Hydrozoa taxon details
Stylaster Gray, 1831
117246 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:117246)
accepted
Genus
Allopora Ehrenberg, 1834 · unaccepted
Allopora (Stylaster) Gray, 1831 · unaccepted (synonym)
Cryptaxiella Kuhn, 1939 † · unaccepted
Cryptaxis Reuss, 1865 † · unaccepted (synonymy)
Cyclopora Verrill, 1866 · unaccepted
Deontopora Hall, 1893 † · unaccepted (synonymy)
Stylaster (Allopora) Ehrenberg, 1834 · unaccepted (synonymy)
Stylaster (Eustylaster) Broch, 1914 · unaccepted (synonymy)
Stylaster (Stylaster) Gray, 1831 · unaccepted (synonymy)
- Species Stylaster alaskanus Fisher, 1938
- Species Stylaster amphiheloides Saville Kent, 1871
- Species Stylaster antillarum Zibrowius & Cairns, 1982
- Species Stylaster antiquus Sismonda, 1871 †
- Species Stylaster arborescens (Nielsen, 1919) †
- Species Stylaster asper Saville Kent, 1871
- Species Stylaster atlanticus Broch, 1936
- Species Stylaster aurantiacus Cairns, 1986
- Species Stylaster bellus (Dana, 1848)
- Species Stylaster biflabellum Cairns, 2015
- Species Stylaster bilobatus Hickson & England, 1909
- Forma Stylaster bilobatus f. alba Hickson & England, 1905 accepted as Stylaster bilobatus Hickson & England, 1909 (synonymy)
- Species Stylaster bithalamus Broch, 1936
- Species Stylaster blatteus (Boschma, 1961)
- Species Stylaster bocki Broch, 1936
- Species Stylaster boreopacificus Broch, 1932
- Species Stylaster boschmai (Eguchi, 1965)
- Species Stylaster brochi (Fisher, 1938)
- Species Stylaster brunneus Boschma, 1970
- Species Stylaster californicus (Verrill, 1866)
- Species Stylaster campylecus (Fisher, 1938)
- Subspecies Stylaster campylecus campylecus (Fisher, 1938) accepted as Stylaster campylecus (Fisher, 1938) (elevated to species rank)
- Subspecies Stylaster campylecus parageus (Fisher, 1938) accepted as Stylaster parageus (Fisher, 1938) (changed combination)
- Subspecies Stylaster campylecus trachystomus (Fisher, 1938) accepted as Stylaster trachystomus (Fisher, 1938) (raised to species rank)
- Subspecies Stylaster campylecus tylotus (Fisher, 1938) accepted as Stylaster campylecus (Fisher, 1938)
- Species Stylaster carinatus Broch, 1936
- Species Stylaster chibaensis Eguchi, 1954 †
- Species Stylaster cocosensis Cairns, 1991
- Species Stylaster complanatus Pourtalès, 1867
- Species Stylaster compressus (Römer, 1863) †
- Species Stylaster corallium Cairns, 1986
- Species Stylaster crassior Broch, 1936
- Species Stylaster crassiseptum Cairns & Lindner, 2011
- Species Stylaster crassus (Nielsen, 1919) †
- Species Stylaster cretaceous Jell, Cook & Jell, 2011 †
- Species Stylaster densicaulis Moseley, 1879
- Species Stylaster dentatus Broch, 1936
- Species Stylaster diastemata Cairns, 2015
- Species Stylaster digitiformis Cairns, 2020 †
- Species Stylaster divergens Marenzeller, 1904
- Species Stylaster duchassaingi Pourtalès, 1867
- Species Stylaster eguchii (Boschma, 1966)
- Species Stylaster elassotomus Fisher, 1938
- Species Stylaster erubescens Pourtalès, 1868
- Subspecies Stylaster erubescens britannicus Zibrowius & Cairns, 1992
- Subspecies Stylaster erubescens erubescens Pourtalès, 1868
- Subspecies Stylaster erubescens groenlandicus Zibrowius & Cairns, 1992
- Subspecies Stylaster erubescens meteorensis Zibrowius & Cairns, 1992
- Subspecies Stylaster erubescens meterorensis Zibrowius & Cairns, 1992 accepted as Stylaster erubescens meteorensis Zibrowius & Cairns, 1992 (unaccepted > misspelling)
- Species Stylaster filogranus Pourtalès, 1871
- Species Stylaster flabelliformis (Lamarck, 1816)
- Species Stylaster fundatus Cairns, 2015
- Species Stylaster galapagensis Cairns, 1986
- Species Stylaster gemmascens (Esper, 1790)
- Subspecies Stylaster gemmascens alaskanus Fisher, 1938 accepted as Stylaster alaskanus Fisher, 1938 (synonym)
- Species Stylaster gigas Cairns & Grant-Mackie, 1993 †
- Species Stylaster gracilis Milne Edwards & Haime, 1850
- Species Stylaster granulosus Milne Edwards & Haime, 1850
- Species Stylaster griggi Cairns, 2005
- Species Stylaster griseus Cairns & Zibrowius, 2013
- Species Stylaster hattorii (Eguchi, 1968)
- Species Stylaster horologium Cairns, 1991
- Species Stylaster ibericus Zibrowius & Cairns, 1992
- Species Stylaster imbricatus Cairns, 1991
- Species Stylaster incompletus (Tenison-Woods, 1883)
- Species Stylaster incrassatus Broch, 1936
- Species Stylaster infundibuliferus Cairns, 2005
- Species Stylaster infundibuliferus (Lamarck, 1816)
- Species Stylaster inornatus Cairns, 1986
- Species Stylaster kenti Cairns & Zibrowius, 2013
- Species Stylaster laevigatus Cairns, 1986
- Species Stylaster leptostylus (Fisher, 1938)
- Species Stylaster lindneri Cairns, 2015
- Species Stylaster lonchitis Broch, 1947
- Species Stylaster malpeloensis Lizcano-Sandoval & Cairns, 2018
- Species Stylaster marenzelleri Cairns, 1986
- Species Stylaster maroccanus Zibrowius & Cairns, 1992
- Species Stylaster marshae Cairns, 1988
- Species Stylaster microstriatus Broch, 1936
- Species Stylaster miniatus (Pourtalès, 1868)
- Species Stylaster mooraboolensis (Hall, 1893) †
- Species Stylaster multicavus Cairns, 2020 †
- Species Stylaster multiplex Hickson & England, 1905
- Species Stylaster nobilis (Saville Kent, 1871)
- Species Stylaster norvegicus (Gunnerus, 1768)
- Forma Stylaster norvegicus f. atlanticus Broch, 1936 accepted as Stylaster norvegicus (Gunnerus, 1768) (synonymy)
- Forma Stylaster norvegicus f. pacificus Broch, 1936 accepted as Stylaster verrillii (Dall, 1884) (synonymy)
- Species Stylaster obtusus Cairns, 2015
- Species Stylaster omanensis Cairns & Samimi-Namin, 2015
- Species Stylaster papuensis Zibrowius, 1981
- Species Stylaster parageus (Fisher, 1938)
- Species Stylaster polymorphus (Broch, 1936)
- Species Stylaster polystomos Cairns, 2015
- Species Stylaster priscus Reuss, 1872 †
- Species Stylaster profundiporus Broch, 1936
- Forma Stylaster profundiporus f. crassicaulis Broch, 1936 accepted as Stylaster profundiporus Broch, 1936 (synonymy)
- Species Stylaster profundus (Moseley, 1879)
- Species Stylaster pulcher Quelch, 1884
- Species Stylaster purpuratus (Naumov, 1960)
- Species Stylaster ramosus Broch, 1947
- Species Stylaster repandus Cairns & Lindner, 2011
- Species Stylaster robustus (Cairns, 1983)
- Species Stylaster rosaceus (Greeff, 1886)
- Species Stylaster roseus (Pallas, 1766)
- Species Stylaster sanguineus Milne Edwards & Haime, 1850
- Species Stylaster scabiosus Broch, 1935
- Species Stylaster sinuosus (Cairns, 1991)
- Species Stylaster solidus Broch, 1935
- Species Stylaster spatula Cairns, 1986
- Species Stylaster stejnegeri (Fisher, 1938)
- Species Stylaster stellulatus Stewart, 1878
- Species Stylaster subviolacea (Kent, 1871)
- Species Stylaster tenisonwoodsi Cairns, 1988
- Species Stylaster trachystomus (Fisher, 1938)
- Species Stylaster tritoni Maggioni, Cairns, Pica & Benzoni, 2022
- Species Stylaster tuberosus Cairns, 2020 †
- Species Stylaster venustus (Verrill, 1868)
- Species Stylaster verrillii (Dall, 1884)
- Subgenus Stylaster (Allopora) Ehrenberg, 1834 accepted as Stylaster Gray, 1831 (synonymy)
- Species Stylaster (Allopora) bocki Broch, 1936 accepted as Stylaster bocki Broch, 1936 (basionym, changed combination)
- Species Stylaster (Allopora) boreopacificus Broch, 1932 accepted as Stylaster boreopacificus Broch, 1932 (basionym, changed combination)
- Forma Stylaster (Allopora) boreopacificus f. typica Bronn, 1932 accepted as Stylaster boreopacificus Broch, 1932 (synonymy)
- Species Stylaster (Allopora) carinata Broch, 1936 accepted as Stylaster carinatus Broch, 1936 (basionym, changed combination)
- Species Stylaster (Allopora) norvegicus (Gunnerus, 1768) accepted as Stylaster norvegicus (Gunnerus, 1768) (changed combination)
- Species Stylaster (Allopora) porphyrus accepted as Stylantheca papillosa (Dall, 1884) (synonymy)
- Species Stylaster (Allopora) profundus (Moseley, 1879) accepted as Stylaster profundus (Moseley, 1879) (changed combination)
- Species Stylaster (Allopora) scabiosa Broch, 1936 accepted as Stylaster scabiosus Broch, 1935 (changed combination)
- Species Stylaster (Allopora) solidus Broch, 1935 accepted as Stylaster solidus Broch, 1935 (changed combination)
- Subgenus Stylaster (Eustylaster) Broch, 1914 accepted as Stylaster Gray, 1831 (synonymy)
- Species Stylaster (Eustylaster) duchassaingi Pourtalès, 1867 accepted as Stylaster duchassaingi Pourtalès, 1867 (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Stylaster (Eustylaster) gemmascens (Esper, 1790) accepted as Stylaster gemmascens (Esper, 1790) (changed combination)
- Species Stylaster (Eustylaster) lonchitis Broch, 1947 accepted as Stylaster lonchitis Broch, 1947 (basionym, changed combination)
- Species Stylaster (Eustylaster) ramosus Broch, 1947 accepted as Stylaster ramosus Broch, 1947 (basionym, changed combination)
- Species Stylaster (Eustylaster) roseus (Pallas, 1766) accepted as Stylaster roseus (Pallas, 1766) (changed combination)
- Subgenus Stylaster (Stenohelia) Kent, 1870 accepted as Stenohelia Kent, 1870 (changed combination)
- Species Stylaster (Stenohelia) challengeri Boschma, 1951 accepted as Stenohelia profunda Moseley, 1879 (synonymy)
- Subgenus Stylaster (Stylantheca) Fisher, 1931 accepted as Stylantheca Fischer, 1931 (changed combination)
- Subgenus Stylaster (Stylaster) Gray, 1831 accepted as Stylaster Gray, 1831 (synonymy)
- Species Stylaster abei (Eguchi, 1968) accepted as Stylaster campylecus (Fisher, 1938) (synonymy)
- Species Stylaster bella (Dana, 1846) accepted as Stylaster bellus (Dana, 1848) (wrong spelling)
- Species Stylaster cancellatus Fisher, 1938 accepted as Stylaster alaskanus Fisher, 1938 (synonymy)
- Species Stylaster challengeri Boschma, 1951 accepted as Stenohelia profunda Moseley, 1879 (synonymy)
- Species Stylaster echinatus Broch, 1936 accepted as Stylaster filogranus Pourtalès, 1871 (synonymy)
- Species Stylaster elegans Verrill, 1864 accepted as Stylaster sanguineus Milne Edwards & Haime, 1850
- Species Stylaster elegans Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 accepted as Stylaster duchassaingi Pourtalès, 1867
- Species Stylaster eximius Saville Kent, 1871 accepted as Stylaster duchassaingi Pourtalès, 1867 (synonym)
- Forma Stylaster eximius f. atlantica Broch, 1936 accepted as Stylaster atlanticus Broch, 1936
- Forma Stylaster eximius f. altus Hickson & England, 1905 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Forma Stylaster eximius f. dentatus Hickson & England, 1905 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Forma Stylaster eximius f. irregularis Hickson & England, 1905 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Forma Stylaster eximius f. minor Hickson & England, 1905 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Stylaster laevis Studer, 1878 accepted as Conopora laevis (Studer, 1878) (basionym, changed combination)
- Species Stylaster milleri Durham, 1942 † accepted as Stylantheca milleri (Durham, 1942) † (basionym, changed combination)
- Species Stylaster minimus Hickson & England, 1905 accepted as Stenohelia minima (Hickson & England, 1905) (basionym, changed combination)
- Species Stylaster moseleyanus Fisher, 1938 accepted as Stylaster campylecus (Fisher, 1938)
- Forma Stylaster moseleyanus f. leptostylus Fisher, 1938 accepted as Stylaster leptostylus (Fisher, 1938) (raised to species rank)
- Species Stylaster nagaoi (Eguchi, 1968) † (unaccepted > nomen nudum)
- Species Stylaster obliquus Studer, 1878 accepted as Conopora laevis (Studer, 1878) (synonymy)
- Species Stylaster petrograptus (Fisher, 1938) accepted as Stylantheca papillosa (Dall, 1884) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- Species Stylaster polyorchis (Fisher, 1938) accepted as Stylaster campylecus (Fisher, 1938)
- Species Stylaster punctatus Pourtalès, 1871 accepted as Stylaster roseus (Pallas, 1766)
- Species Stylaster rossoamericanus Brandt, 1872 (unaccepted > nomen nudum)
- Species Stylaster tenuis Verrill, 1864 accepted as Stylaster sanguineus Milne Edwards & Haime, 1850
- Species Stylaster tiliatus Hickson & England, 1905 accepted as Stenohelia tiliata (Hickson & England, 1905) (basionym, changed combination)
- Species Stylaster umbonatus Hickson & England, 1905 accepted as Stenohelia umbonata (Hickson & England, 1905) (basionym, changed combination)
- Species Stylaster verrucosus Studer, 1878 accepted as Conopora verrucosa (Studer, 1878)
- Species Stylaster virginus (Lindström, 1877) accepted as Stylaster complanatus Pourtalès, 1867 (synonymy)
- Species Stylaster yabei Eguchi, 1941 accepted as Stenohelia yabei (Eguchi, 1941) (basionym, changed combination)
- Forma Stylaster yabei f. minor Eguchi, 1941 accepted as Stenohelia yabei (Eguchi, 1941) (synonymy)
- Subspecies Stylaster yabei minor (Eguchi, 1941) accepted as Stenohelia yabei (Eguchi, 1941) (synonymy)
- Species Stylaster alloporoides (Reuss, 1865) † (uncertain > taxon inquirendum, homonym)
marine, brackish, terrestrial
recent + fossil
Gray JE. (1831). Description of a new genus (Stylaster) of star-bearing corals in Gray, J.E., Zoological Miscellany: London, Treuttel, Wurtz, and Co., p. 36–37. [details]
Depth range 1-1485 m
Taxonomy Cairns (1983) divided the genus into three species groups, based othe orientation of the cyclosystem on the branches.
Description Calcareous skeleton with fine, tapering branches which are rounded in section. Pores grouped along outer edges. White,...
Depth range 1-1485 m [details]
Taxonomy Cairns (1983) divided the genus into three species groups, based othe orientation of the cyclosystem on the branches.
Taxonomy Cairns (1983) divided the genus into three species groups, based othe orientation of the cyclosystem on the branches. [details]
Description Calcareous skeleton with fine, tapering branches which are rounded in section. Pores grouped along outer edges. White,...
Description Calcareous skeleton with fine, tapering branches which are rounded in section. Pores grouped along outer edges. White, purplish to yellow. Habitat: shallow to deep water. Distribution: all warm seas (Richmond, 1997). [details]
Schuchert, P. (2024). World Hydrozoa Database. Stylaster Gray, 1831. Accessed at: https://marinespecies.org/hydrozoa/aphia.php/api-docs/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=117246 on 2024-03-28
Date
action
by
original description
Gray JE. (1831). Description of a new genus (Stylaster) of star-bearing corals in Gray, J.E., Zoological Miscellany: London, Treuttel, Wurtz, and Co., p. 36–37. [details]
original description (of Allopora Ehrenberg, 1834) Ehrenberg, C. G. (1834). Beiträge zur physiologischen Kenntniss der Corallenthiere im allgemeinen, und besonders des rothen Meeres, nebst einem Versuche zur physiologischen Systematik derselben. <em>Abhandlungen der Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Berlin.</em> 1: 225-380., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29725862 [details]
original description (of Cryptaxis Reuss, 1865 †) Reuss, A. E. (1865). Zur Fauna des deutschen Oberoligocäns. Erste Abtheilung. <em>Sitzungsberichte der mathematisch-naturwissenschaflichen Classe der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften.</em> 50 (1) [1864]: 435-482., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6445506 [details]
original description (of Deontopora Hall, 1893 †) Hall TS. (1893). On two new Tertiary stylasterids. <em>Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria (New Series).</em> 5: 117-122., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8353945 [details]
original description (of Cryptaxiella Kuhn, 1939 †) Kühn, O., 1939. Hydrozoa. In: O.H. Schindewolf, Handbuch der Paläozoologie 2 5: A1-A68. [details]
original description (of Stylaster (Eustylaster) Broch, 1914) Broch H. (1914). Stylasteridae. <em>The Danish Ingolf-Expedition.</em> 5 (5): 1-27, pls. 1-5, map. [details]
context source (MSBIAS) MEDIN. (2011). UK checklist of marine species derived from the applications Marine Recorder and UNICORN. version 1.0. [details]
basis of record van der Land, J.; Vervoort, W.; Cairns, S.D.; Schuchert, P. (2001). Hydrozoa, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 112-120 (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Veron JEN. (1986). Corals of Australia and the Indo-Pacific. <em>Angus & Robertson Publishers.</em> [details]
additional source Cairns, S.D. (1983). A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera. <em>Bulletin of Marine Science.</em> 33(2): 427-508. figs. 1-28. (iv.1983). [details] Available for editors
additional source Broch H. (1914). Stylasteridae. <em>The Danish Ingolf-Expedition.</em> 5 (5): 1-27, pls. 1-5, map. [details]
additional source Moseley, H.N. (1876). Preliminary report to Professor Wyville Thompson, F.R.S., Director of the Civilian Scientific Staff, on the true corals dredged by H.M.S. 'Challenger' in deep water between the dates Dec. 30th, 1870, and August 31st. <em>Proc. R. Soc.</em> 24: 544-569.
page(s): 547 [details]
additional source Maragos, J. E.; Kenyon, J. (2004). Rose Atoll coral data compiled from US Fish and Wildlife Service 1994, Townsend Cromwell 2002, and Sette 2004 surveys [Table 10]. UNPUBLISHED, Unpublished
page(s): 1 [details]
additional source Cairns, S.D. & A. Lindner. (2011). A revision of the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Filifera) from Alaska and adjacent waters. <em>ZooKeys.</em> 158: 1–88. [details] Available for editors
additional source Moseley, H.N. (1881 [1880]). Report on certain hydroid, alcyonarian, and madreporarian corals procured during the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger, in the years 1873–1876. <em>Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873–76. Zoology.</em> 2 (part 7): 1-248, pl. Hydrocorallinae 1-14, Helioporidae 1-2, Madreporaria 1-16., available online at http://www.19thcenturyscience.org/HMSC/HMSC-Reports/Zool-07/README.htm [details]
redescription Cairns, S.D. (2015). Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Anthoathecata) of the New Caledonian Region. <em>Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos 28. Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (1993), 207. Publications Scientifiques du Muséum: Paris.</em> 361 + 1 cd-rom pp., available online at https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/27379
page(s): 158; note: Key to New Caledonian species. [details] Available for editors
redescription Cairns, S.D., 1986. Stylasteridae (Hydrozoa: Hydroida) of the Galapagos Islands. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 426: 1-42. [details]
redescription Cairns, S.D. (1986). A revision of the Northwest Atlantic Stylasteridae (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). <em>Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology.</em> 418: 1-131., available online at http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/Zoology/pdf_hi/SCTZ-0418.pdf
page(s): 54 [details] Available for editors
redescription Cairns, S.D., 1988. New records of Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Western Australia, including the description of two new species. Rec. W. Aust. Mus. 14 1: 105-119. [details]
redescription Cairns, S.D. (1991). The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydroida). <em>New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir.</em> 98: 1-179, pls. 1-77. [details] Available for editors
redescription Zibrowius, H. & S.D. Cairns. (1992). Revision of the northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). <em>Mémoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, série A, Zoolologie.</em> 153: 1-136. [details] Available for editors
identification resource Cairns, S.D. (1992). A generic revision of the Stylasteridae (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 3. Keys to the genera. <em>Bulletin of Marine Science.</em> 49(1-2): 538-545. [1991]. published 27 Jan 1992. [details] Available for editors
original description (of Allopora Ehrenberg, 1834) Ehrenberg, C. G. (1834). Beiträge zur physiologischen Kenntniss der Corallenthiere im allgemeinen, und besonders des rothen Meeres, nebst einem Versuche zur physiologischen Systematik derselben. <em>Abhandlungen der Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Berlin.</em> 1: 225-380., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29725862 [details]
original description (of Cryptaxis Reuss, 1865 †) Reuss, A. E. (1865). Zur Fauna des deutschen Oberoligocäns. Erste Abtheilung. <em>Sitzungsberichte der mathematisch-naturwissenschaflichen Classe der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften.</em> 50 (1) [1864]: 435-482., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6445506 [details]
original description (of Deontopora Hall, 1893 †) Hall TS. (1893). On two new Tertiary stylasterids. <em>Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria (New Series).</em> 5: 117-122., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8353945 [details]
original description (of Cryptaxiella Kuhn, 1939 †) Kühn, O., 1939. Hydrozoa. In: O.H. Schindewolf, Handbuch der Paläozoologie 2 5: A1-A68. [details]
original description (of Stylaster (Eustylaster) Broch, 1914) Broch H. (1914). Stylasteridae. <em>The Danish Ingolf-Expedition.</em> 5 (5): 1-27, pls. 1-5, map. [details]
context source (MSBIAS) MEDIN. (2011). UK checklist of marine species derived from the applications Marine Recorder and UNICORN. version 1.0. [details]
basis of record van der Land, J.; Vervoort, W.; Cairns, S.D.; Schuchert, P. (2001). Hydrozoa, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 112-120 (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Veron JEN. (1986). Corals of Australia and the Indo-Pacific. <em>Angus & Robertson Publishers.</em> [details]
additional source Cairns, S.D. (1983). A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera. <em>Bulletin of Marine Science.</em> 33(2): 427-508. figs. 1-28. (iv.1983). [details] Available for editors
additional source Broch H. (1914). Stylasteridae. <em>The Danish Ingolf-Expedition.</em> 5 (5): 1-27, pls. 1-5, map. [details]
additional source Moseley, H.N. (1876). Preliminary report to Professor Wyville Thompson, F.R.S., Director of the Civilian Scientific Staff, on the true corals dredged by H.M.S. 'Challenger' in deep water between the dates Dec. 30th, 1870, and August 31st. <em>Proc. R. Soc.</em> 24: 544-569.
page(s): 547 [details]
additional source Maragos, J. E.; Kenyon, J. (2004). Rose Atoll coral data compiled from US Fish and Wildlife Service 1994, Townsend Cromwell 2002, and Sette 2004 surveys [Table 10]. UNPUBLISHED, Unpublished
page(s): 1 [details]
additional source Cairns, S.D. & A. Lindner. (2011). A revision of the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Filifera) from Alaska and adjacent waters. <em>ZooKeys.</em> 158: 1–88. [details] Available for editors
additional source Moseley, H.N. (1881 [1880]). Report on certain hydroid, alcyonarian, and madreporarian corals procured during the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger, in the years 1873–1876. <em>Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873–76. Zoology.</em> 2 (part 7): 1-248, pl. Hydrocorallinae 1-14, Helioporidae 1-2, Madreporaria 1-16., available online at http://www.19thcenturyscience.org/HMSC/HMSC-Reports/Zool-07/README.htm [details]
redescription Cairns, S.D. (2015). Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Anthoathecata) of the New Caledonian Region. <em>Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos 28. Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (1993), 207. Publications Scientifiques du Muséum: Paris.</em> 361 + 1 cd-rom pp., available online at https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/27379
page(s): 158; note: Key to New Caledonian species. [details] Available for editors
redescription Cairns, S.D., 1986. Stylasteridae (Hydrozoa: Hydroida) of the Galapagos Islands. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 426: 1-42. [details]
redescription Cairns, S.D. (1986). A revision of the Northwest Atlantic Stylasteridae (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). <em>Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology.</em> 418: 1-131., available online at http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/Zoology/pdf_hi/SCTZ-0418.pdf
page(s): 54 [details] Available for editors
redescription Cairns, S.D., 1988. New records of Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Western Australia, including the description of two new species. Rec. W. Aust. Mus. 14 1: 105-119. [details]
redescription Cairns, S.D. (1991). The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydroida). <em>New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir.</em> 98: 1-179, pls. 1-77. [details] Available for editors
redescription Zibrowius, H. & S.D. Cairns. (1992). Revision of the northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). <em>Mémoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, série A, Zoolologie.</em> 153: 1-136. [details] Available for editors
identification resource Cairns, S.D. (1992). A generic revision of the Stylasteridae (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 3. Keys to the genera. <em>Bulletin of Marine Science.</em> 49(1-2): 538-545. [1991]. published 27 Jan 1992. [details] Available for editors
From editor or global species database
Depth range 1-1485 m [details]Taxonomy Cairns (1983) divided the genus into three species groups, based othe orientation of the cyclosystem on the branches. [details]
From other sources
Description Calcareous skeleton with fine, tapering branches which are rounded in section. Pores grouped along outer edges. White, purplish to yellow. Habitat: shallow to deep water. Distribution: all warm seas (Richmond, 1997). [details]