (basis of record)
Alcyonidium flabelliforme Kirkpatrick, 1902 (basis of record)
Alcyonidium mytili Dalyell, 1848 accepted as Alcyonidioides mytili (Dalyell, 1848) (additional source)
Alloecarpa Michaelsen, 1900 accepted as Alloeocarpa Michaelsen, 1900 (basis of record)
Alloeocarpa incrustans (Herdman, 1886) (basis of record)
Amage sculpta Ehlers, 1908 (basis of record)
Amastigia Busk, 1852 (additional source)
Amastigia antarctica (Kluge, 1914) (basis of record)
Amastigia cabereoides (Kluge, 1914) (basis of record)
Amastigia gaussi (Kluge, 1914) (basis of record)
Amastigia solida (Kluge, 1914) (basis of record)
Amblyosyllis granosa Ehlers, 1897 (additional source)
Ammothea allopodes Fry & Hedgpeth, 1969 (basis of record)
Ammothea bicorniculata Stiboy-Risch, 1992 (basis of record)
Ammothea calmani Gordon, 1932 (basis of record)
Ammothea carolinensis Leach, 1814 (basis of record)
Ammothea clausi Pfeffer, 1889 (basis of record)
Ammothea dubia (Hedgpeth, 1950) accepted as Boehmia dubia Hedgpeth, 1950 (basis of record)
Ammothea gigantea Gordon, 1932 (basis of record)
Ammothea glacialis (Hodgson, 1907) (basis of record)
 Authority

Author uncertain [details]

 Authority

(Kinberg, 1866) according to RAMS [details]

 Authority

Monniot & Monniot, 1982 [details]

 Authority

RAMS gives this species (Kroyer, 1856) as author [details]

 Authority

Described by Lyman in 1882 [details]

 Authority

(Keferstein, 1863) is mentioned in RAMS [details]

 Authority

RAMS mentions Ehlers, 1875 as author [details]

 Authority

Gambi et al., 1997 found 2 not yet described species: "sp.1" and "sp.2" [details]

 Authority

Ehlers, 1897 according to RAMS [details]

 Authority

Schmarda, 1861 according to RAMS [details]

 Authority

Ehlers, 1874 according to RAMS [details]

 Authority

Mentioned as Kinberg, 1866a in RAMS [details]

 Authority

The authors are uncertain about the authority [details]

 Classification

Member of the family Arcturidae according to RAMS [details]

 Classification

According to RAMS, the genus Anoplodactylus belongs to the Pycnogonidae family instead of the Phoxichilidiidae family. [details]

 Classification

Member of the family Arcturidae according to RAMS [details]

 Classification

According to RAMS, the genus Ascothorax belongs to the Synagogidae family instead of the Ascothoracidae family. [details]

 Classification

According to RAMS, the genus Balanus belongs to the Bathylasmatidae family instead of the Balanidae family. [details]

 Classification

Listed under family Pyuridae [details]

 Classification

Member of the family Arcturidae according to RAMS [details]

 Classification

Placed under Subfamily Coninae [details]

 Classification

According to RAMS, the genus Coronula belongs to the Bathylasmatidae family instead of the Coronulidae family. [details]

 Classification

According to RAMS, the family Ctenosculidae belongs to the Cirripedia infraclass instead of the Ascothoracida ... [details]

 Classification

Member of the family Arcturidae according to RAMS [details]

 Classification

According to RAMS, the family Dendrogastridae belongs to the Cirripedia infraclass instead of the Ascothoracida ... [details]

 Classification

Under Subfamily Cioninae [details]

 Classification

Considered to belong to the Family Munnopsidae [details]

 Classification

Genus Escharella is considered by RAMS to belong to the FamilyExochellidae [details]

 Classification

The Genus Escharoides is considered bt RAMS to belong to the Family Exochellidae [details]

 Classification

Considered to belong to the Family Munnopsidae [details]

 Classification

Considered by RAMS to belong to the Family Exochellidae [details]

 Classification

Member of the family Arcturidae according to RAMS [details]

 Classification

Member of the family Arcturidae according to RAMS [details]

 Classification

Considered to belong to the family Munnopsidae [details]

 Classification

Member of the family Arcturidae according to RAMS [details]

 Classification

Listed under Dimeatidae in Clarke & Johnston (2003). [details]

 Classification

Belongs to the family Arcturidae accoring to RAMS [details]

 Classification

According to RAMS, the genus Pallenopsis belongs to the Callipallenidae; in the printed version of ERMS, the genus is ... [details]

 Classification

Belongs to family Arcturidae according to RAMS [details]

 Classification

Placed in family Plicatocrinidae by Clarke & Johnston (2003). [details]

 Classification

belongs to familt Arcturidae according to RAMS [details]

 Classification

Considered to belong to the Family Munnopsidae [details]

 Classification

According to RAMS, the family Synagogidae belongs to the Cirripedia infraclass instead of the Ascothoracida infraclass. [details]

 Classification

Considered to belong to the Family Munnopsidae [details]

 Classification

Belongs to family Arcturidae according to RAMS [details]

 Classification

According to RAMS, the genus Xenobalanus belongs to the Bathylasmatidae family instead of the Coronulidae family. [details]

 Identification

cf. loveni Malmgren, 1865 [details]

 Identification

The authors are uncertain about the Species [details]

 Spelling
 for Actiniaria

Actinaria [details]

 Spelling

Actinidae [details]

 Spelling

Actinoschyphiidae [details]

 Spelling

Spelled as Alyconidum eightsi in RAMS [details]

 Spelling

Spelled as Amphlibestrum inermis in RAMS [details]

 Spelling

Spelles as Amphiporus gerlachi in RAMS [details]

 Spelling

Referred to by RAMS as Biemna chiliensis[details]

 Spelling

Spelled as Camploplites retiformis in RAMS [details]

 Spelling

Also spelled Cerebratulus malvidi in RAMS [details]

 Spelling

Referred to by RAMS as Coelosphaera appendiculata[details]

 Spelling

In RAMS spelled as Cymodocea australis [details]

 Spelling

commonly misspelled as Dendrophyllidae [details]

 Spelling

Referred to by RAMS as Desmacidon ramosa and by Uriz as Desmacidon ramosus, but corrected for gender of genus name. [details]

 Spelling

Referred to by RAMS as Dolichocantha macrodon[details]

 Spelling

Clarke & Johnston's (2003) list of Antarctic sponges misspelled the (sub-)genus name Ectyomyxilla as Ectomyxilla, ... [details]

 Spelling

This Genus is also spelled Frontoserolils in RAMS [details]

 Spelling

Gorgonidae [details]

 Spelling

Spelled Harmothoe (Harmathoe) spinosa in RAMS [details]

 Spelling

Spelled Herdmadion in RAMS [details]

 Spelling

In RAMS, this species is spelled "Herdmadion magalhaensi" [details]

 Spelling

Jathrippa [details]

 Spelling

Kophobelemnonidae [details]

 Spelling

As far as is known the genus misspelling 'Leospira' exists only in an unpublished checklist associated with the ... [details]

 Spelling

Referred to by RAMS as Leucoselenia[details]

 Spelling

Referred to by RAMS as Leucoselenia discoveryi[details]

 Spelling

Mogula pedunculata in RAMS checklist [details]

 Spelling

listed as Mogula robini [details]

 Spelling

in RAMS spelled as M. longircollaris [details]

 Spelling

Spelled in RAMS as Pseudoscalibregmida bransfieldia [details]

 Spelling

In RAMS spelled as S.( Leodamus) marginatus mcleani [details]

 Spelling

In RAMS spelled as S. (Leodamus) ohlini [details]

 Spelling

Also spelled T. maikenensis in RAMS [details]

 Spelling

Umbellula thomsonii [details]

 Taxonomy

Belongs to Prosorhochmidae according to RAMS [details]

 Taxonomy

A species named A. nr. hastulifera was described by (Fauvel, 1936) in RAMS [details]

 Taxonomy

RAMS also mentions a species Autolutus cf. maclearanus [details]

 Taxonomy

RAMS also mentions a species Autolytus cf. simplex [details]

 Taxonomy

Hooper (2002) and Van Soest (2002) in the same volume assign Bipocillopsis as a junior synonym to different genera ... [details]

 Taxonomy

Belongs to Lineidae accoriding to RAMS [details]

 Taxonomy

Gambi et al., 1997 mentions two not yet described species: sp. 1 and sp. 2 [details]

 Taxonomy

Referred to by RAMS as Geodinella, which is a junior genus name for Geodia according to a checklist provided by Rob ... [details]

 Taxonomy

The genus Leodora is placed under Serpulidae according to RAMS [details]

 Taxonomy

Classified under Iphitimidae [details]

 Taxonomy

Was under Iphitimidae. Palpiphitime is best treated as a species group within Ophyrotrocha according to Wiklund et ... [details]

 Taxonomy

This Genus is placed under Serpulidae in RAMS [details]

 Taxonomy

This genus belongs to Lineidae according to RAMS [details]

 Taxonomy

RAMS also mentions a species Pionosyllis cf. comosa [details]

 Taxonomy

(Hartman, 1978) mentions 3 not yet described species: sp.A, sp. B and sp. C [details]

 Taxonomy

RAMS mentions also a species Sphaerosyllis cf. tetralix[details]

 Taxonomy

Referred to by RAMS as Monosyringa, which is a junior synonym. [details]

 Validity

Author is not sure about Genus name [details]

 Validity

Kinberg, 1855 is mentioned in RAMS Checklists but actual publication date of that work was 1856 [details]