WoRMS taxon details
Pennatuloidea Ehrenberg, 1834
Pennatulacea · unaccepted > superseded rank
Sessiliflorae · unaccepted > superseded rank
Subselliflorae · unaccepted > superseded rank
- Family Anthoptilidae Kölliker, 1880
- Family Balticinidae Balss, 1910
- Family Chunellidae Kükenthal, 1902
- Family Echinoptilidae Hubrecht, 1885
- Family Funiculinidae Gray, 1870
- Family Gyrophyllidae López-González,Drewery & Williams, 2022
- Family Kophobelemnidae Gray, 1860
- Family Pennatulidae Ehrenberg, 1834
- Family Protoptilidae Kölliker, 1872
- Family Pseudumbellulidae López-González in López-González & Drewery, 2022
- Family Renillidae Gray, 1870
- Family Scleroptilidae Jungersen, 1904
- Family Stachyptilidae Kölliker, 1880
- Family Umbellulidae Lindahl, 1874 (1840)
- Family Veretillidae Herklots, 1858
- Family Virgulariidae Verrill, 1868
- Family Halipteridae Williams, 1995 accepted as Balticinidae Balss, 1910 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- Family Ombellulidae Williams, 1995 accepted as Umbellulidae Lindahl, 1874 (1840) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- Family Umbellulidae Kölliker, 1880 accepted as Umbellulidae Lindahl, 1874 (1840) (unaccepted > misspelling - incorrect subsequent spelling, incorrect authority)
- Family Kophobelemnonidae Gray, 1860 represented as Kophobelemnidae Gray, 1860
marine, fresh, terrestrial
Ehrenberg, C. G. (1834). Beiträge zur physiologischen Kenntniss der Corallenthiere im allgemeinen, und besonders des rothen Meeres, nebst einem Versuche zur physiologischen Systematik derselben. <em>Abhandlungen der Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Berlin.</em> 1: 225-380., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29725862
page(s): 287 [details]
page(s): 287 [details]
McFadden, C.S.; Cordeiro, R.; Samimi-Namin, K.; Williams, G.; van Ofwegen, L. (2025). World List of Octocorallia. Pennatuloidea Ehrenberg, 1834. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1609360 on 2025-07-14
The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution 4.0 License
Nomenclature
original description
Ehrenberg, C. G. (1834). Beiträge zur physiologischen Kenntniss der Corallenthiere im allgemeinen, und besonders des rothen Meeres, nebst einem Versuche zur physiologischen Systematik derselben. <em>Abhandlungen der Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Berlin.</em> 1: 225-380., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29725862
page(s): 287 [details]
page(s): 287 [details]
Taxonomy
status source
McFadden, C.S.; van Ofwegen, L.P.; Quattrini, A.M. (2022). Revisionary systematics of Octocorallia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) guided by phylogenomics. <em>Bulletin of the Society of Systematic Biologists.</em> 1(3), 8735, pp. 1-79., available online at https://ssbbulletin.org/index.php/bssb/article/view/8735
page(s): 22 [details]
page(s): 22 [details]
Identification resource
identification resource
Williams, G.; Tracey, D.; Mackay, E. (2014). PENNATULACEA (SEA PENS) DESCRIPTIONS FOR THE NEW ZEALAND REGION. A field guide of commonly sampled New Zealand sea pens including illustrations highlighting technical terms and sea pen morphology. <em>New Zealand Aquatic Environment and Biodiversity Report.</em> No. 132. 22 p., available online at https://www.mpi.govt.nz/dmsdocument/4376-aebr-132-pennatulaces-sea-pens-descriptions-for-the-new-zealand-region
note: Guide to NZ fauna: covering the following taxa: Echinoptilum spp. Kophobelemnon stelliferum Anthoptilum grandiflorum Anthoptilum gowlettholmesae Funiculina quadrangularis Distichoptilum grac...
[details] Available for editors 
[request]
note: Guide to NZ fauna: covering the following taxa: Echinoptilum spp. Kophobelemnon stelliferum Anthoptilum grandiflorum Anthoptilum gowlettholmesae Funiculina quadrangularis Distichoptilum grac...
Guide to NZ fauna: covering the following taxa:
Echinoptilum spp.
Kophobelemnon stelliferum
Anthoptilum grandiflorum
Anthoptilum gowlettholmesae
Funiculina quadrangularis
Distichoptilum gracile
Protoptilum spp.
Umbellula spp.
Halipteris cf. willemoesi
Stylatula austropacifica
Acanthoptilum longifolium
Pennatula phosphorea
Pennatula spp.
Gyrophyllum sibogae
Pteroeides spp.
[request]Other
additional source
ICZN. (1999). Article 36. Principle of Coordination. <em>International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature.</em> London, UK. 306 pp., available online at https://code.iczn.org/family-group-nominal-taxa-and-their-names/article-36-principle-of-coordination/?frame=1 [details]
| Language | Name | |
|---|---|---|
| Dutch | zeepennen [from synonym] | [details] |
| English | sea pens [from synonym] | [details] |
| Japanese | 定座／ウミサボテン亜目 [from synonym]半座／ウミエラ亜目 [from synonym]ウミエラ目 [from synonym] | [details] |
| Swedish | sjöpennor [from synonym] | [details] |
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL) (from synonym Pennatulacea)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Pennatuloidea)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Sessiliflorae) (from synonym Sessiliflorae)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Subselliflorae) (from synonym Subselliflorae)
To Genbank (from synonym Sessiliflorae)
To Genbank
To Genbank (from synonym Pennatulacea)
To Genbank (from synonym Subselliflorae)
To The Arctic Traits Database (2 traits) (from synonym Subselliflorae)
To The Arctic Traits Database (2 traits) (from synonym Pennatulacea)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Pennatuloidea)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Sessiliflorae) (from synonym Sessiliflorae)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Subselliflorae) (from synonym Subselliflorae)
To Genbank (from synonym Sessiliflorae)
To Genbank
To Genbank (from synonym Pennatulacea)
To Genbank (from synonym Subselliflorae)
To The Arctic Traits Database (2 traits) (from synonym Subselliflorae)
To The Arctic Traits Database (2 traits) (from synonym Pennatulacea)
