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Generation of super-resolution gap-free ocean colour satellite products using data-interpolating empirical orthogonal functions (DINEOF)
Alvera-Azcárate, A.; Van der Zande, D.; Barth, A.; Dille, A.; Massant, J.; Beckers, J.-M. (2025). Generation of super-resolution gap-free ocean colour satellite products using data-interpolating empirical orthogonal functions (DINEOF). Ocean Sci. 21(2): 787-805. https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-21-787-2025
In: Ocean Science. Copernicus: Göttingen. ISSN 1812-0784; e-ISSN 1812-0792
Peer reviewed article  
Available in  Authors 
Keyword
    Marine/Coastal
Authors  Top 
  • Alvera-Azcárate, A.
  • Van der Zande, D.
  • Barth, A.
  • Dille, A.
  • Massant, J.
  • Beckers, J.-M.
Abstract
    In this work we present a super-resolution approach for deriving high-spatial-resolution and high-temporal-resolution ocean colour satellite datasets. The technique is based on DINEOF (data-interpolating empirical orthogonal functions), a data-driven method that uses the spatio-temporal coherence of analysed datasets to infer missing information. DINEOF is used here to effectively increase the spatial resolution of satellite data and is applied to a combination of Sentinel-2 and Sentinel-3 datasets. The results show that DINEOF is able to infer the spatial variability observed in the Sentinel-2 data to the Sentinel-3 data while reconstructing missing information due to clouds and reducing the amount of noise in the initial dataset. In order to achieve this, the Sentinel-2 and Sentinel-3 datasets have undergone the same pre-processing, including a comprehensive, region-independent, and pixel-based automatic switching scheme for choosing the most appropriate atmospheric correction and ocean colour algorithm to derive in-water products. The super-resolution DINEOF has been applied to two different variables (turbidity and chlorophyll) and two different domains (Belgian coastal zone and the whole of the North Sea), and the sub-mesoscale variability of the turbidity along the Belgian coastal zone has been studied.
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