URMO taxon details
Antipathes Pallas, 1766
Antipathes (Euantipathes) van Pesch, 1914 · unaccepted (subjective synonym)
- Species Antipathes aculeata (Brook, 1889)
- Species Antipathes arborea Dana, 1846
- Species Antipathes assimilis (Brook, 1889)
- Species Antipathes atlantica Gray, 1857
- Species Antipathes brookii (Whitelegge, 1899)
- Species Antipathes caribbeana Opresko, 1996
- Species Antipathes ceylonensis (Thomson & Simpson, 1905)
- Species Antipathes chamaemorus Pax & Tischbierek, 1932
- Species Antipathes chota Cooper, 1903
- Species Antipathes clathrata Pallas, 1766
- Species Antipathes coronata Opresko, 2019
- Species Antipathes curvata van Pesch, 1914
- Species Antipathes delicatula Schultze, 1896
- Species Antipathes dendrochristos Opresko, 2005
- Species Antipathes densa Silberfeld, 1909
- Species Antipathes dichotoma Pallas, 1766
- Species Antipathes dicrocrada Opresko, 2019
- Species Antipathes dubia (Brook, 1889)
- Species Antipathes elegans (Thomson & Simpson, 1905)
- Species Antipathes falkorae Horowitz, 2022
- Species Antipathes fragilis Gravier, 1918
- Species Antipathes fruticosa Gray, 1857
- Species Antipathes furcata Gray, 1857
- Species Antipathes galapagensis Deichmann, 1941
- Species Antipathes gallensis Thomson & Simpson, 1905
- Species Antipathes gracilis Gray, 1860
- Species Antipathes grandiflora Silberfeld, 1909
- Species Antipathes grandis Verrill, 1928
- Species Antipathes grayi (Roule, 1902)
- Species Antipathes hypnoides (Brook, 1889)
- Species Antipathes indistincta van Pesch, 1914
- Species Antipathes irregularis Cooper, 1909
- Species Antipathes irregularis (Thomson & Simpson, 1905)
- Species Antipathes lenta Pourtalčs, 1871
- Species Antipathes lentipinna Brook, 1889
- Species Antipathes longibrachiata van Pesch, 1914
- Species Antipathes minor (Brook, 1889)
- Species Antipathes morrisi Horowitz, 2022
- Species Antipathes nilanduensis Cooper, 1903
- Species Antipathes pauroclema Pax & Tischbierek, 1932
- Species Antipathes plana Cooper, 1909
- Species Antipathes plantagenista (Cooper, 1903)
- Species Antipathes polyhedra Opresko, 2019
- Species Antipathes pseudodichotoma Silberfeld, 1909
- Species Antipathes regularis Cooper, 1903
- Species Antipathes rhipidion Pax, 1916
- Species Antipathes rubra Cooper, 1903
- Species Antipathes rubusiformis Warner & Opresko, 2004
- Species Antipathes salicoides Summers, 1910
- Species Antipathes sarothrum Pax, 1932
- Species Antipathes sealarki Cooper, 1909
- Species Antipathes sibogae van Pesch, 1914
- Species Antipathes simplex (Schultze, 1896)
- Species Antipathes speciosa (Brook, 1889)
- Species Antipathes spinulosa (Schultze, 1896)
- Species Antipathes sylospongia Opresko & Wagner, 2020
- Species Antipathes ternatensis Schultze, 1896
- Species Antipathes thamnoides (Schultze, 1896)
- Species Antipathes tristis (Duchassaing, 1870)
- Species Antipathes umbratica Opresko, 1996
- Species Antipathes viminalis Roule, 1902
- Species Antipathes virgata Esper, 1798
- Species Antipathes zoothallus Pax, 1932
- Subgenus Antipathes (Aphanipathes) Brook, 1889 accepted as Aphanipathes Brook, 1889 (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes (Aphanipathes) reticulata Van Pesch, 1914 (accepted > unreplaced junior homonym)
- Species Antipathes (Aphanipathes) cancellata (Brook, 1889) accepted as Phanopathes cancellata (Brook, 1889) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes (Aphanipathes) pennacea Pallas, 1766 accepted as Plumapathes pennacea (Pallas, 1766) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes (Aphanipathes) sibogae Van Pesch, 1914 accepted as Antipathes sibogae van Pesch, 1914 (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes (Aphanipathes) indistincta Van Pesch, 1914 represented as Antipathes indistincta van Pesch, 1914
- Subgenus Antipathes (Arachnopathes) accepted as Arachnopathes Milne Edwards H., 1857 (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes (Arachnopathes) columnaris (Duchassaing, 1870) accepted as Stylopathes columnaris (Duchassaing, 1870) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Subgenus Antipathes (Cirripathes) de Blainville, 1830 accepted as Cirrhipathes de Blainville, 1830
- Species Antipathes (Cirripathes) anguina Dana, 1846 accepted as Cirrhipathes anguina (Dana, 1846) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes (Cirripathes) setacea Gray, 1860 accepted as Stichopathes setacea (Gray, 1860)
- Species Antipathes (Cirripathes) spiralis (Linnaeus, 1758) accepted as Cirrhipathes spiralis (Linnaeus, 1758) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Subgenus Antipathes (Euantipathes) van Pesch, 1914 accepted as Antipathes Pallas, 1766 (subjective synonym)
- Species Antipathes (Euantipathes) crispa (Brook, 1889) accepted as Tylopathes crispa Brook, 1889 (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes (Euantipathes) curvata Van Pesch, 1914 accepted as Antipathes curvata van Pesch, 1914 (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes (Euantipathes) densa Silberfeld, 1909 accepted as Antipathes densa Silberfeld, 1909 (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes (Euantipathes) ericoides Pallas, 1766 accepted as Arachnopathes ericoides (Pallas, 1766) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes (Euantipathes) flabellum Pallas, 1766 accepted as Antipathes flabellum Pallas, 1766 (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes (Euantipathes) glaberrima Esper, 1792 accepted as Leiopathes glaberrima (Esper, 1792) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes (Euantipathes) japonica Brook, 1889 accepted as Myriopathes japonica (Brook, 1889) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes (Euantipathes) longibrachiata van Pesch, 1914 accepted as Antipathes longibrachiata van Pesch, 1914 (superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes (Euantipathes) minor (Brook, 1889) accepted as Antipathes minor (Brook, 1889) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes (Euantipathes) plana Cooper, 1909 accepted as Antipathes plana Cooper, 1909 (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes (Euantipathes) ulex Ellis & Solander, 1786 accepted as Myriopathes ulex (Ellis & Solander, 1786) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes abies (Linnaeus, 1758) accepted as Cupressopathes abies (Linnaeus, 1758) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes abietina Pourtalčs, 1874 accepted as Elatopathes abietina (Pourtalčs, 1874) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes americana Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1860 accepted as Stylopathes americana (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1860) (unaccepted > superseded combination, new combination)
- Species Antipathes anguina Dana, 1846 accepted as Cirrhipathes anguina (Dana, 1846) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes antrocrada Opresko, 1999 accepted as Myriopathes antrocrada (Opresko, 1999) (New combination)
- Species Antipathes aperta Totton, 1923 accepted as Antipathella aperta (Totton, 1923) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes arctica Lütken, 1871 accepted as Stauropathes arctica (Lütken, 1871) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes barbadensis (Brook, 1889) accepted as Tanacetipathes barbadensis (Brook, 1889) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes bifaria Brook, 1889 accepted as Myriopathes bifaria (Brook, 1889) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes cancellata (Brook, 1889) accepted as Phanopathes cancellata (Brook, 1889) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes columnaris (Duchassaing, 1870) accepted as Stylopathes columnaris (Duchassaing, 1870) (unaccepted > superseded combination, new combination)
- Species Antipathes contorta (Brook, 1889) accepted as Tylopathes contorta (Brook, 1889) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes cylindrica Brook, 1889 accepted as Cupressopathes cylindrica (Brook, 1889) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes desbonni (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864) accepted as Allopathes desbonni (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864) (unaccepted > superseded combination, new combination)
- Species Antipathes ericoides Pallas, 1766 accepted as Arachnopathes ericoides (Pallas, 1766) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes erinaceus (Roule, 1905) accepted as Phanopathes erinaceus (Roule, 1905) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes expansa Opresko & Cairns, 1992 accepted as Phanopathes expansa (Opresko & Cairns, 1992) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes fernandezi Pourtalčs, 1874 accepted as Plumapathes fernandezi (Pourtalčs, 1874) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes filix Pourtalčs, 1867 accepted as Distichopathes filix (Pourtalčs, 1867) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes fiordensis Grange, 1990 accepted as Antipathella fiordensis (Grange, 1990) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes flexibilis Gravier, 1919 accepted as Antipathes fragilis Gravier, 1918 (unaccepted > junior objective synonym)
- Species Antipathes glutinata Totton, 1923 accepted as Tylopathes glutinata (Totton, 1923) (putative new combination)
- Species Antipathes glutinosa Tott. accepted as Tylopathes glutinata (Totton, 1923) (unaccepted > misspelling - incorrect subsequent spelling)
- Species Antipathes gracilis Koch, 1889 accepted as Antipathes fragilis Gravier, 1918 (unaccepted > junior homonym)
- Species Antipathes heterorhodzos Cooper, 1909 accepted as Heliopathes heterorhodzos (Cooper, 1909) accepted as Heteropathes heterorhodzos (Cooper, 1909) (synonym)
- Species Antipathes hirta Gray, 1857 accepted as Tanacetipathes hirta (Gray, 1857) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes humilis Pourtalčs, 1867 accepted as Acanthopathes humilis (Pourtalčs, 1867) (unaccepted > superseded combination, new combination)
- Species Antipathes japonica Brook, 1889 accepted as Myriopathes japonica (Brook, 1889) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes larix Esper, 1788 accepted as Parantipathes larix (Esper, 1788) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes lata Silberfeld, 1909 accepted as Myriopathes lata (Silberfeld, 1909) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes lilliei Totton, 1923 accepted as Lillipathes lillei (Totton, 1923) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes myriophylla Pallas, 1766 accepted as Myriopathes myriophylla (Pallas, 1766) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes panamensis Verrill, 1869 accepted as Myriopathes panamensis (Verrill, 1869) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes paniculata Esper, 1797 accepted as Cupressopathes paniculata (Esper, 1796) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes pedata Gray, 1857 accepted as Aphanipathes pedata (Gray, 1857) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes pennacea Pallas, 1766 accepted as Plumapathes pennacea (Pallas, 1766) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes pluma Gray, 1857 accepted as Plumapathes pennacea (Pallas, 1766) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- Species Antipathes pumila Brook, 1889 accepted as Cupressopathes pumila (Brook, 1889) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes reticulata Esper, 1795 accepted as Rhipidipathes reticulata (Esper, 1795) (unaccepted > superseded combination, new combination)
- Species Antipathes rigida Pourtalčs, 1880 accepted as Phanopathes rigida (Pourtalčs, 1880) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes robillardi Bell, 1891 accepted as Allopathes robillardi (Bell, 1891) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes rugosa (Thomson & Simpson, 1905) accepted as Myriopathes rugosa (Thomson & Simpson, 1905) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes salix Pourtalčs, 1880 accepted as Aphanipathes salix (Pourtalčs, 1880) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes setacea Gray, 1860 accepted as Stichopathes setacea (Gray, 1860) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes spinosa (Carter, 1880) accepted as Myriopathes spinosa (Carter, 1880) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes spiralis (Linnaeus, 1758) accepted as Cirrhipathes spiralis (Linnaeus, 1758) (unaccepted > superseded combination, new combination)
- Species Antipathes squamosa Koch, 1886 accepted as Tanacetipathes squamosa (Koch, 1886) (unaccepted > superseded combination, new combination)
- Species Antipathes strigosa (Brook, 1889) accepted as Antipathella strigosa Brook, 1889 (incorrect binomen)
- Species Antipathes tanacetum Pourtalčs, 1880 accepted as Tanacetipathes tanacetum (Pourtalčs, 1880) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes tenuispina (Silberfeld, 1909) accepted as Stylopathes tenuispina (Silberfeld, 1909)
- Species Antipathes tetrasticha Pourtalčs, 1868 accepted as Parantipathes tetrasticha (Pourtalčs, 1868) (unaccepted > superseded combination, new combination)
- Species Antipathes thamnea Warner, 1981 accepted as Tanacetipathes thamnea (Warner, 1981) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes thyoides Pourtalčs, 1880 accepted as Acanthopathes thyoides (Pourtalčs, 1880) (unaccepted > superseded combination, new combination)
- Species Antipathes ulex Ellis & Solander, 1786 accepted as Myriopathes ulex (Ellis & Solander, 1786) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes valdiviae Pax, 1915 accepted as Leiopathes valdiviae (Pax, 1915) (new combination)
- Species Antipathes variegata Esper (unaccepted > nomen nudum)
- Species Antipathes verticillata (Brook, 1889) accepted as Aphanipathes verticillata Brook, 1889 (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes simpsoni (Summers, 1910) represented as Pteropathes simpsoni Summers, 1910
- Subgenus Antipathes (Rhipidipathes) (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Antipathes (Rhipidipathes) tristis (Duchassaing, 1870) accepted as Antipathes tristis (Duchassaing, 1870) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Antipathes alopecuroides Ellis & Solander, 1786 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Antipathes boscii Lamouroux, 1816 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Antipathes compressa Esper, 1797 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Antipathes dissecta Duchassaing de Fombressin & Michelotti, 1864 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Antipathes flabellum Pallas, 1766 (uncertain > nomen dubium)
- Species Antipathes herdmanni Cooper, 1909 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Antipathes pectinata Lamarck, 1816 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Antipathes pinnatifida Lamouroux, 1816 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Antipathes scoparia Lamarck, 1818 (uncertain > unassessed)
marine, terrestrial
Pallas, P. S. (1766). Elenchus zoophytorum sistens generum adumbrationes generaliores et specierum cognitarum succintas descriptiones, cum selectis auctorum synonymis. <em>[book].</em> pp. 451, Fransiscum Varrentrapp, Hagae., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6019361 [details]
![OpenAccess publication OpenAccess publication](https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia/images/openaccess.png)
Molodtsova, T.; Opresko, D. (2024). World List of Antipatharia. Antipathes Pallas, 1766. Accessed through: Land J. van der (ed). (2008) UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms (URMO) at: https://www.marinespecies.org/Urmo/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=103302 on 2024-08-21
Land J. van der (ed). (2008). UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms (URMO). Antipathes Pallas, 1766. Accessed at: https://marinespecies.org/urmo/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=103302 on 2024-08-21
Date
action
by
original description
Pallas, P. S. (1766). Elenchus zoophytorum sistens generum adumbrationes generaliores et specierum cognitarum succintas descriptiones, cum selectis auctorum synonymis. <em>[book].</em> pp. 451, Fransiscum Varrentrapp, Hagae., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6019361 [details]
basis of record van der Land, J.; Opresko, D.M. (2001). Antipatharia, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 109 (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Britton, J.C. & B. Morton, 1989. Shore ecology of the Gulf of Mexico : i-viii, 1-387.
page(s): 320, 345 [details]
additional source Daly, M.M., Fautin D.G., Cappola V.A., 2003. Systematics of the Hexacorallia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 139 3: 419-437.
page(s): 424-425, 427-428 [details] Available for editors
additional source Howson, C.M. & B.E. Picton. (1997). The species directory of the marine fauna and flora of the British Isles and surrounding seas. <em>Ulster Museum Publication, 276. The Ulster Museum: Belfast, UK. ISBN 0-948150-06-8.</em> vi, 508 (+ cd-rom) pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
additional source Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). Checklist of marine biota of China seas. <em>China Science Press.</em> 1267 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
additional source van Pesch, A. J. 1914. The Antipatharia of the Siboga Expedition.Siboga-Expeditie Monographes. 17: 1-258
page(s): 7, 69, 75 [details]
additional source Cairns, S.D., L. Gershwin, F.J. Brook, P. Pugh, E.W. Dawson, O.V.; Oca�a, W. Vervoort, G. Williams, J.E. Watson, D.M. Opresko, P. Schuchert, P.M. Hine, D.P. Gordon, H.I. Campbell, A.J. Wright, J.A.S�nchez & D.G. Fautin. (2009). Phylum Cnidaria: corals, medusae, hydroids, myxozoans. <em>in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 1. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia.</em> pp. 59-101., available online at https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/8431 [details] Available for editors
additional source Opresko, D.M. (1972). Redescriptions and reevaluations of the antipatharians described by L.D. de Pourtal�s. <i>Bull. Mar. Sci.</i>. 22(4):950-1017.
page(s): 959-961 [details]
additional source Pourtal�s, L.F. de. (1868). Contributions to the fauna of the Gulf Stream at great depths (2d series). <em>Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, in Cambridge.</em> 1(7): 121-142., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6587602
page(s): 133 [details]
additional source Fenner, D. P. (2005). Corals of Hawai'i. A Field Guide to the Hard, Black, and Soft Corals of Hawai'i and the Northwest Hawaiian Islands, Including Midway. <em>Mutual Publishing, Ltd., Honolulu.</em> 144 pp.
page(s): 29, 99, 125 [details]
additional source Fautin, D. G.; Kozloff, E. N.; Siebert, A. E. (1987). Phylum Cnidaria - Class Anthozoa. University of Washington Press. Seattle and London., pp. 68-78
page(s): 71 [details]
additional source McMurrich, J. P. (1893). Report on the Actiniďż˝ collected by the United States Fish Commission Steamer Albatross during the winter of 1887-1888. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 16(930): 119-216
page(s): 120-121 [details]
additional source Paulay, G.; Puglisi, M. P.; Starmer, J. A. (2003). The non-scleractinian Anthozoa (Cnidaria) of the Mariana Islands. Micronesica, 35-36, 138-155
page(s): 149 [details]
additional source Grasshoff, M. (1981). Die Gorgonaria, Pennatularia und Antipatharia des Tiefwassers der Biskaya (Cnidaria, Anthozoa). Ergebnisse der franz�sischen Expeditionen Biogas, Polygas, Geomanche, Incal, Noratlante und Fahrten der "Thalassa" II. Taxonomischer Teil. Bulletin du Mus�um National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris), 3, zoologie, section A, (4): 941-978
page(s): 963 [details]
additional source Pax, F.; Van-Pra�t, M.; Doumenc, D. A. (1987). Ordre des Antipathaires. volume 3, pp. 189-210
page(s): 196 [details]
additional source Grasshoff, M. (1981). Die Gorgonaria, Pennatularia und Antipatharia des Tiefwassers der Biskaya (Cnidaria, Anthozoa). Ergebnisse der franz�sischen Expeditionen Biogas, Polygas, Geomanche, Incal, Noratlante und Fahrten der "Thalassa" II. Allgemeiner Teil. Bulletin du Mus�um National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris), 3, zoologie, section A, (3): 731-766
page(s): 742, 761 [details]
additional source Echeverr�a, C. A.; Castro, C. B. (1995). Antipathes (Cnidaria, Antipatharia) From Southeastern Brazil. Boletim do Museu Nacional (Rio de Janeiro), (364): 1-7
page(s): 3, 4 [details]
additional source Loiola, L. L.; Castro, C. B. (2001). Three new records of Antipatharia (Cnidaria) from Brazil, including the first record of a Schizopathidae. Boletim do Museu Nacional (Rio de Janeiro), (455): 1-10
page(s): 1 [details]
additional source Grigg, R. W.; Opresko, D. M. (1977). Order Antipatharia: black corals. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin, 64(1): 242-261
page(s): 244, 251, 253 [details]
additional source Grasshoff, M. (1985). Die Gorgonaria, Pennatularia und Antipatharia. L. Laubier and Cl. Monniot (eds.). IFREMER, chapter 17, pp. 299-307
page(s): 303 [details]
additional source Studer T. (1879). �bersicht der Anthozoa Alcyonaria, welche w�hrend der Reise S.M.S. Gazelle um die Erde gesammelt wurden. <em>Monatsberichte der k�nglich preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin.</em> 1878, 632-688.
page(s): 681 [details]
additional source Reed, J. K.; Pomponi, S. A.; Weaver, D. C.; Paull, C. K.; Wright, A. E. (2005). Deep-water sinkholes and bioherms of south Florida and the Pourtal�s Terrace - habitat and fauna. Bulletin of Marine Science, 77(2): 267-296
page(s): 276 [details]
additional source Williams, G. C. (1993). Coral Reef Octocorals: An Illustrated Guide to the Soft Corals, Sea Fans and Sea Pens Inhabiting the Coral Reefs of Northern Natal. Durban Natural Science Museum. Durban., pp. 63.
page(s): 8 [details]
additional source Belcik, F. P. (1977). A distribution study of the Octocorallia of Oregon. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 24(1-3): 49-52
page(s): 52 [details]
additional source Reed, J. K.; Weaver, D. C.; Pomponi, S. A. (2006). Habitat and fauna of deep-water Lophelia pertusa coral reefs off the southeastern U.S.: Blake Plateau, Straits of Florida, and Gulf of Mexico. Bulletin of Marine Science, 78, 2, 343-375
page(s): 361, 362, 367 [details]
additional source Okey, T. A.; Banks, S.; Born, A. F.; Bustamante, R. H.; Calvopi�a, M.; Edgar, G. J.; Espinoza, E.; Fari�a, J. M.; Garske, L. E.; Reck, G. K.; Salazar, S.; Shepherd, S. A.; Toral-Granda, V.; Wallem, P. (2004). A trophic model of a Gal�pagos subtidal rocky reef for evaluating fisheries and conservation strategies. Ecological Modelling, 172, 383-401
page(s): 386 [details]
additional source Wagner, D.; Papastamatiou, Y. P.; Kosaki, R. K.; Gleason, K. A.; McFall, G. B.; Boland, R. C.; Pyle, R. L.; Toonen, R. J. (2011). New records of commercially valuable black corals (Cnidaria: Antipatharia) from the northwestern Hawaiian Islands at mesophotic depths. Pacific Science, 65(2): 249-255
page(s): 251 [details]
![OpenAccess publication OpenAccess publication](https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia/images/openaccess.png)
basis of record van der Land, J.; Opresko, D.M. (2001). Antipatharia, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 109 (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Britton, J.C. & B. Morton, 1989. Shore ecology of the Gulf of Mexico : i-viii, 1-387.
page(s): 320, 345 [details]
additional source Daly, M.M., Fautin D.G., Cappola V.A., 2003. Systematics of the Hexacorallia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 139 3: 419-437.
page(s): 424-425, 427-428 [details] Available for editors
![PDF available PDF available](https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia/images/pdf_lock.png)
additional source Howson, C.M. & B.E. Picton. (1997). The species directory of the marine fauna and flora of the British Isles and surrounding seas. <em>Ulster Museum Publication, 276. The Ulster Museum: Belfast, UK. ISBN 0-948150-06-8.</em> vi, 508 (+ cd-rom) pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
![PDF available PDF available](https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia/images/pdf_lock.png)
additional source Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). Checklist of marine biota of China seas. <em>China Science Press.</em> 1267 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
![PDF available PDF available](https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia/images/pdf_lock.png)
additional source van Pesch, A. J. 1914. The Antipatharia of the Siboga Expedition.Siboga-Expeditie Monographes. 17: 1-258
page(s): 7, 69, 75 [details]
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additional source Belcik, F. P. (1977). A distribution study of the Octocorallia of Oregon. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 24(1-3): 49-52
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additional source Okey, T. A.; Banks, S.; Born, A. F.; Bustamante, R. H.; Calvopi�a, M.; Edgar, G. J.; Espinoza, E.; Fari�a, J. M.; Garske, L. E.; Reck, G. K.; Salazar, S.; Shepherd, S. A.; Toral-Granda, V.; Wallem, P. (2004). A trophic model of a Gal�pagos subtidal rocky reef for evaluating fisheries and conservation strategies. Ecological Modelling, 172, 383-401
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