WoRMS source details

Zenetos, A.; Gofas, S.; Verlaque, M.; Cinar, M.; Garcia Raso, J.; Bianchi, C.; Morri, C.; Azzurro, E.; Bilecenoglu, M.; Froglia, C.; Siokou, I.; Violanti, D.; Sfriso, A.; San Martin, G.; Giangrande, A.; Katagan, T.; Ballesteros, E.; Ramos-Espla, A.; Mastrototaro, F.; Ocana, O.; Zingone, A.; Gambi, M.; Streftaris, N. (2010). Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea by 2010. A contribution to the application of European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Part I. Spatial distribution. Mediterranean Marine Science. 11(2): 381-493.
155063
10.12681/mms.87 [view]
Zenetos, A.; Gofas, S.; Verlaque, M.; Cinar, M.; Garcia Raso, J.; Bianchi, C.; Morri, C.; Azzurro, E.; Bilecenoglu, M.; Froglia, C.; Siokou, I.; Violanti, D.; Sfriso, A.; San Martin, G.; Giangrande, A.; Katagan, T.; Ballesteros, E.; Ramos-Espla, A.; Mastrototaro, F.; Ocana, O.; Zingone, A.; Gambi, M.; Streftaris, N.
2010
Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea by 2010. A contribution to the application of European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Part I. Spatial distribution
Mediterranean Marine Science
11(2): 381-493
Publication
The state-of-art on alien species in the Mediterranean Sea is presented, making distinctions among the four subregions defined in the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive: (i) the Western Mediterranean Sea (WMED); (ii) the Central Mediterranean Sea (CMED); (iii) the Adriatic Sea (ADRIA); and (iv) the Eastern Mediterranean Sea (EMED). The updated checklist (December 2010) of marine alien species within each subregion, along with their acclimatization status and origin, is provided. A total of 955 alien species is known in the Mediterranean, the vast majority of them having being introduced in the EMED (718), less in the WMED (328) and CMED (267) and least in the Adriatic (171). Of these, 535 species (56%) are established in at least one area. Despite the collective effort of experts who attempted in this work, the number of introduced species remains probably underestimated. Excluding microalgae, for which knowledge is still insufficient, aliens have increased the total species richness of the Mediterranean Sea by 5.9%. This figure should not be directly read as an indication of higher biodiversity, as spreading of so many aliens within the basin is possibly causing biotic homogenization. Thermophilic species, i.e. Indo-Pacific, Indian Ocean, Red Sea, Tropical Atlantic, Tropical Pacific, and circum(sub)tropical, account for 88.4% of the introduced species in the EMED, 72.8% in the CMED, 59.3% in the WMED and 56.1% in the Adriatic. Cold water species, i.e. circumboreal, N Atlantic, and N Pacific, make up a small percentage of the introduced species, ranging between 4.2% and 21.6% and being more numerous in the Adriatic and less so in the EMED. Species that are classified as invasive or potentially invasive are 134 in the whole of the Mediterranean: 108 are present in the EMED, 75 in the CMED, 53 in the Adriatic and 64 in the WMED. The WMED hosts most invasive macrophytes, whereas the EMED has the lion’s share in polychaetes, crustaceans, molluscs and fish.
RIS (EndNote, Reference Manager, ProCite, RefWorks)
BibTex (BibDesk, LaTeX)
Date
action
by
2013-01-12 18:30:12Z
created
db_admin
2015-02-02 01:39:34Z
changed
2015-07-23 11:56:10Z
changed

Acabaria erythraea (Ehrenberg, 1834) accepted as Melithaea erythraea (Ehrenberg, 1834) (additional source)
Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758) (additional source)
Acanthophora nayadiformis (Delile) Papenfuss, 1968 (additional source)
Acanthopleura gemmata (Blainville, 1825) (additional source)
Acanthurus monroviae Steindachner, 1876 (additional source)
Acartia (Acanthacartia) fossae Gurney, 1927 (additional source)
Acartia (Acanthacartia) tonsa Dana, 1849-1852 (additional source)
Acartia (Odontacartia) centrura Giesbrecht, 1889 (additional source)
Acrochaetium codicola Børgesen, 1927 accepted as Colaconema codicola (Børgesen) Stegenga, J.J.Bolton & R.J.Anderson, 1997 (additional source)
Acrochaetium robustum Børgesen, 1915 accepted as Colaconema robustum (Børgesen) Huisman & Woelkerling, 2018 (additional source)
Acrochaetium spathoglossi Børgesen, 1937 (additional source)
Acrochaetium subseriatum Børgesen, 1932 (additional source)
Acrothamnion preissii (Sonder) E.M.Wollaston, 1968 (additional source)
Acrothrix gracilis Kylin, 1907 (additional source)
Acteocina crithodes (Melvill & Standen, 1901) (additional source)
Actumnus globulus Heller, 1860 (additional source)
Aequorea conica Browne, 1905 (additional source)
Aeverrillia setigera (Hincks, 1887) (additional source)
Agardhiella subulata (C.Agardh) Kraft & M.J.Wynne, 1979 (additional source)
Agglutinella compressa El-Nakhal, 1983 (additional source)
Agglutinella robusta El-Nakhal, 1983 (additional source)
Agglutinella soriformis El-Nakhal, 1983 (additional source)
Aglaothamnion feldmanniae Halos, 1965 (additional source)
Ahnfeltiopsis flabelliformis (Harvey) Masuda, 1993 (additional source)
Aidanosagitta neglecta (Aida, 1897) (additional source)
Allolepidapedon fistulariae Yamaguti, 1940 (additional source)
Alpheus audouini Coutière, 1905 accepted as Alpheus edwardsii (Audouin, 1826) (additional source)
Alpheus inopinatus Holthuis & Gottlieb, 1958 (additional source)
Alpheus migrans Lewinsohn & Holthuis, 1978 (additional source)
Alpheus rapacida De Man, 1908 (additional source)
Aluterus monoceros (Linnaeus, 1758) (additional source)
Alvania dorbignyi (Audouin, 1826) (additional source)
Amphibalanus eburneus (Gould, 1841) (additional source)
Amphicorina pectinata (Banse, 1957) (additional source)
Amphiodia (Amphispina) obtecta Mortensen, 1940 (additional source)
Amphioplus (Lymanella) laevis (Lyman, 1874) (additional source)
Amphisorus hemprichii Ehrenberg, 1839 (additional source)
Amphistegina lessonii d'Orbigny in Deshayes, 1830 (additional source)
Amphistegina lobifera Larsen, 1976 (additional source)
Amphistegina madagascariensis d'Orbigny in Fornasini, 1903 accepted as Amphistegina lessonii d'Orbigny in Deshayes, 1830 (additional source)
Amphogona pusilla Hartlaub, 1909 (additional source)
Anadara granosa (Linnaeus, 1758) accepted as Tegillarca granosa (Linnaeus, 1758) (additional source)
Anadara kagoshimensis (Tokunaga, 1906) (additional source)
Anadara natalensis (Krauss, 1848) (additional source)
Anarhichas lupus Linnaeus, 1758 (additional source)
Anguilla japonica Temminck & Schlegel, 1846 (additional source)
Angulus flacca [sic] accepted as Tellina (Angulus) flacca Römer, 1871 accepted as Nitidotellina lux (Hanley, 1844) (additional source)
Anilocra pilchardi Bariche & Trilles, 2006 (additional source)
Anoplodactylus californicus Hall, 1912 (additional source)
Anoplodactylus digitatus (Böhm, 1879) (additional source)
Anotrichium okamurae Baldock, 1976 accepted as Anotrichium furcellatum (J.Agardh) Baldock, 1976 (additional source)
Antigona lamellaris Schumacher, 1817 (additional source)
Antithamnion amphigeneum A.Millar, 1990 (additional source)
Antithamnion hubbsii E.Y.Dawson, 1962 (additional source)
Antithamnionella boergesenii (Cormaci & G.Furnari) Athanasiadis, 1996 (additional source)
Antithamnionella elegans (Berthold) J.H.Price & D.M.John, 1986 (additional source)
Antithamnionella spirographidis (Schiffner) E.M.Wollaston, 1968 (additional source)
Antithamnionella sublittoralis (Setchell & N.L.Gardner) Athanasiadis, 1996 (additional source)
Antithamnionella ternifolia (Hooker f. & Harvey) Lyle, 1922 (additional source)
Apanthura sandalensis Stebbing, 1900 (additional source)
Apionsoma (Apionsoma) misakianum (Ikeda, 1904) (additional source)
Apionsoma trichocephalus Sluiter, 1902 represented as Apionsoma (Apionsoma) trichocephalus Sluiter, 1902 (additional source)
Apoglossum gregarium (E.Y.Dawson) M.J.Wynne, 1985 accepted as Phrix spatulata (E.Y.Dawson) M.J.Wynne, M.Kamiya & J.A.West, 2018 (additional source)
Apogon fasciatus (White, 1790) accepted as Ostorhinchus fasciatus (White, 1790) (additional source)
Apoprionospio pygmaea (Hartman, 1961) (additional source)
Aquilonastra burtoni (Gray, 1840) (additional source)
Arachnoidea protecta Harmer, 1915 accepted as Arachnoidella protecta Harmer, 1915 (additional source)
Arctapodema australis (Vanhöffen, 1912) (additional source)
Arietellus pavoninus Sars G.O., 1905 (additional source)
Arius parkii Günther, 1864 accepted as Carlarius parkii (Günther, 1864) (additional source)
Articulina alticostata Cushman, 1944 (additional source)
Ascidia cannelata Oken, 1820 (additional source)
Ashtoret lunaris (Forskål, 1775) (additional source)
Asparagopsis armata Harvey, 1855 (additional source)
Asparagopsis taxiformis (Delile) Trevisan de Saint-Léon, 1845 (additional source)
Aspidosiphon (Akrikos) mexicanus (Murina, 1967) (additional source)
Aspidosiphon (Aspidosiphon) elegans (Chamisso & Eysenhardt, 1821) (additional source)
Astacolus insolitus (Schwager, 1866) (additional source)
Astacolus sublegumen (Parr, 1950) accepted as Vaginulinopsis sublegumen Parr, 1950 (additional source)
Asterias rubens Linnaeus, 1758 (additional source)
Atactodea glabrata (Gmelin, 1791) accepted as Atactodea striata (Gmelin, 1791) (additional source)
Atergatis roseus (Rüppell, 1830) (additional source)
Atys cylindricus (Helbling, 1779) accepted as Aliculastrum cylindricum (Helbling, 1779) (additional source)
Austrominius modestus (Darwin, 1854) (additional source)
Balanus reticulatus Utinomi, 1967 accepted as Amphibalanus reticulatus (Utinomi, 1967) (additional source)
Balanus trigonus Darwin, 1854 (additional source)
Bemlos leptocheirus (Walker, 1909) (additional source)
Beroe ovatus Bruguière, 1789 accepted as Beroe ovata Bruguière, 1789 (additional source)
Beryx splendens Lowe, 1834 (additional source)
Bonamia ostreae Pichot, Comps, Tigé, Grizel & Rabouin, 1980 (additional source)
Bonnemaisonia hamifera Hariot, 1891 (additional source)
Bostrycapulus odites Collin, 2005 (additional source)
Botrylloides violaceus Oka, 1927 (additional source)
Botryocladia madagascariensis G.Feldmann, 1945 (additional source)
Bougainvillia niobe Mayer, 1894 (additional source)
Bowerbankia gracillima (Hincks, 1877) accepted as Amathia gracillima (Hincks, 1877) (additional source)
Branchiomma bairdi (McIntosh, 1885) (additional source)
Branchiomma boholensis [auct.] accepted as Branchiomma boholense (Grube, 1878) (additional source)
Branchiomma luctuosum (Grube, 1870) (additional source)
Brizalina simpsoni (Heron-Allen & Earland, 1915) accepted as Bolivina simpsoni Heron-Allen & Earland, 1915 (additional source)
 Introduced species remark

Spirobranchus tetraceros is a not a single circumtropical species (as per claim in Zenetos et al. 2010), but ... [details]