Turbellarians - Gyratrix hermaphroditus Ehrenberg, 1831

Turbellarians taxon details

Gyratrix hermaphroditus Ehrenberg, 1831

AphiaID

143184 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:143184)

Classification

Status

accepted

Rank

Species

Type taxon of

Gyratrix Ehrenberg, 1831

Parent

Gyratrix Ehrenberg, 1831

Original name

Gyratrix hermaphroditus Ehrenberg, 1831

Synonymised names

Derostoma notops Dugès, 1828 · unaccepted

Gyrator banaticus (Graff, 1875) Jensen, 1878 · unaccepted

Gyrator furiosus (Schmidt, 1858) Diesing, 1862 · unaccepted

Gyrator hermaphroditus (Ehrenberg, 1831) Ehrenberg, 1835 · unaccepted

Gyrator notops (Duges, 1828) Hallez, 1894 · unaccepted

Gyratrix albus Silliman, 1884 · unaccepted

Gyratrix arenarius Evdonin, 1971 · unaccepted

Gyratrix hermaphrodita · unaccepted (Wrong emendation of gender by...)

Wrong emendation of gender by Bresslau (1906; pp. 415 & 417)

Gyratrix notops · unaccepted (This combination is wrongly...)

This combination is wrongly mentioned by Artois (2001) in the list of synonyms of Gyratrix hermaphroditus. It is the only literature source where it occurs. Hallez (1900) uses Gyrator notops, not Gyratrix notops.

Prostoma lineare Schmidt, 1848 · unaccepted (Synonym)

Prostoma lineare Örsted, 1843 · unaccepted (Synonym)

Prostomum banaticum Graff, 1875 · unaccepted

Prostomum furiosum Schmidt, 1858 · unaccepted

Prostomum lineare (Örsted, 1843) Schultze, 1851 · unaccepted

Turbella notops (Dugès, 1828) Diesing, 1862 · unaccepted

Direct children (3)

Ordering

Alphabetically
By status

Children Display

direct main ranks all

Subspecies Gyratrix hermaphroditus coeca Graff, 1882
Subspecies Gyratrix hermaphroditus hermaphroditus Ehrenberg, 1831
Subspecies Gyratrix hermaphroditus maculata Graff, 1911

Environment

marine, brackish, fresh, ~~terrestrial~~

Fossil range

recent only

Original description

Ehrenberg, C. G. (1831). Phytozoa Turbellaria africana et asiatica. In: Symbolae physicae (Hemprich F.W. & Ehrenberg C.G., Eds.). Animalia evertebrata exclusis insectis recensuit Dr. CG Ehrenberg. Series prima cum tabularum decade prima. Berolini.
page(s): fol. c [details]

Descriptive notes

Distribution Cosmopolitan, in all types of aquatic habitats.

Distribution Cosmopolitan, in all types of aquatic habitats. [details]

Taxonomic remark Species complex.

Taxonomic remark Species complex. [details]

Taxonomic citation

Tyler, S., Artois, T.; Schilling, S.; Hooge, M.; Bush, L.F. (eds) (2006-2024). World List of turbellarian worms: Acoelomorpha, Catenulida, Rhabditophora. Gyratrix hermaphroditus Ehrenberg, 1831. Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/turbellarians/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=143184 on 2026-02-09

Taxonomic edit history

Date

action

2004-12-21 15:54:05Z

created

Faubel, Anno

2015-08-25 07:27:39Z

changed

Artois, Tom

2019-03-10 21:07:30Z

changed

Artois, Tom

2021-07-23 08:24:31Z

changed

Artois, Tom

[taxonomic tree]

[clear cache]

original description Ehrenberg, C. G. (1831). Phytozoa Turbellaria africana et asiatica. In: Symbolae physicae (Hemprich F.W. & Ehrenberg C.G., Eds.). Animalia evertebrata exclusis insectis recensuit Dr. CG Ehrenberg. Series prima cum tabularum decade prima. Berolini.
page(s): fol. c [details]

original description (of Derostoma notops Dugès, 1828) Dugès, A. (1828). Recherches sur l'organisation et les moeurs des Planariées. Annales des Sciences Naturelles. 15: 139–187. Plates 4–5., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6011487 [details]

original description (of Prostoma lineare Schmidt, 1848) Schmidt, Eduard Oscar. (1848). Neue Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte der Würmer gesammelt auf einer Reise nach den Färör im Frühjahr 1848 [New contributions to the natural history of worms collected on a journey to the Faerör in the spring of 1848]. [Booklet]. 44 pp., plates I-III, Druck und Verlag von Friedrich Maue, Jena., available online at https://books.google.com/books?id=0as-AAAAcAAJ [details]

original description (of Prostomum furiosum Schmidt, 1858) Schmidt, O. (1858). Die Rhabdocoelen Strudelwürmer aus den Umgebungen von Krakau. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe. 15: 20-46, tab 1-3. [details]

original description (of Gyratrix albus Silliman, 1884) Silliman, W. A. (1884). Beobachtungen über die Süsswasserturbellarien Nordamerikas. Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Zoologie. 41: 48-76, t. 3-4. [details]

original description (of Gyratrix arenarius Evdonin, 1971) Evdonin, L. A. (1971). The interstitial Kalyptorhynchia (Turbellaria, Neorhabdocoela) from the Bay of Great Peter of the Sea of Japan. [In Russian]. Akad. Nauk SSSR Issled. Fauny Morei, 8(16):55-71 [details] Available for editors

original description (of Prostomum banaticum Graff, 1875) Graff, L. von. (1875). Neue Mittheilungen über Turbellarien. Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Zoologie. 25: 408-424. Plates 27–28. [details]

context source (Bermuda) Karling, T. G. (1978). Anatomy and systematics of marine Turbellaria from Bermuda. Zoologica Scripta. 7:225-248. [details] Available for editors

basis of record Faubel, A.; Noreña, C. (2001). Turbellaria, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 123-136 (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors

additional source Evdonin, L. A. (1970). The proboscis apparatus in the family Polycystidae (Turbellaria, Neorhabdocoela, Kalyptorhynchia). In: "Studies in the evolutionary morphology of invertebrates". Ed. A.V. Ivanov. State University Leningrad. 5–53. [details] Available for editors

additional source Karling, T. G. (1963). Die Turbellarien ostfennoskandiens. V. Neorhabdocoela. 3. Kalyptorhynchia. Fauna Fenica. 17: 5-59. [details] Available for editors

additional source Schockaert, E.R. (1982). Turbellaria from Somalia 2. Kalyptorhynchia (part 2). Monitore Zoologico Italiano. 18: 81–96. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors

additional source Artois, T. J.; Tessens, B. S. (2008). Polycystididae (Rhabditophora: Rhabdocoela: Kalyptorhynchia) from the Indian Ocean, with the description of twelve new species. Zootaxa. 1849: 1-27. [details] Available for editors

additional source Ax, P. (2008). Plathelminthes aus Brackgewässern der Nordhalbkugel. Akademie der Wissenschaft und der Literatur Mainz, Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart, 696 pp. [details]

additional source Graff, L. von. (1913). Turbellaria II. Rhabdocoelida. [Das Tierreich, Eine Zusammenstellung und Kennzeichnung der rezenten Tierformen Heft 35/1913]. Berlin, Verlag von R. Friedländer und Sohn, Ausgegeben im Juni 1913., 484 pages. [reprinted 1966, Verlag Von J. Cramer W], available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/883047 [details]

additional source Schilke, K. (1970). Zur Morphologie und Phylogenie der Schizorhynchia (Turbellaria, Kalyptorhynchia). Zeitschrift für Morphologie der Tiere. 67(2): 118-171., available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00283198 [details] Available for editors

additional source Willems, W. R.; Reygel, P.; Steenkiste, N. V.; Tessens, B.; Artois, T. J. (2017). Kalyptorhynchia (Platyhelminthes: Rhabdocoela) from KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), with the description of six new species. Zootaxa. 4242(3): 441–466., available online at https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4242.3.2 [details] Available for editors

additional source Van Steenkiste, N. W. L.; Leander, B. S. (2018). Species diversity of eukalyptorhynch flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Rhabdocoela) from the coastal margin of British Columbia: Polycystididae, Koinocystididae and Gnathorhynchidae. Marine Biology Research. 14(9-10): 899-923., available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2019.1575514 [details] Available for editors

additional source Timoshkin O.A., Naumova T.B., Novikova O.A. (2001). Ciliated worms (Plathelminthes: Turbellaria). In: Index of animal species inhabiting Lake Baikal and its catchment area: In 2 vols . Novosibirsk, Nauka, 2010–2011, Vol. 1: Lake Baikal. II (4): 196–227. [details] Available for editors

additional source Diez, Y. L.; Schmidt-Rhaesa, A. (2024). Little neighbours in Hamburg: free-living aquatic flatworms (Platyhelminthes). Evolutionary Systematics. 8(2): 279-310., available online at https://doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.8.139468 [details] Available for editors

additional source Schockaert, E. R.; Jouk, P. E. H.; Martens, P. M. (1989). Free-living Plathelminthes from the Belgian coast and adjacent areas. In: Wouters, K.; Baert, L. (Ed.) (1989). Proceedings of the Symposium Invertebrates of Belgium. pp. 19-25. (look up in IMIS) [details]

ecology source Korgina, E. M. (1982). Динамика численности турбеллярий в пруду (Dynamics of the numbers of turbellarians in a pond). Биология внутренних вод (Biology of inland waters). 54: 26–29. [details] Available for editors

ecology source Korgina, E. M. (1986). Состав и численность турбеллярий прибрежной зоны рыбинского водохранилища. (Composition and abundance of turbellarians in the coastal zone of the Rybinsk reservoir). Биология внутренних вод (Biology of inland waters). 70: 32–37. [details] Available for editors

ecology source Korgina, E. M. (1989). Фауна турбеллярий водоемов бассейна верхней Волги (Turbellarian fauna of reservoirs of the upper Volga basin). Биология, систематика и функциональная морфология пресноводных животных (Biology, systematics, and functional morphology of freshwater animals). 56 (59): 3–17. [details] Available for editors

biology source Tessens, B.; Monnens, M.; Backeljau, T.; Gijbels, M.; Artois, T. (2025). A tool for feeding and mating: The Swiss Army stylet of Gyratrix hermaphroditus. Invertebrate Biology. 144(2)., available online at https://doi.org/10.71161/ivb.144.2.2024.00017 [details] Available for editors

basis of record (of Gyrator hermaphroditus (Ehrenberg, 1831) Ehrenberg, 1835) Tom Artois; Ernest Schockaert. (2005-2017). World database of Proseriata and Kalyptorhynchia. (look up in IMIS) [details]

basis of record (of Derostoma notops Dugès, 1828) Tom Artois; Ernest Schockaert. (2005-2017). World database of Proseriata and Kalyptorhynchia. (look up in IMIS) [details]

basis of record (of Prostoma lineare Örsted, 1843) Tom Artois; Ernest Schockaert. (2005-2017). World database of Proseriata and Kalyptorhynchia. (look up in IMIS) [details]

basis of record (of Prostoma lineare Schmidt, 1848) Tom Artois; Ernest Schockaert. (2005-2017). World database of Proseriata and Kalyptorhynchia. (look up in IMIS) [details]

basis of record (of Prostomum lineare (Örsted, 1843) Schultze, 1851) Tom Artois; Ernest Schockaert. (2005-2017). World database of Proseriata and Kalyptorhynchia. (look up in IMIS) [details]

basis of record (of Prostomum furiosum Schmidt, 1858) Tom Artois; Ernest Schockaert. (2005-2017). World database of Proseriata and Kalyptorhynchia. (look up in IMIS) [details]

basis of record (of Gyrator furiosus (Schmidt, 1858) Diesing, 1862) Tom Artois; Ernest Schockaert. (2005-2017). World database of Proseriata and Kalyptorhynchia. (look up in IMIS) [details]

basis of record (of Gyrator notops (Duges, 1828) Hallez, 1894) Tom Artois; Ernest Schockaert. (2005-2017). World database of Proseriata and Kalyptorhynchia. (look up in IMIS) [details]

basis of record (of Gyratrix albus Silliman, 1884) Tom Artois; Ernest Schockaert. (2005-2017). World database of Proseriata and Kalyptorhynchia. (look up in IMIS) [details]

basis of record (of Gyratrix arenarius Evdonin, 1971) Tom Artois; Ernest Schockaert. (2005-2017). World database of Proseriata and Kalyptorhynchia. (look up in IMIS) [details]

basis of record (of Prostomum banaticum Graff, 1875) Tom Artois; Ernest Schockaert. (2005-2017). World database of Proseriata and Kalyptorhynchia. (look up in IMIS) [details]

basis of record (of Turbella notops (Dugès, 1828) Diesing, 1862) Tom Artois; Ernest Schockaert. (2005-2017). World database of Proseriata and Kalyptorhynchia. (look up in IMIS) [details]

basis of record (of Gyratrix notops) Tom Artois; Ernest Schockaert. (2005-2017). World database of Proseriata and Kalyptorhynchia. (look up in IMIS) [details]

additional source (of Gyratrix notops) Artois, T. (2001). Cladistic analysis of the Polycystididae (Platyhelminthes Kalyptorhynchia), with application of phylogenetic nomenclature. PhD Thesis. Limburgs Universitair Centrum: Diepenbeek. [1: Text, 2: Figures] pp. (look up in IMIS)
page(s): 78 [details]

additional source (of Gyrator notops (Duges, 1828) Hallez, 1894) Hallez, P. (1900). Chapitre XVI. Rhabdocoeles. Le Gyrator notops Dugès. In: Doine, O. (Ed.). Zoologie Descriptive. Anatomie - Histologie et dissection des formes typiques d' invertébrés. Tome I. Paris. P. 449–483. [details]

additional source (of Gyrator hermaphroditus (Ehrenberg, 1831) Ehrenberg, 1835) Bohmig, L. (1898). Die Turbellarien Ost-Afrikas. In: Möbius K. (Ed.) Deutsch-Ost-Afrika, Band 4 (Die Thierwelt Ost-Afrikas und der Nachbargebiete, Wirbellose Thiere). 4(14):3-15, 1 plate. Berlin. [1898].
page(s): 9–10 [details]

source of synonymy (of Derostoma notops Dugès, 1828) Graff, L., von. (1882). Monographie der Turbellarien 1. Rhabdocoelida. [Book]. 1-442, Verlag Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig., available online at https://books.google.com/books/about/Monographie_der_Turbellarien.html?id=LT0hAQAAMAAJ [details]

source of synonymy (of Gyrator furiosus (Schmidt, 1858) Diesing, 1862) Graff, L., von. (1882). Monographie der Turbellarien 1. Rhabdocoelida. [Book]. 1-442, Verlag Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig., available online at https://books.google.com/books/about/Monographie_der_Turbellarien.html?id=LT0hAQAAMAAJ [details]

source of synonymy (of Prostomum furiosum Schmidt, 1858) Graff, L., von. (1882). Monographie der Turbellarien 1. Rhabdocoelida. [Book]. 1-442, Verlag Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig., available online at https://books.google.com/books/about/Monographie_der_Turbellarien.html?id=LT0hAQAAMAAJ [details]

source of synonymy (of Gyratrix albus Silliman, 1884) Graff, L. von. (1913). Turbellaria II. Rhabdocoelida. [Das Tierreich, Eine Zusammenstellung und Kennzeichnung der rezenten Tierformen Heft 35/1913]. Berlin, Verlag von R. Friedländer und Sohn, Ausgegeben im Juni 1913., 484 pages. [reprinted 1966, Verlag Von J. Cramer W], available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/883047 [details]

source of synonymy (of Prostomum banaticum Graff, 1875) Graff, L., von. (1882). Monographie der Turbellarien 1. Rhabdocoelida. [Book]. 1-442, Verlag Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig., available online at https://books.google.com/books/about/Monographie_der_Turbellarien.html?id=LT0hAQAAMAAJ [details]

source of synonymy (of Gyratrix arenarius Evdonin, 1971) Karling, T. G.; Schockaert, E. R. (1977). Anatomy and systematics of some Polycystididae (Turbellaria, Kalyptorhynchia) from the Pacific and S. Atlantic. Zoologica Scripta. 6: 5-19.
page(s): 5 [details] Available for editors

source of synonymy (of Turbella notops (Dugès, 1828) Diesing, 1862) Graff, L., von. (1882). Monographie der Turbellarien 1. Rhabdocoelida. [Book]. 1-442, Verlag Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig., available online at https://books.google.com/books/about/Monographie_der_Turbellarien.html?id=LT0hAQAAMAAJ [details]

new combination reference (of Gyrator banaticus (Graff, 1875) Jensen, 1878) Jensen, O. S. (1878). Turbellaria ad litora Norvegiae occidentalia. Turbellarier ved Norges Vestkyst. J W Eided Bogtrykkeri, Bergen. 97 pp., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1582487 [details]

new combination reference (of Prostomum lineare (Örsted, 1843) Schultze, 1851) Schultze, M. (1851). Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte der Turbellarien. Greifswald. 78 pp, 7 plates., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9703563 [details]

new combination reference (of Gyrator furiosus (Schmidt, 1858) Diesing, 1862) Diesing K.M. (1862). Revision der Turbellarien. Abteilung: Rhabdocoelen. Sitzungsberichte der mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. 45: 191–318., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2010837 [details]

new combination reference (of Gyrator notops (Duges, 1828) Hallez, 1894) Hallez, P. (1894). Catalogue des Rhabdocoelides, Triclades & Polyclades du Nord de la France. 2e Édition. Imprimerie L. Danel. Lille. 239 pp, 2 plates. [details]

new combination reference (of Gyrator hermaphroditus (Ehrenberg, 1831) Ehrenberg, 1835) Ehrenberg, C. G. (1837). Zusätze zur Erkenntniss grosser organischer Ausbildung in den kleinsten thierischen Organismen. Abhandlungen der königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin (für 1835), 151-180, pl.1 [details] Available for editors